boost asio 异步实现tcp通讯

一、前言

boost asio可算是一个简单易用，功能又强大可跨平台的C++通讯库，效率也表现的不错，linux环境是epoll实现的，而windows环境是iocp实现的。而tcp通讯是项目当中经常用到通讯方式之一，实现的方法有各式各样，因此总结一套适用于自己项目的方法是很有必要，很可能下一个项目直接套上去就可以用了。

二、实现思路

1.通讯包数据结构

Tag：检查数据包是否合法，具体会在下面讲解；

Length：描述Body的长度；

Command：表示数据包的类型，0表示心跳包（长连接需要心跳来检测连接是否正常），1表示注册包（客户端连接上服务器之后要将相关信息注册给服务器），2表示业务消息包；

business_type：业务消息包类型，服务器会根据业务消息包类型将数据路由到对应的客户端（客户端是有业务类型分类的）；

app_id：客户端唯一标识符；

Data：消息数据；

2.连接对象

客户端连接上服务器之后，双方都会产生一个socket连接对象，通过这个对象可以收发数据，因此我定义为socket_session。

//socket_session.h

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <hash_map>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <firebird/log/logger_log4.hpp>
#include <firebird/detail/config.hpp>
#include <firebird/socket_utils/message_archive.hpp>

using boost::asio::ip::tcp;

namespace firebird{
	enum command{ heartbeat = 0, regist, normal};

	const std::string tag = "KDS";

	class FIREBIRD_DECL socket_session;
	typedef boost::shared_ptr<socket_session> socket_session_ptr;

	class FIREBIRD_DECL socket_session:
		public boost::enable_shared_from_this<socket_session>,
		private boost::noncopyable
	{
	public:
		typedef boost::function<void(socket_session_ptr)> close_callback;
		typedef boost::function<void(
			const boost::system::error_code&, 
			socket_session_ptr, message&)> read_data_callback;

		socket_session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service);
		~socket_session(void);

		DWORD id() { return m_id; }
		WORD get_business_type(){ return m_business_type; }
		void set_business_type(WORD type) { m_business_type = type; }
		DWORD get_app_id(){ return m_app_id; }
		void set_app_id(DWORD app_id) { m_app_id = app_id; }
		std::string& get_remote_addr() { return m_name; }
		void set_remote_addr(std::string& name) { m_name = name; }
		tcp::socket& socket() { return m_socket; }

		void installCloseCallBack(close_callback cb){ close_cb = cb; }
		void installReadDataCallBack(read_data_callback cb) { read_data_cb = cb; }

		void start();
		void close();
		void async_write(const std::string& sMsg);
		void async_write(message& msg);

		bool is_timeout();
		void set_op_time(){std::time(&m_last_op_time);}

	private:
		static boost::detail::atomic_count m_last_id;

		DWORD m_id;
		WORD  m_business_type;
		DWORD m_app_id;
		std::string m_name;
		boost::array<char, 7> sHeader;
		std::string sBody;

		tcp::socket m_socket;
		boost::asio::io_service& m_io_service;

		std::time_t m_last_op_time;

		close_callback close_cb;
		read_data_callback read_data_cb;

		//发送消息
		void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& e, 
			std::size_t bytes_transferred, std::string* pmsg);

		//读消息头
		void handle_read_header(const boost::system::error_code& error);
		//读消息体
		void handle_read_body(const boost::system::error_code& error);

		void handle_close();
	};
}

这里注意的是，定义了一个tag="KDS"，目的是为了检查收到的数据包是否有效，每一个数据包前3个字节不为“KDS”，那么就认为是非法的请求包，你也可以定义tag等于其它字符串，只要按协议发包就正常，当然这是比较简单的数据包检查方法了。比较严谨的方法是双方使用哈希算法来检查的，怎么做，这里先不做详解。

