本文基于Mybatis3.2.0版本的代码。
1.org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement
MappedStatement类在Mybatis框架中用于表示XML文件中一个sql语句节点,即一个<select />、<update />或者<insert />标签。Mybatis框架在初始化阶段会对XML配置文件进行读取,将其中的sql语句节点对象化为一个个MappedStatement对象。比如下面这个非常简单的XML mapper文件:
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<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<
mapper
namespace
=
"mybatis.UserDao"
>
<
cache
type
=
"org.mybatis.caches.ehcache.LoggingEhcache"
/>
<
resultMap
id
=
"userResultMap"
type
=
"UserBean"
>
<
id
property
=
"userId"
column
=
"user_id"
/>
<
result
property
=
"userName"
column
=
"user_name"
/>
<
result
property
=
"userPassword"
column
=
"user_password"
/>
<
result
property
=
"createDate"
column
=
"create_date"
/>
</
resultMap
>
<
select
id
=
"find"
parameterType
=
"UserBean"
resultMap
=
"userResultMap"
>
select * from user
<
where
>
<
if
test
=
"userName!=null and userName!=''"
>
and user_name = #{userName}
</
if
>
<
if
test
=
"userPassword!=null and userPassword!=''"
>
and user_password = #{userPassword}
</
if
>
<
if
test
=
"createDate !=null"
>
and create_date = #{createDate}
</
if
>
</
where
>
</
select
>
<!-- 说明mybatis中的sql语句节点和映射的接口中的方法,并不是一一对应的关系,而是独立的,可以取任意不重复的名称 -->
<
select
id
=
"find2"
parameterType
=
"UserBean"
resultMap
=
"userResultMap"
>
select * from user
<
where
>
<
if
test
=
"userName!=null and userName!=''"
>
and user_name = #{userName}
</
if
>
<
if
test
=
"userPassword!=null and userPassword!=''"
>
and user_password = #{userPassword}
</
if
>
<
if
test
=
"createDate !=null"
>
and create_date = #{createDate}
</
if
>
</
where
>
</
select
>
</
mapper
>
|
Mybatis对这个文件的配置读取和解析后,会注册两个MappedStatement对象,分别对应其中id为find和find2的<select />节点,通过org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration类中的getMappedStatement(String id)方法,可以检索到一个特定的MappedStatement。为了区分不同的Mapper文件中的sql节点,其中的String id方法参数,是以Mapper文件的namespace作为前缀,再加上该节点本身的id值。比如上面生成的两个MappedStatement对象在Mybatis框架中的唯一标识分别是mybatis.UserDao.find和mybatis.UserDao.find2。
打开MappedStatement对象的源码,看一下其中的私有属性。
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public
final
class
MappedStatement {
private
String resource;
private
Configuration configuration;
private
String id;
private
Integer fetchSize;
private
Integer timeout;
private
StatementType statementType;
private
ResultSetType resultSetType;
private
SqlSource sqlSource;
private
Cache cache;
private
ParameterMap parameterMap;
private
List<ResultMap> resultMaps;
private
boolean
flushCacheRequired;
private
boolean
useCache;
private
boolean
resultOrdered;
private
SqlCommandType sqlCommandType;
private
KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
private
String[] keyProperties;
private
String[] keyColumns;
private
boolean
hasNestedResultMaps;
private
String databaseId;
private
Log statementLog;
private
LanguageDriver lang;
private
MappedStatement() {
// constructor disabled
}
..........
