多线程下载

参考网址:http://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/archive/2012/05/20/2509715.html


 第三篇来的好晚啊,上一篇说了如何向服务器推送信息,这一篇我们看看如何"快好准"的从服务器下拉信息。

    网络上有很多大资源文件,比如供人下载的zip包,电影(你懂的),那么我们如何快速的进行下载,大家第一反应肯定就是多线程下载,

那么这些东西是如何做的呢?首先我们可以从“QQ的中转站里面拉一个rar下来“。

多线程下载_第1张图片

然后用fiddler监视一下,我们会发现一个有趣的现象:

第一:7.62*1024*1024≈7990914  千真万确是此文件

第二:我明明是一个http链接,tmd的怎么变成n多个了?有意思。

好,我们继续往下看,看看这些链接都做了些什么?

多线程下载_第2张图片多线程下载_第3张图片

最终,我们发现http协议中有一个Conent—Range字段,能够把我们的文件总大小进行切分,然后并行下载,最后再进行合并,大概我们知道

了什么原理,那么,我们强大的C#类库提供了AddRange来获取Http中资源的指定范围。

 

既然进行了切分,那么首先一定要知道文件的ContentLength是多少,如果对http协议比较熟悉的话,当发送一个头信息过去,服务器返回的

头信息中会包含很多东西,此时我们就知道要下载资源的大概情况,这个就有点“兵马未动,粮草先行“的感觉。

多线程下载_第4张图片

复制代码
 1             var request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
 2 
 3             request.Method = "Head";
 4 
 5             request.Timeout = 3000;
 6 
 7             var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
 8 
 9             var code = response.StatusCode;
10 
11             if (code != HttpStatusCode.OK)
12             {
13                 Console.WriteLine("下载资源无效!");
14                 return;
15             }
16 
17             var total = response.ContentLength;
复制代码

 

这里有个决策,到底是以下载量来决定线程数,还是以线程数来决定下载量,由于我们的下载取决于当前的网速,所以在这种场合下更好的方案是

采用后者,这几天在闪存里面两次看到苍老师,肃然起敬,所以决定在不用线程和线程的情况下,看看下载仓老师的速度如何。

图片大小(217.27KB)

View Code
复制代码
  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.Linq;
  4 using System.Text;
  5 using System.Net;
  6 using System.Threading;
  7 using System.Threading.Tasks;
  8 using System.IO;
  9 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 10 using System.Diagnostics;
 11 using System.Drawing;
 12 
 13 
 14 namespace ConsoleApplication1
 15 {
 16     public class Program
 17     {
 18         public static CountdownEvent cde = new CountdownEvent(0);
 19 
 20         //每个线程下载的字节数,方便最后合并
 21         public static ConcurrentDictionary<long, byte[]> dic = new ConcurrentDictionary<long, byte[]>();
 22 
 23         //请求文件
 24         public static string url = "http://www.pncity.net/bbs/data/attachment/forum/201107/30/1901108yyd8gnrs2isadrr.jpg";
 25 
 26         static void Main(string[] args)
 27         {
 28             for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
 29             {
 30                 Console.WriteLine("\n****************************\n第{0}次比较\n****************************", (i + 1));
 31 
 32                 //不用线程
 33                 //RunSingle();
 34 
 35                 //使用多线程
 36                 RunMultiTask();
 37             }
 38 
 39             Console.Read();
 40         }
 41 
 42         static void RunMultiTask()
 43         {
 44             Stopwatch watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
 45 
 46             //开5个线程
 47             int threadCount = 5;
 48 
 49             long start = 0;
 50 
 51             long end = 0;
 52 
 53             var total = GetSourceHead();
 54 
 55             if (total == 0)
 56                 return;
 57 
 58             var pageSize = (int)Math.Ceiling((Double)total / threadCount);
 59 
 60             cde.Reset(threadCount);
 61 
 62             Task[] tasks = new Task[threadCount];
 63 
 64             for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
 65             {
 66                 start = i * pageSize;
 67 
 68                 end = (i + 1) * pageSize - 1;
 69 
 70                 if (end > total)
 71                     end = total;
 72 
 73                 var obj = start + "|" + end;
 74 
 75                 tasks[i] = Task.Factory.StartNew(j => new DownFile().DownTaskMulti(obj), obj);
 76             }
 77 
 78             Task.WaitAll(tasks);
 79 
 80             var targetFile = "C://" + url.Substring(url.LastIndexOf('/') + 1);
 81 
 82             FileStream fs = new FileStream(targetFile, FileMode.Create);
 83 
 84             var result = dic.Keys.OrderBy(i => i).ToList();
 85 
 86             foreach (var item in result)
 87             {
 88                 fs.Write(dic[item], 0, dic[item].Length);
 89             }
 90 
 91             fs.Close();
 92 
 93             watch.Stop();
 94 
 95             Console.WriteLine("多线程:下载耗费时间:{0}", watch.Elapsed);
 96         }
 97 
 98         static void RunSingle()
 99         {
100             Stopwatch watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
101 
102             if (GetSourceHead() == 0)
103                 return;
104 
105             var request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
106 
107             var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
108 
109             var stream = response.GetResponseStream();
110 
111             var outStream = new MemoryStream();
112 
113             var bytes = new byte[10240];
114 
115             int count = 0;
116 
117             while ((count = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
118             {
119                 outStream.Write(bytes, 0, count);
120             }
121 
122             var targetFile = "C://" + url.Substring(url.LastIndexOf('/') + 1);
123 
124             FileStream fs = new FileStream(targetFile, FileMode.Create);
125 
126             fs.Write(outStream.ToArray(), 0, (int)outStream.Length);
127 
128             outStream.Close();
129 
130             response.Close();
131 
132             fs.Close();
133 
134             watch.Stop();
135 
136             Console.WriteLine("不用线程:下载耗费时间:{0}", watch.Elapsed);
137         }
138 
139         //获取头信息
140         public static long GetSourceHead()
141         {
142             var request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
143 
144             request.Method = "Head";
145             request.Timeout = 3000;
146 
147             var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
148 
149             var code = response.StatusCode;
150 
151             if (code != HttpStatusCode.OK)
152             {
153                 Console.WriteLine("下载的资源无效!");
154                 return 0;
155             }
156 
157             var total = response.ContentLength;
158 
159             Console.WriteLine("当前资源大小为:" + total);
160 
161             response.Close();
162 
163             return total;
164         }
165     }
166 
167     public class DownFile
168     {
169         // 多线程下载
170         public void DownTaskMulti(object obj)
171         {
172             var single = obj.ToString().Split('|');
173 
174             long start = Convert.ToInt64(single.FirstOrDefault());
175 
176             long end = Convert.ToInt64(single.LastOrDefault());
177 
178             var request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(Program.url);
179 
180             request.AddRange(start, end);
181 
182             var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
183 
184             var stream = response.GetResponseStream();
185 
186             var outStream = new MemoryStream();
187 
188             var bytes = new byte[10240];
189 
190             int count = 0;
191 
192             while ((count = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
193             {
194                 outStream.Write(bytes, 0, count);
195             }
196 
197             outStream.Close();
198 
199             response.Close();
200 
201             Program.dic.TryAdd(start, outStream.ToArray());
202 
203             Program.cde.Signal();
204         }
205     }
206 }

你可能感兴趣的:(多线程,String,Stream,服务器,url,byte)