//socket_session.cpp

#include "socket_session.h"

namespace firebird{
	boost::detail::atomic_count socket_session::m_last_id(0);

	socket_session::socket_session(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv)
		:m_io_service(io_srv), m_socket(io_srv), 
		m_business_type(0), m_app_id(0)
	{
		m_id = ++socket_session::m_last_id;
	}

	socket_session::~socket_session(void)
	{
		m_socket.close();
	}

	void socket_session::start()
	{
		m_socket.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::linger(true, 0));
		m_socket.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::keep_alive(true));
		std::time(&m_last_op_time);
		const boost::system::error_code error;
		handle_read_header(error);
	}

	void socket_session::handle_close()
	{
		try{
			m_socket.close();
			close_cb(shared_from_this());
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}

	void socket_session::close()
	{			
		//由于回调中有加锁的情况，必须提交到另外一个线程去做，不然会出现死锁
		m_io_service.post(boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_close, shared_from_this()));
	}

	static int connection_timeout = 60;

	bool socket_session::is_timeout()
	{
		std::time_t now;
		std::time(&now);	
		return now - m_last_op_time > connection_timeout;
	}

	//读消息头
	void socket_session::handle_read_header(const boost::system::error_code& error)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "enter.");

		try{
			if(error)
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
				close();
				return;
			}

			std::string data;
			data.swap(sBody);
			boost::asio::async_read(m_socket, 
				boost::asio::buffer(sHeader),
				boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_read_body, shared_from_this(),
				boost::asio::placeholders::error));

			if (data.length() > 0 && data != "")
			{//读到数据回调注册的READ_DATA函数
				message msg;
				message_iarchive(msg, data);

				read_data_cb(error, shared_from_this(), msg);
			}
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
			close();
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
			close();
		}
	}

	//读消息体
	void socket_session::handle_read_body(const boost::system::error_code& error)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "enter.");

		try{
			if(error)
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
				close();
				return;
			}

			if (tag.compare(0, tag.length(), sHeader.data(), 0, tag.length()))
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO <<  "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[这是个非法连接!]");
				close();
				return;
			}

			DWORD dwLength = 0;

			char* len = (char*)&dwLength;
			memcpy(len, &sHeader[tag.length()], sizeof(dwLength));

			sBody.resize(dwLength);
			char* pBody = &sBody[0];

			boost::asio::async_read(m_socket, 
				boost::asio::buffer(pBody, dwLength),
				boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_read_header, shared_from_this(),
				boost::asio::placeholders::error));
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
			close();
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
			close();
		}
	}

	void socket_session::handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error, 
		std::size_t bytes_transferred, std::string* pmsg)
	{
		//数据发送成功就销毁
		if (pmsg != NULL)
		{
			delete pmsg;
		}

		if(error)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
			close();
			return;
		}
	}

	void socket_session::async_write(const std::string& sMsg)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "enter.")

		try
		{
			DWORD dwLength = sMsg.size();
			char* pLen = (char*)&dwLength;

			//由于是异步发送，要保证数据发送完整时，才把数据销毁
			std::string* msg = new std::string();
			msg->append(tag);
			msg->append(pLen, sizeof(dwLength));
			msg->append(sMsg);

			boost::asio::async_write(m_socket,boost::asio::buffer(*msg, msg->size()), 
				boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_write, shared_from_this(),
				boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred,
				msg));

		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
			close();
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
			close();
		}
	}

	void socket_session::async_write(message& msg)
	{
		std::string data;
		message_oarchive(data, msg);
		
		async_write(data);
	}
}

接受数据时，socket_session会先读取7个字节的head，比较前3个字节“KDS”，然后取得4个字节的Length，再读出Length长度的数据，最后将该数据传给read_data_cb回调函数处理，read_data_cb回调函数是在外部注册的。

3.连接管理器

对于服务器来说，它同时服务多个客户端，为了有效的管理，因此需要一个连接管理器，我定义为session_manager。session_manager主要是对socket_session的增删改查，和有效性检查。

