Android程序中如何启动浏览器
本文参照自： http://blog.csdn.net/liws2010/article/details/7452957
一、
启动android默认浏览器
在Android程序中我们可以通过发送隐式Intent来启动系统默认的浏览器。如果手机本身安装了多个浏览器而又没有设置默认浏览器的话，系统将让用户选择使用哪个浏览器来打开连接。关于Intent的更多内容请参考《 常用Intent
》
示例1
Intent
intent
=
new
Intent
();
intent
.
setAction
(
"android.intent.action.VIEW"
);
Uri
content_url
=
Uri
.
parse
(
"http://www.163.com"
);
intent
.
setData
(
content_url
);
startActivity
(
intent
);
这样子，android就可以调用起手机默认的浏览器访问。
二、启动指定浏览器
在Android程序中我们可以通过发送显式Intent来启动指定的浏览器。
启动Android原生浏览器
示例2
Intent intent = new Intent ();intent . setAction ( "android.intent.action.VIEW" );Uri content_url = Uri . parse ( "http://www.163.com" );intent . setData ( content_url );intent . setClassName ( "com.android.browser" , "com.android.browser.BrowserActivity" );startActivity ( intent );
只要修改以
intent.setClassName("
com.android.browser
","
com.android.browser.BrowserActivity
");
中相应的应用程序
packagename
和要启动的
activity
即可启动其他浏览器来
uc浏览器"
：
"
com.uc.browser
", "
com.uc.browser.ActivityUpdate
“
opera浏览器
："
com.opera.mini.android
", "
com.opera.mini.android.Browser
"
qq浏览器
："
com.tencent.mtt
", "
com.tencent.mtt.MainActivity
"
三、使用浏览器打开本地html文件
打开本地的html文件的时候，一定要指定某个浏览器，而不能采用方式一来浏览。
示例3
Intent intent = new Intent ();intent . setAction ( "android.intent.action.VIEW" );Uri content_url = Uri . parse ( "file:///sdcard/robin.hu/help.html" );intent . setData ( content_url );intent . setClassName ( "com.android.browser" , "com.android.browser.BrowserActivity" );startActivity ( intent );
虽然网上很多文章说即使使用浏览器打开本地的html文件的时，文件路径不支持"files:"，不应该使用
Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/robin.hu/help.html");
这种形式而是应该使用
Uri content_url = Uri.parse("content://com.android.htmlfileprovider/sdcard/robin.hu/help.html");
但是
经过在HTC G10(Android2.3.5),Lenovo P770(Android4.0以上)测试，实际上只
有
Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/robin.hu/help.html");
这种形式能很好的工作。
Uri content_url = Uri.parse("content://com.android.htmlfileprovider/sdcard/robin.hu/help.html");
这种形式反而不能很好的工作
四、对使用浏览器打开网页的封装
以下是
对使用浏览器打开网页的一些封装
static void startBrower ( Context context , String uri ){startBrower ( context , Uri . parse ( uri ));}static void startBrower ( Context context , Uri uri ){Intent intent = new Intent ();intent . setAction ( "android.intent.action.VIEW" );/*其实可以不用添加该Category*/intent . addCategory ( "android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" );intent . setData ( uri );intent . addFlags ( Intent . FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK );/*如果想用浏览器打开本地html文件的话，则只能通过显式intent启动浏览器*/boolean explicitMode = false ;String scheme = uri . getScheme ();if ( scheme != null && scheme . startsWith ( "file" )) {explicitMode = true ;}if ( explicitMode ) {intent . setClassName ( "com.android.browser" , "com.android.browser.BrowserActivity" );} else {intent . addCategory ( "android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" );}context . startActivity ( intent );}static void startBrower ( Context context , String uri , String packageName , String className ){startBrower ( context , Uri . parse ( uri ), packageName , className );}static void startBrower ( Context context , Uri uri , String packageName , String className ){Intent intent = new Intent ();intent . setAction ( "android.intent.action.VIEW" );intent . setData ( uri );intent . addFlags ( Intent . FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK );intent . setClassName ( packageName , className );context . startActivity ( intent );}
五、Android原生浏览器的AndroidManifest.xml
以下是
Android 4.0原生浏览器的
AndroidManifest.xml
文件
<manifest
xmlns:android
=
"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package
=
"com.android.browser"
>
<original-package
android:name
=
"com.android.browser"
/>
<permission
android:name
=
"com.android.browser.permission.PRELOAD"
android:label
=
"@string/permission_preload_label"
android:protectionLevel
=
"signatureOrSystem"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.ACCESS_DOWNLOAD_MANAGER"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.USE_CREDENTIALS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.INTERNET"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.NFC"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.SEND_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETED_INTENTS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"com.android.browser.permission.READ_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"com.android.browser.permission.WRITE_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS"
/>
<uses-permission
android:name
=
"com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"
/>
<application
android:name
=
"Browser"
android:label
=
"@string/application_name"
android:icon
=
"@mipmap/ic_launcher_browser"
android:backupAgent
=
".BrowserBackupAgent"
android:hardwareAccelerated
=
"true"
android:taskAffinity
=
"android.task.browser"
>
<provider
android:name
=
".provider.BrowserProvider2"
android:authorities
=
"com.android.browser;browser"
android:multiprocess
=
"true"
android:readPermission
=
"com.android.browser.permission.READ_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS"
android:writePermission
=
"com.android.browser.permission.WRITE_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS"
>
<path-permission
android:path
=
"/bookmarks/search_suggest_query"
android:readPermission
=
"android.permission.GLOBAL_SEARCH"
/>
</provider>
<activity
android:name
=
"BrowserActivity"
android:label
=
"@string/application_name"
android:launchMode
=
"singleTask"
android:alwaysRetainTaskState
=
"true"
android:configChanges
=
"orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize"
android:theme
=
"@style/BrowserTheme"
android:windowSoftInputMode
=
"adjustResize"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.speech.action.VOICE_SEARCH_RESULTS"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- For these schemes were not particular MIME type has been
supplied, we are a good candidate. -->
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.VIEW"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"https"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"about"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"javascript"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- For these schemes where any of these particular MIME types
have been supplied, we are a good candidate. -->
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.VIEW"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"https"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"inline"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"text/html"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"text/plain"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"application/xhtml+xml"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- For viewing saved web archives. -->
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.VIEW"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"https"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"file"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"application/x-webarchive-xml"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- Accept inbound NFC URLs at a low priority -->
<intent-filter
android:priority
=
"-101"
>
<action
android:name
=
"android.nfc.action.NDEF_DISCOVERED"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"https"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- We are also the main entry point of the browser. -->
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.MAIN"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"
/>
</intent-filter>
<!-- The maps app is a much better experience, so it's not
worth having this at all... especially for a demo!
