.NET WebService的创建、部署、运用

 

－－看看本空间读取上传文件的内容(不保存)－－
       项目要求：(简单点讲)
                        1、客户端通过web站点上传XML，XML文件在web站点首先解析成DataSet，所以上传给WebService只是DataSet，你也可以上传XML文件到WebService服务器，这里以前者为例。
                        2、WebService接收客户端传来的DataSet，将DataSet插入到数据库。
                        3、客户端查询，通过web引用，查询结果返回客户端。

                       -------最先要解决的问题是你要阅读和了解WebService相关的知识------
第一步：创建你的webservice，打开VS2005---新建网站----Asp.Net Web服务---确定
第二步：网站自动给你生成了一个asmx文件----现在你就可以运行这个简单的webservice，之后你就可以看到那个"Hello World"。
                
第一步：创建你的WebSite，就是asp.net站点
//当然开发前,你可以先不新建asp.net站点，我就直接在webservice本地操作，我觉得这样比较好。

1：【上传功能】
第一步：在你的web站点拖入一个上传控件FileUpload，这个控件的作用就是选择本地的xml文件，在本地转化为dataset，你要传给webservice的是dataset。具体代码如下：
//=================客户端上传Xml文件====================
     protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
     {
         //fullfileName获得全路径
         string fullfileName = this.fileUpload.PostedFile.FileName;
         //获得文件名
         fileName = fullfileName.Substring(fullfileName.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
         //文件类型
         string fileType = fullfileName.Substring(fullfileName.LastIndexOf(".") + 1);
         if (this.fileUpload.PostedFile.FileName != null)
         {
             if (fileType.ToLower() == "xml")
             {
                 DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                 ds.ReadXml(fullfileName);

                //调用webService中的方法.
                 myService.getXml(ds);

                 //成功后提示，代码省略
                }
             else
             {
                 //失败后提示，代码省略  
              }
         }
         else
         {
             this.lblMessage.Text = "请选择你要上传的文件,谢谢!";
         }
   }
你在站点上上传了一个dataset，所以webservice就要有一个方法来接收它，代码如下：
//================上传XML文件===================
     [WebMethod]
     public bool getXml(DataSet dataSet)
     //public DataSet getXml(DataSet dataSet)
     {
        //连接数据库，这里面随你怎么连接数据库，只要能连上就可以了。
        DB db = new DB();
         SqlConnection con = db.sqlCon();
         con.Open();

         DataSet c_dataSet = new DataSet();
        
         //将用户传过来的dataSet赋值给c_dataSet.
         c_dataSet = dataSet;
        
         //这里调用了存储过程.
        //读者只要将sp_MVP改为select * from MVP,其它的照例,不用存储管理的话把蓝色那行都删掉.
         SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter("sp_MVP",con);
        sda.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
         SqlCommandBuilder mysqlcommand = new SqlCommandBuilder(sda);
         sda.Update(c_dataSet, "MVP");

         SqlDataAdapter sda1 = new SqlDataAdapter("sp_OtherCompetencies", con);
        sda1.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
         SqlCommandBuilder mysqlcommand1 = new SqlCommandBuilder(sda1);
         sda1.Update(c_dataSet, "OtherCompetencies");

         SqlDataAdapter sda2 = new SqlDataAdapter("sp_OtherCompetency", con);
        sda2.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
         SqlCommandBuilder mysqlcommand2 = new SqlCommandBuilder(sda2);
         sda2.Update(c_dataSet, "OtherCompetency");

         SqlDataAdapter sda3 = new SqlDataAdapter("sp_Publications", con);
        sda3.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
         SqlCommandBuilder mysqlcommand3 = new SqlCommandBuilder(sda3);
         sda3.Update(c_dataSet, "Publications");

         SqlDataAdapter sda4 = new SqlDataAdapter("sp_Publication", con);
        sda4.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
         SqlCommandBuilder mysqlcommand4 = new SqlCommandBuilder(sda4);
         sda4.Update(c_dataSet, "Publication");