//session_manager.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "filter_container.h"
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/member.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp>
#include <boost/typeof/typeof.hpp>
#include <boost/random.hpp>
#include <boost/pool/detail/singleton.hpp>

namespace firebird{
	template<typename T>
	class var_gen_wraper
	{
	public:
		var_gen_wraper(): gen(boost::mt19937((boost::int32_t)std::time(0)), 
			boost::uniform_smallint<>(1, 100)) {}
		typename T::result_type operator() () { return gen(); }
	private:
		T gen;
	};

	struct  session_stu
	{
		DWORD	id;
		WORD	business_type;
		std::string address;
		DWORD	app_id;
		socket_session_ptr session;
	};

	struct sid{};
	struct sbusiness_type{};
	struct saddress{};
	struct sapp_id{};

	enum session_idx_member{ session_id = 0, session_business_type, session_address, app_id};
#define CLIENT 0
#define SERVER 1

	typedef boost::multi_index::multi_index_container<
		session_stu, 
		boost::multi_index::indexed_by<
		boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<
		boost::multi_index::tag<sid>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, DWORD, id)>,
		boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
		boost::multi_index::tag<sbusiness_type>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, WORD, business_type)>,
		boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
		boost::multi_index::tag<saddress>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, std::string, address)>,
		boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
		boost::multi_index::tag<sapp_id>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, DWORD, app_id)>
		>
	> session_set;

#define MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) boost::multi_index::index<session_set,Tag>::type&
#define MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag) boost::multi_index::index<session_set,Tag>::type::iterator

	struct is_business_type {
		is_business_type(WORD type)
			:m_type(type)
		{

		}
		bool operator()(const session_stu& s) 
		{
			return (s.business_type == m_type);
		}

		WORD m_type;
	};

	class session_manager
	{
	public:
		typedef boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> readLock;
		typedef boost:: unique_lock<boost::shared_mutex> writeLock;

		session_manager(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv, int type, int expires_time);
		~session_manager();

		void add_session(socket_session_ptr p);
		void update_session(socket_session_ptr p);

		template<typename Tag, typename Member>
		void del_session(Member m)
		{
			writeLock lock(m_mutex);
			if (m_sessions.empty())
			{
				return ;
			}

			MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);
			//BOOST_AUTO(idx, boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions));
			BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(m));

			if (iter != idx.end())
			{
				idx.erase(iter);
			}
		}

		//获取容器中的第一个session
		template<typename Tag, typename Member>
		socket_session_ptr get_session(Member m)
		{
			readLock lock(m_mutex);

			if (m_sessions.empty())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);
			BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(m));
			return iter != boost::end(idx) ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
		}

		//随机获取容器中的session
		template<typename Tag>
		socket_session_ptr get_session_by_business_type(WORD m)
		{
			typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
			readLock lock(m_mutex);

			if (m_sessions.empty())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

			//对容器的元素条件过滤
			is_business_type predicate(m);
			FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
			FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

			if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			//typedef boost::variate_generator<boost::mt19937, boost::uniform_smallint<>> var_gen;
			//typedef boost::details::pool::singleton_default<var_gen_wraper<var_gen>> s_var_gen;
			////根据随机数产生session
			//s_var_gen::object_type &gen = s_var_gen::instance();
			//int step = gen() % fc.szie();

			int step = m_next_session % fc.szie();
			++m_next_session;

			for (int i = 0; i < step; ++i)
			{
				iter++;
			}

			return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
		}

		//根据类型和地址取session
		template<typename Tag>
		socket_session_ptr get_session_by_type_ip(WORD m, std::string& ip)
		{
			typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
			readLock lock(m_mutex);

			if (m_sessions.empty())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

			//对容器的元素条件过滤
			is_business_type predicate(m);
			FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
			FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

			if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			while (iter != fc.end())
			{
				if (iter->session->get_remote_addr().find(ip) != std::string::npos)
				{
					break;
				}

				iter++;
			}

			return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
		}

		//根据类型和app_id取session
		template<typename Tag>
		socket_session_ptr get_session_by_type_appid(WORD m, DWORD app_id)
		{
			typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
			readLock lock(m_mutex);

			if (m_sessions.empty())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

			//对容器的元素条件过滤
			is_business_type predicate(m);
			FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
			FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

			if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
			{
				return socket_session_ptr();
			}

			while (iter != fc.end())
			{
				if (iter->session->get_app_id() == app_id)
				{
					break;
				}

				iter++;
			}

			return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
		}

	private:
		int m_type;
		int m_expires_time;
		boost::asio::io_service& m_io_srv;
		boost::asio::deadline_timer m_check_tick;
		boost::shared_mutex m_mutex;
		unsigned short m_next_session;

