from;http://www.blogjava.net/terry-zj/archive/2006/04/18/41662.html
在Oracle SQL中取数据时有时要用到in 和 exists 那么他们有什么区别呢?
1 性能上的比较
比如Select * from T1 where x in ( select y from T2 )
执行的过程相当于:
select *
from t1, ( select distinct y from t2 ) t2
where t1.x = t2.y;
相对的
select * from t1 where exists ( select null from t2 where y = x )
执行的过程相当于:
for x in ( select * from t1 )
loop
if ( exists ( select null from t2 where y = x.x )
then
OUTPUT THE RECORD
end if
end loop
表 T1 不可避免的要被完全扫描一遍
分别适用在什么情况?
以子查询 ( select y from T2 )为考虑方向
如果子查询的结果集很大需要消耗很多时间,但是T1比较小执行( select null from t2 where y = x.x )非常快,那么exists就比较适合用在这里
相对应得子查询的结果集比较小的时候就应该使用in.
2 含义上的比较
在标准的scott/tiger用户下
EMPNO | ENAME | JOB | MGR | HIREDATE | SAL | COMM | DEPTNO | |
1 | 7499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981/02/20 | 1600.00 | 300.00 | 30 |
2 | 7521 | WARD | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981/02/22 | 1250.00 | 500.00 | 30 |
3 | 7566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981/04/02 | 2975.00 | 20 | |
4 | 7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981/09/28 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 | 30 |
5 | 7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981/05/01 | 2850.00 | 30 | |
6 | 7782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981/06/09 | 2450.00 | 10 | |
7 | 7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST | 7566 | 1987/04/19 | 3000.00 | 20 | |
8 | 7839 | KING | PRESIDENT | 1981/11/17 | 5000.00 | 10 | ||
9 | 7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981/09/08 | 1500.00 | 0.00 | 30 |
10 | 7876 | ADAMS | CLERK | 7788 | 1987/05/23 | 1100.00 | 20 | |
11 | 7900 | JAMES | CLERK | 7698 | 1981/12/03 | 950.00 | 30 | |
12 | 7902 | FORD | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981/12/03 | 3000.00 | 20 | |
13 | 7934 | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1982/01/23 | 1300.00 | 10 |