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先,简而言之的介绍一下android事件传递的流程,按键,触屏等事件是经由WindowManagerService获取,并通过共享内存和管道的方
式传递给ViewRoot,ViewRoot再dispatch给Application的View。当有事件从硬件设备输入
时,system_server端在检测到事件发生时,通过管道(pipe)通知ViewRoot事件发生,此时ViewRoot再去的内存中读取这个事
件信息。下面以一个模块划分图了解一下整个过程:
下面详细介绍一个各个模块主要处理流程:
1、建立通读通道初始化:
A、WindowManagerService与ViewRoot建立管道初始化
WindowManagerService : 主要负责事件传递,运行于system_server中,主要利用inputmanager启动input事件启动线程
读取event数据
WindowManagerService--->ViewRoot方向的管道通信,表示WMS通知ViewRoot有新事件被写入到共享内存;
ViewRoot-->WindowManagerService方向的管道通信,表示ViewRoot已经消化完共享内存中的新事件,特此通知WMS。
ViewRoot和WindowManagerService的管道的文件描述符都是被存储在一个名为InputChannel的类中,这个InputChannel类是
管道通信的载体。而这两者间通过ashmem_create_region创建匿名内存进行数据的传递 。
ViewRoot.java 端建立管道:
mInputChannel = new InputChannel();
try {
res = sWindowSession.add(mWindow, mWindowAttributes,
getHostVisibility(), mAttachInfo.mContentInsets,
mInputChannel);
} catch (RemoteException e)
WindowManagerService.java 建立管道:
if (outInputChannel != null) {
String name = win.makeInputChannelName();
InputChannel[] inputChannels = InputChannel.openInputChannelPair(name);
win.mInputChannel = inputChannels[0];
inputChannels[1].transferToBinderOutParameter(outInputChannel);
mInputManager.registerInputChannel(win.mInputChannel);
}
创建一对InputChannel,这一对InputChannel中实现了一组全双工管道及申请共享内存,其中outInputChannel为ViewRoot传递来的
InputChannel对象,在addWindow中对其进行赋值。如此两者利用pipe建立控制通道,利用共享内存建立数据通道。
这是涉及到的文件如下:
frameworks/base/service/java/com/android/server/WindowManagerService.java
frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/ViewRoot.java
--> jni android_view_InputChannel.cpp
--> InputTransport.cpp
B、InputChannel的注册过程
一个管道通信只是对应一个Activity的事件处理,也就是当前系统中有多少个Activity就会有多少个全双工管道,那么系统需要一个管理者来管理以及调度每一个管道通信,因此我们在创建完InputChannel对象后,需要将其注册到这个InputManager管理中。
采用Looper来轮询是否有事件发生,InputManager启动了2个进程来管理事件发生与传递,InputReaderThread和InputDispatcherThread,InputReaderThread进程负责轮询事件发生; InputDispatcherThread负责dispatch事件。
2、数据处理流程:
Eventhub 从设备/dev/input/eventX中读取数据:
bool EventHub::getEvent(RawEvent* outEvent)
{
int pollResult = poll(mFDs, mFDCount, -1);
if (pfd.revents & POLLIN) {
int32_t readSize = read(pfd.fd, mInputBufferData,
sizeof(struct input_event) * INPUT_BUFFER_SIZE);
...