}
|
我们可以看到其中的属性基本上和xml元素的属性有对应关系,其中比较重要的有表示查询参数的ParameterMap对象,表示sql查询结果映射关系的ResultMap列表resultMaps,当然最重要的还是执行动态sql计算和获取的SqlSource对象。通过这些对象的通力合作,MappedStatement接受用户的查询参数对象,动态计算出要执行的sql语句,在数据库中执行sql语句后,再将取得的数据封装为JavaBean对象返回给用户。MappedStatement对象的这些功能,也体现出了Mybatis这个框架的核心价值,“根据用户提供的查询参数对象,动态执行sql语句,并将结果封装为Java对象”。
2.org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlSource
SqlSource是一个接口类,在MappedStatement对象中是作为一个属性出现的,它的代码如下:
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package
org.apache.ibatis.mapping;
/**
*
* This bean represets the content of a mapped statement read from an XML file
* or an annotation. It creates the SQL that will be passed to the database out
* of the input parameter received from the user.
*
*/
public
interface
SqlSource {
BoundSql getBoundSql(Object parameterObject);
}
|
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package
org.apache.ibatis.scripting.xmltags;
import
java.util.Map;
import
org.apache.ibatis.builder.SqlSourceBuilder;
import
org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import
org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlSource;
import
org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
public
class
DynamicSqlSource
implements
SqlSource {
private
Configuration configuration;
private
SqlNode rootSqlNode;
public
DynamicSqlSource(Configuration configuration, SqlNode rootSqlNode) {
this
.configuration = configuration;
this
.rootSqlNode = rootSqlNode;
}
public
BoundSql getBoundSql(Object parameterObject) {
DynamicContext context =
new
DynamicContext(configuration, parameterObject);
rootSqlNode.apply(context);
SqlSourceBuilder sqlSourceParser =
new
SqlSourceBuilder(configuration);
Class<?> parameterType = parameterObject ==
null
? Object.
class
: parameterObject.getClass();
SqlSource sqlSource = sqlSourceParser.parse(context.getSql(), parameterType, context.getBindings());
BoundSql boundSql = sqlSource.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
for
(Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : context.getBindings().entrySet()) {
boundSql.setAdditionalParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
return
boundSql;
}
}
|
其中的
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rootSqlNode.apply(context);
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这句调用语句,启动了一个非常精密的递归实现的动态计算sql语句的过程,计算过程使用Ognl来根据传入的参数对象计算表达式,生成该次调用过程中实际执行的sql语句。
3.org.apache.ibatis.scripting.xmltags.DynamicContext
DynamicContext类中,有对传入的parameterObject对象进行“map”化处理的部分,也就是说,你传入的pojo对象,会被当作一个键值对数据来源来进行处理,读取这个pojo对象的接口,还是Map对象。从DynamicContext的源码中,能看到很明显的线索。
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import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Map;
import
ognl.OgnlException;
import
ognl.OgnlRuntime;
import
ognl.PropertyAccessor;
import
org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
import
org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
public
class
DynamicContext {
public
static
final
String PARAMETER_OBJECT_KEY =
"_parameter"
;
public
static
final
String DATABASE_ID_KEY =
"_databaseId"
;
static
{
OgnlRuntime.setPropertyAccessor(ContextMap.
