LINUX下安装PHP（CGI模式）和NGINX[转]

LINUX下安装PHP（CGI模式）和NGINX



安装所需依赖

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers


下载源码包

wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz
wget http://www.sfr-fresh.com/unix/www/php-5.2.13.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/pcre-8.01.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz



安装MYSQL

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-debug --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8 --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-big-tables --with-read-line --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --with-pthread --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler

make

make install


安装依赖包

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../



安装PHP（Fast CGI）模式

tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.13 -p1
cd php-5.2.13/


./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp ./php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../


安装PHP扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ../


将/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 中的 extension_dir 值更改为 "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
在其后增加
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
在修改修改为 output_buffering 值为 on

配置eaccelerator加速

cd /var
mkdir eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini


按SHIFT + G到行尾，加入配置信息

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/var/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"


创建WWW用户

groupadd www
useradd -g www www


创建php-fpm管理补丁(php-fpm是fastcgi的管理补丁，通过它可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi

cd /usr/local/php/etc
rm ./php-fpm.conf
vi ./php-fpm.conf



<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

  All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

  <section name="global_options">

    Pid file
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

    Error log file
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

    Log level
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>

    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

    Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

    Set to 'no' to debug fpm
    <value name="daemonize">yes</value>

  </section>

  <workers>

    <section name="pool">

      Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
      <value name="name">default</value>

      Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
      Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
      <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

      <value name="listen_options">

        Set listen(2) backlog
        <value name="backlog">-1</value>

        Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
        In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
        Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
        <value name="owner"></value>
        <value name="group"></value>
        <value name="mode">0666</value>
      </value>

      Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
      <value name="php_defines">
        <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
        <value name="display_errors">0</value>
      </value>

      Unix user of processes
      <value name="user">www</value>

      Unix group of processes
      <value name="group">www</value>

      Process manager settings
      <value name="pm">

        Sets style of controling worker process count.
        Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
        <value name="style">static</value>

        Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
        Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
        Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
        Used with any pm_style.
        <value name="max_children">128</value>

        Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
        <value name="apache_like">

          Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="StartServers">20</value>

          Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

          Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

        </value>

      </value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
      Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

      The log file for slow requests
      <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

      Set open file desc rlimit
      <value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>

      Set max core size rlimit
      <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

      Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
      <value name="chroot"></value>

      Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
      <value name="chdir"></value>

      Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
      If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
      <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

      How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
      Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
      For endless request processing please specify 0
      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
      <value name="max_requests">1024</value>

      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
      <value name="environment">
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
      </value>

    </section>

  </workers>

</configuration>


<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为1，则显示报错信息，默认为500错误
<value name="max_children">128</value>这里更改php-cgi进程数

启动进程

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start


注  ：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数
包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。

开始安装NGINX
先安装pcre库

tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.01
./configure
make
make install


安装NGINX

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.65
cd nginx-0.7.65
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make

make install



创建NGINX配置文件

rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


将以下配置加入其中

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  #charset gb2312;
     
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;
     
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

  server
  {
    listen 80;
    server_name blog.test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /var/html/blog;

    #limit_conn crawler 20;
                           
    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }
   
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires 30d;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires 1h;
    }

    log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log access;
      }

  server
  {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /var/html/www;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;
  }

  server
  {
    listen 80;
    server_name status.test.com;

    location / {
    stub_status on;
    access_log off;
    }
  }
}


在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;


启动NGINX

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx


设置开机启动NGINX

vi /etc/rc.local


加入命令：

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx


完毕~！