Android的很多功能都使用到了后台服务,就像Windows应用程序大量依赖后台服务一样。服务的作用无需赘言,Android应用程序是如何实现后台服务的呢。今天写了一个创建和停止后台服务的简单例子,在此提供给大家做参考。当然Android后台服务的实际应用肯定比这个复杂,更为复杂的情况我们今后再做探讨。
ServiceActivity
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">package com.example.androidexample; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; public class ServiceActivity extends Activity { private Button btnStartService; private Button btnStopService; private Intent intent; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); super.setContentView(R.layout.activity_service); intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction("My_Action"); btnStartService = (Button)super.findViewById(R.id.btnStartService); btnStopService = (Button)super.findViewById(R.id.btnStopService); btnStartService.setOnClickListener(startServiceListener); btnStopService.setOnClickListener(stopServiceListener); } OnClickListener startServiceListener = new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub startService(intent); } }; OnClickListener stopServiceListener = new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub stopService(intent); } }; }</span>从这个Activity里我们注意到Activity和Service的关联是通过Intent实现的。通过设置Intent的Action来指定动作的执行者。这里还需要说的一点是关于Service的Manifest.xml配置文件。这里面需要指定Action和Service的类名。
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;"><application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.example.androidexample.ServiceActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <service android:name="com.example.business.FirstService"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="My_Action"></action> </intent-filter> </service> </application></span>
我们使用的布局很简单,就是两个按钮。
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:id="@+id/btnStartService" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/StartService"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btnStopService" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/StopService"/> </LinearLayout></span>
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">package com.example.business; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.widget.Toast; import com.example.androidexample.*; public class FirstService extends Service { @Override public void onCreate() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(); System.out.println("Service is created."); //Toast.makeText(new ServiceActivity(), "Service is created", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onDestroy(); System.out.println("Service is destoryed."); } @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { System.out.println("Service is started."); // TODO Auto-generated method stub return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } }</span>这个类很好理解,是做Service的启动和停止的。注意这里的System.out.println()不是往console里面输出,而是输出在LogCat的消息里面。
点击StartService 和 StopService后我再LogCat上能看到如下消息:
下一个章节我们会讨论