}
InputReader 根据mapper处理不同的数据,这里有SwitchInputMapper、KeyboardInputMapper,TrackballInputMapper,TouchInputMapper,MouseInputMapper 等处理mapper过滤数据
void InputReader::loopOnce() {
RawEvent rawEvent;
mEventHub->getEvent(& rawEvent);
process(& rawEvent);
}
void InputReader::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
switch (rawEvent->type) {
case EventHubInterface::DEVICE_ADDED:
addDevice(rawEvent->deviceId);
break;
case EventHubInterface::DEVICE_REMOVED:
removeDevice(rawEvent->deviceId);
break;
case EventHubInterface::FINISHED_DEVICE_SCAN:
handleConfigurationChanged(rawEvent->when);
break;
default:
consumeEvent(rawEvent);
break;
}
}
分别通过:
virtual void notifyKey(nsecs_t eventTime, int32_t deviceId, int32_t source,
uint32_t policyFlags, int32_t action, int32_t flags, int32_t keyCode,
int32_t scanCode, int32_t metaState, nsecs_t downTime) = 0;
virtual void notifyMotion(nsecs_t eventTime, int32_t deviceId, int32_t source,
uint32_t policyFlags, int32_t action, int32_t flags,
int32_t metaState, int32_t edgeFlags,
uint32_t pointerCount, const int32_t* pointerIds, const PointerCoords* pointerCoords,
float xPrecision, float yPrecision, nsecs_t downTime) = 0;
virtual void notifySwitch(nsecs_t when,
int32_t switchCode, int32_t switchValue, uint32_t policyFlags) = 0;
将数据回调给inputDisplatcher模块
inputDispatcherThread的主要操作是分两块同时进行的,
一部分是对InputReader传递过来的事件进行dispatch前处理,比如确定focuswindow,特殊按键处理如HOME/ENDCALL等,在预处理完成 后,InputDispatcher会将事件存储到对应的focuswindow的outBoundQueue,这个outBoundQueue队列是InputDispatcher::Connection的成员函数,因此它是和ViewRoot相关的。
一部分是对looper的轮询,这个轮询过程是检查NativeInputQueue是否处理完成上一个事件,如果NativeInputQueue处理完成事件,它就会向通过管道向InputDispatcher发送消息指示consume完成,只有NativeInputQueueconsume完成一个事件,InputDispatcher才会向共享内存写入另一个事件。
这里主要用到了两个Queue队列:
Queue<DispatchEntry> outboundQueue; 利用handleReceiveCallback 处理收到的数据
利用inputPublisher中的publishKeyEvent及publishMotionEvent将event写入到共享内存中。
Queue<EventEntry> mInboundQueue; 处理notify回调来的数据
针对客户端数据处理逻辑:
InputConsumer 用于消费数据 (InputChannel.cpp中),其中核心的函数是:
status_t InputConsumer::consume(InputEventFactoryInterface* factory, InputEvent** outEvent) {
switch (mSharedMessage->type) {
case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY: {
KeyEvent* keyEvent = factory->createKeyEvent();
if (! keyEvent) return NO_MEMORY;
populateKeyEvent(keyEvent);
*outEvent = keyEvent;
break;
}
case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION: {
MotionEvent* motionEvent = factory->createMotionEvent();
if (! motionEvent) return NO_MEMORY;
populateMotionEvent(motionEvent);
*outEvent = motionEvent;
break;
}
...
}
JNI 函数处理数据: android_view_InputQueue.cpp
int NativeInputQueue::handleReceiveCallback(int receiveFd, int events, void* data) {
/* 先收到信号 */
status_t status = connection->inputConsumer.receiveDispatchSignal();
/* 再处理数据 */
status = connection->inputConsumer.consume(& connection->inputEventFactory, & inputEvent);
/* 转换成java对象native数据 */
android_view_KeyEvent_fromNative 及 android_view_MotionEvent_fromNative
/* 回调数据给Java层*/
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
dispatchMethodId, inputHandlerObjLocal, inputEventObj,
jlong(finishedToken));
}
对于最后C++调用Java的方法说明一下:
首先注册两个方法:
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
dispatchMethodId, inputHandlerObjLocal, inputEventObj,
jlong(finishedToken));
GET_STATIC_METHOD_ID(gInputQueueClassInfo.dispatchKeyEvent, gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
"dispatchKeyEvent",
"(Landroid/view/InputHandler;Landroid/view/KeyEvent;J)V");
GET_STATIC_METHOD_ID(gInputQueueClassInfo.dispatchMotionEvent, gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
"dispatchMotionEvent",
"(Landroid/view/InputHandler;Landroid/view/MotionEvent;J)V");
然后在InputQueue.java中有这两个方法的定义:
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
dispatchMethodId, inputHandlerObjLocal, inputEventObj,
jlong(finishedToken));
private static void dispatchKeyEvent(InputHandler inputHandler,
KeyEvent event, long finishedToken) {
Runnable finishedCallback = FinishedCallback.obtain(finishedToken);
inputHandler.handleKey(event, finishedCallback);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static void dispatchMotionEvent(InputHandler inputHandler,
MotionEvent event, long finishedToken) {
Runnable finishedCallback = FinishedCallback.obtain(finishedToken);
inputHandler.handleMotion(event, finishedCallback);
}
env->CallStaticVoidMethod(gInputQueueClassInfo.clazz,
dispatchMethodId, inputHandlerObjLocal, inputEventObj,
jlong(finishedToken));
handleKey最后由InputHandler 处理keyevent及motionevent事件
客户端数据回调机制:
对于每个客户端注册了一个InputChannel
status_t NativeInputQueue::registerInputChannel(JNIEnv* env, jobject inputChannelObj,
添加notify回调函数
looper->addFd(receiveFd, 0, ALOOPER_EVENT_INPUT, handleReceiveCallback, this);