scp的用法

1.在linux 环境下，使用man SCP 将有如下帮助。

NAME

     scp — secure copy (remote file copy program)

SYNOPSIS
     scp [-12346BCpqrv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program] [[user@]host1:]file1 ...
         [[user@]host2:]file2

DESCRIPTION
     scp copies files between hosts on a network.  It uses ssh(1) for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the same secu‐
     rity as ssh(1).  Unlike rcp(1), scp will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for authentication.

     File names may contain a user and host specification to indicate that the file is to be copied to/from that host.  Local file names can be
     made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames to avoid scp treating file names containing ‘:’ as host specifiers.  Copies between two
     remote hosts are also permitted.

     The options are as follows:

     -1      Forces scp to use protocol 1.

     -2      Forces scp to use protocol 2.

     -3      Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host.  Without this option the data is copied directly between the
             two remote hosts.  Note that this option disables the progress meter.

     -4      Forces scp to use IPv4 addresses only.

     -6      Forces scp to use IPv6 addresses only.

     -B      Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).

     -C      Compression enable.  Passes the -C flag to ssh(1) to enable compression.

     -c cipher
             Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer.  This option is directly passed to ssh(1).

     -F ssh_config

  -i identity_file
             Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key authentication is read.  This option is directly passed to
             ssh(1).

     -l limit
             Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.

     -o ssh_option
             Can be used to pass options to ssh in the format used in ssh_config(5).  This is useful for specifying options for which there is no
             separate scp command-line flag.  For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see ssh_config(5).

                   AddressFamily
                   BatchMode
                   BindAddress
                   ChallengeResponseAuthentication
                   CheckHostIP
                   Cipher
                   Ciphers
                   Compression
                   CompressionLevel
                   ConnectionAttempts
                   ConnectTimeout
                   ControlMaster
                   ControlPath
                   GlobalKnownHostsFile
                   GSSAPIAuthentication
                   GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
                   HashKnownHosts
                   Host
                   HostbasedAuthentication
                   HostKeyAlgorithms
                   HostKeyAlias
                   HostName
                   IdentityFile
 IdentitiesOnly
                   IPQoS
                   KbdInteractiveDevices
                   KexAlgorithms
                   LogLevel
                   MACs
                   NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
                   NumberOfPasswordPrompts
                   PasswordAuthentication
                   PKCS11Provider
                   Port
                   PreferredAuthentications
                   Protocol
                   ProxyCommand
                   PubkeyAuthentication
                   RekeyLimit
                   RhostsRSAAuthentication
                   RSAAuthentication
                   SendEnv
                   ServerAliveInterval
                   ServerAliveCountMax
                   StrictHostKeyChecking
                   TCPKeepAlive
                   UsePrivilegedPort
                   User
                   UserKnownHostsFile
                   VerifyHostKeyDNS

 -P port
             Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.  Note that this option is written with a capital ‘P’, because -p is already
             reserved for preserving the times and modes of the file in rcp(1).

     -p      Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the original file.

     -q      Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic messages from ssh(1).

     -r      Recursively copy entire directories.  Note that scp follows symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.

     -S program
             Name of program to use for the encrypted connection.  The program must understand ssh(1) options.

     -v      Verbose mode.  Causes scp and ssh(1) to print debugging messages about their progress.  This is helpful in debugging connection,
             authentication, and configuration problems.

2. 具体用法

1）从本地到远程PC

命令格式：scp 【本地用户名@IP地址:】文件名 1 远程用户名 @IP 地址 : 文件名 2

【】 内的内容是可选项

参数：

-v 和大多数 linux 命令中的 -v 意思一样 , 用来显示进度 . 可以用来查看连接 , 认证 , 或是配置错误 .

-C 使能压缩选项 .

-P 选择端口 . 注意 -p 已经被 rcp 使用 . 　　

-4 强行使用 IPV4 地址 . 　　

-6 强行使用 IPV6 地址 . 　　

-r 递归拷贝整个目录（Recursively copy entire directories.）

例如：scp file1 [email protected]:/kuangjp/file2 (将本地file1 文件的内容复制到远程PC /kuangjp/file2)

2）从远程到本地

命令格式：scp 远程用户名@IP地址:文件名 1  本地路径

参数与1） 一致

3）ssh-keygen

　　产生公开钥 (pulib key) 和私人钥 (private key)，以保障 ssh 联机的安性， 当 ssh 连 shd 服务器，会交换公开钥上，系统会检查 /etc/ssh_know_hosts 内储存的 key，如果找到 客户端就用这个 key 产生一个随机产生的session key 传给服务器，两端都用这个 key 来继续完成 ssh 剩下来的阶段。

#ssh-keygen -t rsa

　　它会产生 id_rsa.pub、id_rsa 两个档案，私人钥存放于id_rsa，公开钥 存放于 id_rsa.pub 中，接下来使用 scp 将 id_rsa.pub copy 到远程机器的家目录下.ssh下的authorized_keys。 .ssh/authorized_keys(这个 authorized_keys 档案相当于协议的 rhosts 档案)， 之后使用者能够不用密码去登入。RSA的认证绝对是比 rhosts 认证更来的安全可靠。 　　

执行： 　　scp id_rsa.pub .tw:.ssh/authorized_keys 　　若在使用 ssh-keygen 产生钥匙对时没有输入密码，则如上所示不需输入密码即可从 去登入 在此，这里输入的密码可以跟帐号的密码不同，也可以不输入密码。

参考：http://baike.baidu.com/view/18809.htm