         //处理所以的请求(更新).
         c_dataSet.AcceptChanges();

         con.Close();
         return true;
    }
首先要在webservice服务器建立数据库，有五张表MVP,OtherCompetencies......这里webservice要连接数据库了，这里是连接sql2005，o(∩_∩)o...哈哈，我相信这里连接数据库会让你很郁闷的，实在没辙了来找我,^_^
现在就可以试试效果了！当然不可以一下就能成功，多调试！

2：[查询功能]
查询是在webservice里面实现的，代码如下：
     //=================用户查询=====================
     [WebMethod]
     //public DataSet searchData(string mvpguid,string fristname,string lastname)
     public DataSet searchData(string mvpguid)
     {
         //连接数据库
         DB dataBase = new DB();
         SqlConnection con = dataBase.sqlCon();
         con.Open();

         //用户查询得到的将是myDataSet.
         DataSet myDataSet = new DataSet();
         try
         {
             SqlDataAdapter myAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter();

             if (mvpguid != "")
             {
                 //按照用户输入的mvpguid进行查询.
                 myAdapter.SelectCommand = new SqlCommand("select * from MVP where MVPGUID='"+mvpguid+"'", con);
                 SqlCommandBuilder myCB = new SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter);
                 myAdapter.Fill(myDataSet, "MVP");

                 //建立表间关系.
                 SqlDataAdapter myAdapter1 = new SqlDataAdapter("select OtherCompetencies.OtherCompetencies_Id,OtherCompetencies.MVP_Id from MVP,OtherCompetencies where MVP.MVP_Id=OtherCompetencies.MVP_Id and MVP.MVPGUID='" + mvpguid + "'", con);
                 SqlCommandBuilder myCB1 = new SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter1);
                 myAdapter1.Fill(myDataSet, "OtherCompetencies");

                 SqlDataAdapter myAdapter2 = new SqlDataAdapter("select OtherCompetency.OtherCompetencies_Id,OtherCompetency.OtherCompetency_Text from MVP,OtherCompetencies,OtherCompetency where MVP.MVP_Id=OtherCompetencies.MVP_Id and OtherCompetencies.OtherCompetencies_Id=OtherCompetency.OtherCompetencies_Id and MVP.MVPGUID='" + mvpguid + "'", con);
                 SqlCommandBuilder myCB2 = new SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter2);
                 myAdapter2.Fill(myDataSet, "OtherCompetency");

                 SqlDataAdapter myAdapter3 = new SqlDataAdapter("select Publications.Publications_Id,Publications.MVP_Id from Publications,MVP where MVP.MVP_Id=Publications.MVP_Id and MVP.MVPGUID='" + mvpguid + "'", con);
                 SqlCommandBuilder myCB3 = new SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter3);
                 myAdapter3.Fill(myDataSet, "Publications");

                 SqlDataAdapter myAdapter4 = new SqlDataAdapter("select Publication.Publications_Id,Publication.Id,Publication.Title,Publication.Publisher,Publication.DatePublished,Publication.Abstract,Publication.UrlLink from MVP,Publications,Publication where MVP.MVP_Id=Publications.MVP_Id and Publications.Publications_Id=Publication.Publications_Id and MVP.MVPGUID='" + mvpguid + "'", con);
                 SqlCommandBuilder myCB4 = new SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter4);
                 myAdapter4.Fill(myDataSet, "Publication");

                 //Create DataRelation, and add it to the DataSet.
                 DataRelation dr = new DataRelation("MVPToOtherCompetencies", myDataSet.Tables["MVP"].Columns["MVP_Id"],

myDataSet.Tables["OtherCompetencies"].Columns["MVP_Id"]);
                 DataRelation dr1 = new DataRelation("OtherCompetenciesToOtherCompetency", myDataSet.Tables["OtherCompetencies"].Columns