class
,
new
ContextAccessor());
}
private
final
ContextMap bindings;
private
final
StringBuilder sqlBuilder =
new
StringBuilder();
private
int
uniqueNumber =
0
;
public
DynamicContext(Configuration configuration, Object parameterObject) {
if
(parameterObject !=
null
&& !(parameterObject
instanceof
Map)) {
MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject);
bindings =
new
ContextMap(metaObject);
}
else
{
bindings =
new
ContextMap(
null
);
}
bindings.put(PARAMETER_OBJECT_KEY, parameterObject);
bindings.put(DATABASE_ID_KEY, configuration.getDatabaseId());
}
public
Map<String, Object> getBindings() {
return
bindings;
}
public
void
bind(String name, Object value) {
bindings.put(name, value);
}
public
void
appendSql(String sql) {
sqlBuilder.append(sql);
sqlBuilder.append(
" "
);
}
public
String getSql() {
return
sqlBuilder.toString().trim();
}
public
int
getUniqueNumber() {
return
uniqueNumber++;
}
static
class
ContextMap
extends
HashMap<String, Object> {
private
static
final
long
serialVersionUID = 2977601501966151582L;
private
MetaObject parameterMetaObject;
public
ContextMap(MetaObject parameterMetaObject) {
this
.parameterMetaObject = parameterMetaObject;
}
@Override
public
Object get(Object key) {
String strKey = (String) key;
if
(
super
.containsKey(strKey)) {
return
super
.get(strKey);
}
if
(parameterMetaObject !=
null
) {
Object object = parameterMetaObject.getValue(strKey);
if
(object !=
null
) {
super
.put(strKey, object);
}
return
object;
}
return
null
;
}
}
static
class
ContextAccessor
implements
PropertyAccessor {
public
Object getProperty(Map context, Object target, Object name)
throws
OgnlException {
Map map = (Map) target;
Object result = map.get(name);
if
(result !=
null
) {
return
result;
}
Object parameterObject = map.get(PARAMETER_OBJECT_KEY);
if
(parameterObject
instanceof
Map) {
return
((Map)parameterObject).get(name);
}
return
null
;
}
public
void
setProperty(Map context, Object target, Object name, Object value)
throws
OgnlException {
Map map = (Map) target;
map.put(name, value);
}
}
}
|
我们都知道,Mybatis中采用了Ognl来计算动态sql语句,DynamicContext类中的这个静态初始块,很好的说明了这一点
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static
{
OgnlRuntime.setPropertyAccessor(ContextMap.
class
,
new
ContextAccessor());
}
|
ContextAccessor也是DynamicContext的内部类,实现了Ognl中的PropertyAccessor接口,为Ognl提供了如何使用ContextMap参数对象的说明,这个类也为整个参数对象“map”化划上了最后一笔。
现在我们能比较清晰的描述一下Mybatis中的参数传递和使用过程了:将传入的参数对象统一封装为ContextMap对象(继承了HashMap对象),然后Ognl运行时环境在动态计算sql语句时,会按照ContextAccessor中描述的Map接口的方式来访问和读取ContextMap对象,获取计算过程中需要的参数。ContextMap对象内部可能封装了一个普通的POJO对象,也可以是直接传递的Map对象,当然从外部是看不出来的,因为都是使用Map的接口来读取数据。
结合一个例子来理解一下:
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@Test
public
void
testSqlSource()
throws
Exception {
String resource =
"mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"
;
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory =
new
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
.build(inputStream);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try
{
Configuration configuration = session.getConfiguration();
MappedStatement mappedStatement = configuration
.getMappedStatement(
"mybatis.UserDao.find2"
);
assertNotNull(mappedStatement);
UserBean param =
new
UserBean();
param.setUserName(
"admin"
);
param.setUserPassword(
"admin"
);
BoundSql boundSql = mappedStatement.getBoundSql(param);
String sql = boundSql.getSql();
Map<String, Object> map =
new
HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put(
"userName"
,
"admin"
);
map.put(
"userPassword"
,
"admin"
);
BoundSql boundSql2 = mappedStatement.getBoundSql(map);
String sql2 = boundSql2.getSql();
assertEquals(sql, sql2);
UserBean bean = session.selectOne(
"mybatis.UserDao.find2"
, map);
assertNotNull(bean);
}
finally
{
session.close();
}
}
|
上面这个Junit测试方法,是我写的一个测试用例中的一小段,其中的UserBean对象,就是一个有三个属性userName,userPassword,createDate的POJO对象,对应的Mapper文件是文章开头给出的配置文件。
第一次测试,我使用的是一个UserBean对象,来获取和计算sql语句,而第二次我是使用了一个HashMap对象,按照属性的名字,我分别设置了两个键值对象,我甚至还直接使用它来启动了一次session对象的查询selectOne。所有这些操作,都是测试通过(绿条)。这充分说明了,Mybatis参数获取过程中,对Map对象和普通POJO对象的无差别化,因为在内部,两者都会被封装,然后通过Map接口来访问!