		session_set m_sessions;

		void check_connection();
	};
}

这里主要用到了boost的multi_index容器，这是一个非常有用方便的容器，可实现容器的多列索引，具体的使用方法，在这里不多做详解。

//session_manager.cpp

#include "session_manager.h"

namespace firebird{
	session_manager::session_manager(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv, int type, int expires_time)
		:m_io_srv(io_srv), m_check_tick(io_srv), m_type(type), m_expires_time(expires_time),m_next_session(0)
	{
		check_connection();
	}

	session_manager::~session_manager()
	{

	}

	//检查服务器所有session的连接状态
	void session_manager::check_connection()
	{
		try{
			writeLock lock(m_mutex);

			session_set::iterator iter = m_sessions.begin();
			while (iter != m_sessions.end())
			{
				LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "循环");
				if (CLIENT == m_type)//客户端的方式
				{
					if (!iter->session->socket().is_open())//已断开，删除已断开的连接
					{
						LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, "重新连接[" << iter->address << "]");
						iter->session->close(); //通过关闭触发客户端重连
					}
					else{//连接中，发送心跳
						message msg;
						msg.command = heartbeat;
						msg.business_type = iter->session->get_business_type();
						msg.app_id = iter->session->get_app_id();
						msg.data() = "H";

						iter->session->async_write(msg);
						iter->session->set_op_time();
					}
				}
				else if (SERVER == m_type)//服务器的方式
				{
					if (!iter->session->socket().is_open())//已断开，删除已断开的连接
					{
						LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "删除已关闭的session:[" << iter->session->get_remote_addr() << "]");
						iter = m_sessions.erase(iter);
						continue;
					}
					else{//连接中，设定每30秒检查一次
						if (iter->session->is_timeout()) //如果session已长时间没操作，则关闭
						{
							LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "删除已超时的session:[" << iter->session->get_remote_addr() << "]");
							iter->session->close();//通过关闭触发删除session
						}
					}

					iter->session->set_op_time();
				}
				else{
					LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "unknown manager_type");
				}
				++iter;
			}

			LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "定时检查");
			m_check_tick.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(m_expires_time));
			m_check_tick.async_wait(boost::bind(&session_manager::check_connection, this));
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "unknown exception.");
		}
	}

	void session_manager::add_session(socket_session_ptr p)
	{
		writeLock lock(m_mutex);
		session_stu stuSession;
		stuSession.id = p->id();
		stuSession.business_type = 0;
		stuSession.address = p->get_remote_addr();
		stuSession.app_id = p->get_app_id();
		stuSession.session = p;
		m_sessions.insert(stuSession);
	}

	void session_manager::update_session(socket_session_ptr p)
	{
		writeLock lock(m_mutex);
		if (m_sessions.empty())
		{
			return ;
		}

		MULTI_MEMBER_CON(sid) idx = boost::multi_index::get<sid>(m_sessions);
		BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(p->id()));

		if (iter != idx.end())
		{
			const_cast<session_stu&>(*iter).business_type = p->get_business_type();
			const_cast<session_stu&>(*iter).app_id = p->get_app_id();
		}
	}
}

这个时候，我就可以使用id、business_type、address、app_id当做key来索引socket_session了，单使用map容器是做不到的。

还有索引时，需要的一个条件过滤器

//filter_container.h

#pragma once
#include <boost/iterator/filter_iterator.hpp>

namespace firebird{
	template <class Predicate, class Iterator>
	class filter_container
	{
	public:
		typedef boost::filter_iterator<Predicate, Iterator> FilterIter;

		filter_container(Predicate p, Iterator begin, Iterator end)
			:m_begin(p, begin, end),
			m_end(p, end, end)
		{