<intent-filter android:label="Map In Browser">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="vnd.android.cursor.item/postal-address" />
</intent-filter>
-->
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.WEB_SEARCH"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
""
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"https"
/>
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.MEDIA_SEARCH"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.SEARCH"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name
=
"android.app.searchable"
android:resource
=
"@xml/searchable"
/>
</activity>
<activity
android:name
=
"ShortcutActivity"
android:theme
=
"@style/ShortcutTheme"
android:label
=
"@string/shortcut_bookmark"
android:icon
=
"@mipmap/ic_launcher_shortcut_browser_bookmark"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name
=
"BrowserPreferencesPage"
android:label
=
"@string/menu_preferences"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.MANAGE_NETWORK_USAGE"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name
=
"BookmarkSearch"
android:label
=
"@string/bookmarks_search"
android:stateNotNeeded
=
"true"
android:theme
=
"@android:style/Theme.NoDisplay"
android:excludeFromRecents
=
"true"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.SEARCH"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name
=
"android.app.searchable"
android:resource
=
"@xml/bookmarks_searchable"
/>
</activity>
<activity
android:name
=
"AddBookmarkPage"
android:label
=
"Save bookmark"
android:theme
=
"@style/DialogWhenLarge"
android:configChanges
=
"orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.INSERT"
/>
<category
android:name
=
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
/>
<data
android:mimeType
=
"vnd.android.cursor.dir/bookmark"
/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name
=
"ComboViewActivity"
>
</activity>
<!-- Bookmark thumbnail homescreen widget -->
<receiver
android:name
=
".widget.BookmarkThumbnailWidgetProvider"
android:label
=
"@string/bookmarks"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE"
/>
<action
android:name
=
"com.android.browser.BOOKMARK_APPWIDGET_UPDATE"
/>
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name
=
"android.appwidget.provider"
android:resource
=
"@xml/bookmarkthumbnailwidget_info"
/>
</receiver>
<service
android:name
=
".widget.BookmarkThumbnailWidgetService"
android:permission
=
"android.permission.BIND_REMOTEVIEWS"
android:exported
=
"false"
/>
<receiver
android:name
=
".widget.BookmarkWidgetProxy"
android:exported
=
"false"
/>
<activity
android:name
=
".widget.BookmarkWidgetConfigure"
android:theme
=
"@android:style/Theme.Holo.DialogWhenLarge"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_CONFIGURE"
/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!-- Makes .BrowserActivity the search target for any activity in Browser -->
<meta-data
android:name
=
"android.app.default_searchable"
android:value
=
".BrowserActivity"
/>
<!-- Application code for RLZ tracking. RLZ assigns non-unique, non-personally identifiable
tracking labels to client products; these labels sometimes appear in Google search
queries. See http://code.google.com/p/rlz for more info.
This value signifies to the RLZ client that this application uses RLZ tracking. -->
<meta-data
android:name
=
"com.google.android.partnersetup.RLZ_ACCESS_POINT"
android:value
=
"@string/rlz_access_point"
/>
<receiver
android:name
=
".OpenDownloadReceiver"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.DOWNLOAD_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED"
/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<!-- For custom home pages (like most visited) -->
<provider
android:name
=
".homepages.HomeProvider"
android:authorities
=
"com.android.browser.home"
android:readPermission
=
"com.android.browser.permission.READ_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS"
android:exported
=
"false"
/>
<receiver
android:name
=
".AccountsChangedReceiver"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.accounts.LOGIN_ACCOUNTS_CHANGED"
/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver
android:name
=
".PreloadRequestReceiver"
android:permission
=
"com.android.browser.permission.PRELOAD"
>
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name
=
"android.intent.action.PRELOAD"
/>
<data
android:scheme
=
"http"
/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<provider
android:name
=
".provider.SnapshotProvider"
android:authorities
=
"com.android.browser.snapshots"
android:exported
=
"false"
/>
</application>
</manifest>
结束