["OtherCompetencies_Id"], myDataSet.Tables["OtherCompetency"].Columns["OtherCompetencies_Id"]);
                 DataRelation dr2 = new DataRelation("MVPToPublications", myDataSet.Tables["MVP"].Columns["MVP_Id"], myDataSet.Tables

["Publications"].Columns["MVP_Id"]);
                 DataRelation dr3 = new DataRelation("PublicationsToPublication", myDataSet.Tables["Publications"].Columns["Publications_Id"],

myDataSet.Tables["Publication"].Columns["Publications_Id"]);
                
                 //获取或设置一个指示DataRelation对象是否嵌套的值.
                 dr.Nested = true;
                 dr1.Nested = true;
                 dr2.Nested = true;
                 dr3.Nested = true;
                
                 //创建关系到集合中
                 myDataSet.Relations.Add(dr);
                 myDataSet.Relations.Add(dr1);
                 myDataSet.Relations.Add(dr2);
                 myDataSet.Relations.Add(dr3);
             }
         }
         catch (SqlException exception)
         {
             return DataError(exception);
         }
         return myDataSet;
     }
     //====================错误信息=======================
     public DataSet DataError(Exception ex)
     {
         DataSet errDS = new DataSet("Errors");
         DataTable errTable = errDS.Tables.Add("Error");
         errTable.Columns.Add("Message");
         errTable.Rows.Add(new Object[] { ex.Message });
         return errDS;
     }
代码有点多，呵呵，然后你在客户端只要引用它的接口就可以了，这样会更好理解一点，代码如下：
//====================客户端查询函数=====================
     protected void btnSearch_Click1(object sender, EventArgs e)
     {
         string c_mvpGuid = "";
        try
         {
             c_mvpGuid = this.txtByMVPGUID.Text.ToString();

             //getDataSet对象获得查询返回的ds.
             DataSet getDataSet = myService.searchData(c_mvpGuid);
       
             ///查询默认显示为MVP表.测试的时候在index.aspx页面上显示.
             this.dgResult.DataSource = getDataSet.Tables["MVP"].DefaultView;
             this.dgResult.DataBind();
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
             throw ex;
         }
     }
要是有什么不懂的地方，你可以留言，我会给你答复。^_^
呵呵，忘了一件事，如果你用自己的xml文件，自己的数据库，那就没事了，不是的话看看：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<MVPData>
   <MVP>
     <MVPGUID>f8433e20-c9af-4b48-9c83-2fc235393f31</MVPGUID>
     <FirstName>Rafael Andrada</FirstName>
     <LastName>[McPegasus]</LastName>
     <Photo>
     </Photo>
     <Bio>
     </Bio>
     <StartAnivDate>10/1/2002 12:00:00 AM</StartAnivDate>
     <Subsidiary>Spain</Subsidiary>
     <Region>EMEA</Region>
     <Certifications>
     </Certifications>
     <Language>Spanish</Language>
     <Product>Microsoft Office Access</Product>
     <KbTitle>Community Solutions KB Articles written by Rafael Andrada [McPegasus]</KbTitle>
     <KbUrl>http://support.microsoft.com/search/default.aspx?Queryc=kbpubmvpKbUrl>
     <OtherCompetencies>
        <OtherCompetency>Microsoft Office FrontPage</OtherCompetency>
     </OtherCompetencies>
     <SpeakingEngagements>
     </SpeakingEngagements>
     <Publications>
         <Publication>
         <Id>db845d0e-1e66-474e-a6c8-5f8a8225c703</Id>
         <Title>http://ava4os.webcindario.com</Title>
         <Publisher />
         <DatePublished />
         <Abstract />
         <UrlLink>http://ava4os.webcindario.com</UrlLink>
       </Publication>
     </Publications>
     <Conferences>
     </Conferences>
   </MVP>
<MVP>
..........
</MVP>
</MVPData>