		}
		~filter_container() {}

		FilterIter begin() { return m_begin; }
		FilterIter end()   { return m_end; }
		int szie() {
			int i = 0;
			FilterIter fi = m_begin;
			while(fi != m_end)
			{
				++i;
				++fi;
			}

			return i;
		}

	private:
		FilterIter m_begin;
		FilterIter m_end;
	};
}

4.服务器端的实现

服务器我定义为server_socket_utils，拥有一个session_manager，每当accept成功得到一个socket_session时，都会将其增加到session_manager去管理，注册相关回调函数。

read_data_callback   接收到数据的回调函数

收到数据之后，也就是数据包的body部分，反序列化出command、business_type、app_id和data（我使用到了thrift），如果command==normal正常的业务包，会调用handle_read_data传入data。

close_callback 关闭socket_session触发的回调函数

根据id将该连接从session_manager中删除掉

//server_socket_utils.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "session_manager.h"
#include <boost/format.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/message.hpp>

namespace firebird{
	using boost::asio::ip::tcp;

	class FIREBIRD_DECL server_socket_utils
	{
	private:
		boost::asio::io_service m_io_srv;
		boost::asio::io_service::work m_work;
		tcp::acceptor m_acceptor;

		void handle_accept(socket_session_ptr session, const boost::system::error_code& error);

		void close_callback(socket_session_ptr session);
		void read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e, 
			socket_session_ptr session, message& msg);

	protected:
		virtual void handle_read_data(message& msg, socket_session_ptr pSession) = 0;

	public:
		server_socket_utils(int port);
		~server_socket_utils(void);

		void start();
		boost::asio::io_service& get_io_service() { return m_io_srv; }

		session_manager m_manager;
	};
}

//server_socket_utils.cpp

#include "server_socket_utils.h"

namespace firebird{
	server_socket_utils::server_socket_utils(int port)
		:m_work(m_io_srv),
		m_acceptor(m_io_srv, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)),
		m_manager(m_io_srv, SERVER, 3)
	{
		//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::reuse_address(true));
		//// 关闭连接前留0秒给客户接收数据
		//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::linger(true, 0));
		//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::no_delay(true));
		//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::keep_alive(true));
		//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::receive_buffer_size(16384));
	}

	server_socket_utils::~server_socket_utils(void)
	{
	}

	void server_socket_utils::start()
	{
		try{
			socket_session_ptr new_session(new socket_session(m_io_srv));
			m_acceptor.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
				boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::handle_accept, this, new_session,
				boost::asio::placeholders::error));
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}

	void server_socket_utils::handle_accept(socket_session_ptr session, const boost::system::error_code& error)
	{
		if (!error)
		{
			try{
				socket_session_ptr new_session(new socket_session(m_io_srv));
				m_acceptor.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
					boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::handle_accept, this, new_session,
					boost::asio::placeholders::error));

				if (session != NULL)
				{
					//注册关闭回调函数
					session->installCloseCallBack(boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::close_callback, this, _1));
					//注册读到数据回调函数
					session->installReadDataCallBack(boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::read_data_callback, this, _1, _2, _3));

					boost::format fmt("%1%:%2%");
					fmt % session->socket().remote_endpoint().address().to_string();
					fmt % session->socket().remote_endpoint().port();
					session->set_remote_addr(fmt.str());

					session->start();
					m_manager.add_session(session);
				}
			}
			catch(std::exception& e)
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
			}
			catch(...)
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
			}

		}
	}

	void server_socket_utils::close_callback(socket_session_ptr session)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "close_callback");
		try{
			m_manager.del_session<sid>(session->id());
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}

	}

	void server_socket_utils::read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e, 
		socket_session_ptr session, message& msg)
	{
		try{
			LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "command =[" << msg.command << "],[" 
				<< msg.business_type << "],[" << msg.data() << "]");

			if (msg.command == heartbeat)
			{//心跳
				session->async_write(msg);
			}
			else if (msg.command == regist)
			{//注册
				session->set_business_type(msg.business_type);
				session->set_app_id(msg.app_id);
				m_manager.update_session(session);

				session->async_write(msg);
				LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr() << "],服务器类型:[" <<
					session->get_business_type() << "],服务器ID:[" << session->get_app_id() << "]注册成功!");
			}
			else if (msg.command == normal)
			{//业务数据
				handle_read_data(msg, session);
			}
			else 
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "收到非法消息包!");
			}
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}
}

5.客户端

客户端与服务器的逻辑也差不多，区别就是在于客户端通过connect得到socket_session，而服务器是通过accept得到socket_session。

//client_socket_utils.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "session_manager.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/message.hpp>

namespace firebird{
	class FIREBIRD_DECL client_socket_utils
	{
	public:
		client_socket_utils();
		~client_socket_utils();

		void session_connect(std::vector<socket_session_ptr>& vSession);
		void session_connect(socket_session_ptr pSession);
		//socket_session_ptr get_session(std::string& addr);
		boost::asio::io_service& get_io_service() { return m_io_srv; }

	protected:
		virtual void handle_read_data(message& msg, socket_session_ptr pSession) = 0;

	private:
		boost::asio::io_service m_io_srv;
		boost::asio::io_service::work m_work;
		session_manager m_manager;

		void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error,
			tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator, socket_session_ptr pSession);

		void close_callback(socket_session_ptr session);
		void read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e, 
			socket_session_ptr session, message& msg);
	};
}

//client_socket_utils.cpp

#include "client_socket_utils.h"

namespace firebird{
	client_socket_utils::client_socket_utils()
		:m_work(m_io_srv), m_manager(m_io_srv, CLIENT, 3)
	{
	}

	client_socket_utils::~client_socket_utils()
	{
	}

	void client_socket_utils::session_connect(std::vector<socket_session_ptr>& vSession)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < vSession.size(); ++i)
		{
			session_connect(vSession[i]);
		}
	}

	void client_socket_utils::session_connect(socket_session_ptr pSession)
	{
		std::string& addr = pSession->get_remote_addr();
		try{
			//注册关闭回调函数
			pSession->installCloseCallBack(boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::close_callback, this, _1));
			//注册读到数据回调函数
			pSession->installReadDataCallBack(boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::read_data_callback, this, _1, _2, _3));

			std::vector<std::string> ip_port;
			boost::split(ip_port, addr, boost::is_any_of(":"));

			if (ip_port.size() < 2)
			{
				//throw std::runtime_error("ip 格式不正确！");
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "[" << addr << "] ip 格式不正确!");
				return;
			}

			tcp::resolver resolver(pSession->socket().get_io_service());
			tcp::resolver::query query(ip_port[0], ip_port[1]);
			tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = resolver.resolve(query);
			//pSession->set_begin_endpoint(endpoint_iterator);//设置起始地址，以便重连

			//由于客户端是不断重连的，即使还未连接也要保存该session
			m_manager.add_session(pSession);

			tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
			pSession->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
				boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
				boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, pSession));
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << addr << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << addr << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}

	void client_socket_utils::handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error,
		tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator, socket_session_ptr pSession)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << " enter.");
		std::string sLog;
		try{
			if (!error)
			{
				LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "服务器:[" << pSession->get_business_type() <<"],连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]成功!");
				pSession->start();

				//向服务器注册服务类型
				message msg;
				msg.command = regist;
				msg.business_type = pSession->get_business_type();
				msg.app_id = pSession->get_app_id();
				msg.data() = "R";

				pSession->async_write(msg);
			}
			else if (endpoint_iterator != tcp::resolver::iterator())
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]失败，试图重连下一个地址。");
				pSession->socket().close();//此处用socket的close，不应用session的close触发连接，不然会导致一直重连
				tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
				pSession->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
					boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
					boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, pSession));
			}
			else
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]失败！");
				pSession->socket().close();//此处用socket的close，不应用session的close触发连接，不然会导致一直重连
			}
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}

	void client_socket_utils::read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e, 
		socket_session_ptr session, message& msg)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "command =[" << msg.command << "],[" 
			<< msg.business_type << "],[" << msg.data() << "]");

		if (msg.command == heartbeat)
		{//心跳
		}
		else if (msg.command == regist)
		{//注册
			LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "服务器:[" << session->get_business_type() <<"]注册成功。");
		}
		else if (msg.command == normal)
		{//业务数据
			handle_read_data(msg, session);
		}
		else 
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "收到非法消息包!");
		}
	}

	//关闭session就会重连
	void client_socket_utils::close_callback(socket_session_ptr session)
	{
		LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "enter.");

		try{
			//tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = context.session->get_begin_endpoint();

			std::string& addr = session->get_remote_addr();

			std::vector<std::string> ip_port;
			boost::split(ip_port, addr, boost::is_any_of(":"));

			if (ip_port.size() < 2)
			{
				LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "[" << addr << "] ip 格式不正确!");
				return;
			}

			tcp::resolver resolver(session->socket().get_io_service());
			tcp::resolver::query query(ip_port[0], ip_port[1]);
			tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = resolver.resolve(query);

			tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
			session->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
				boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
				boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, session));
		}
		catch(std::exception& e)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
		}
		catch(...)
		{
			LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[未知异常]");
		}
	}
}

5.对象串行化

socket_session发送和接收数据包的时候使用到了对象串行化，我这里是通过thrift实现的，其实boost的serialization库也提供了这样的功能，使用起来更为方便，但我在测试过程中，thrift相比之下性能会高很多，因此就坚持使用thrift了，感兴趣的话可以看我之前写的《使用thrift串行化对象》和《轻量级序列化库boost serialization》。

5.1字符串与thrift对象的相互转换

#pragma once
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <protocol/TProtocol.h>
#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>

namespace firebird{
	using namespace apache::thrift;
	using namespace apache::thrift::transport;
	using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;

	template<typename T>
	void thrift_iserialize(T& stu, std::string& s)
	{
		boost::shared_ptr<TMemoryBuffer> trans(new TMemoryBuffer((uint8_t*)&s[0], s.size()));
		boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> proto(new TBinaryProtocol(trans));
		stu.read(proto.get());
	}

	template<typename T>
	void thrift_oserialize(T& stu, std::string& s)
	{
		boost::shared_ptr<TMemoryBuffer> trans(new TMemoryBuffer());
		boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> proto(new TBinaryProtocol(trans));
		stu.write(proto.get());
		s = trans->getBufferAsString();
	}
}

5.2通过thrift对象，普通的对象与字符串的相互转换

#pragma once

#include "message_archive.hpp"
#include <firebird/archive/thrift_archive.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/TMessage_types.h>

namespace firebird
{
	/*** message to ThriftMessage ***/
	void msg_to_tmsg(TMessage& tmsg, message& msg)
	{
		//设置
		tmsg.command = msg.command;
		tmsg.business_type = msg.business_type;
		tmsg.app_id = msg.app_id;
		//设置context
		tmsg.context.cmdVersion = msg.context().cmdVersion;
		tmsg.context.cpid.swap(msg.context().cpid);
		tmsg.context.remote_ip.swap(msg.context().remote_ip);
		tmsg.context.wSerialNumber = msg.context().wSerialNumber;
		tmsg.context.session_id = msg.context().session_id;

		//设置source
		for (int i = 0; i < msg.source().size(); ++i)
		{
			tmsg.source.push_back(msg.source()[i]);
		}

		//设置destination
		for (int i = 0; i < msg.destination().size(); ++i)
		{
			tmsg.destination.push_back(msg.destination()[i]);
		}

		//设置data
		tmsg.data = msg.data();
	}

	/*** ThriftMessage to message ***/
	void tmsg_to_msg(message& msg, TMessage& tmsg)
	{
		//设置
		msg.command = tmsg.command;
		msg.business_type = tmsg.business_type;
		msg.app_id = tmsg.app_id;

		//设置context
		msg.context().cmdVersion = tmsg.context.cmdVersion;
		msg.context().cpid = tmsg.context.cpid;
		msg.context().remote_ip = tmsg.context.remote_ip;
		msg.context().wSerialNumber = tmsg.context.wSerialNumber;
		msg.context().session_id = tmsg.context.session_id;

		//设置source
		for (int i = 0; i < tmsg.source.size(); ++i)
		{
			msg.source() << tmsg.source[i];
		}

		//设置destination
		for (int i = 0; i < tmsg.destination.size(); ++i)
		{
			msg.destination() << tmsg.destination[i];
		}

		//设置data
		msg.data() = tmsg.data;
	}

	void message_iarchive(message& msg, std::string& s)
	{
		TMessage tmsg;
		thrift_iserialize(tmsg, s);
		tmsg_to_msg(msg, tmsg);
	}

	void message_oarchive(std::string& s, message& msg)
	{
		TMessage tmsg;
		msg_to_tmsg(tmsg, msg);
		thrift_oserialize(tmsg, s);
	}
}