spring boot实战(第二篇)事件监听

spring boot实战(第二篇)事件监听

前言

spring boot在启动过程中增加事件监听机制，为用户功能拓展提供极大的便利。

支持的事件类型四种

ApplicationStartedEvent

ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent

ApplicationPreparedEvent

ApplicationFailedEvent

实现监听步骤：

1.监听类实现ApplicationListener接口
2.将监听类添加到SpringApplication实例

ApplicationStartedEvent

ApplicationStartedEvent：spring boot启动开始时执行的事件

创建对应的监听类 MyApplicationStartedEventListener.java

package com.u51.lkl.springboot.listener;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationStartedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;

/** * spring boot 启动监听类 * * @author liaokailin * @version $Id: MyApplicationStartedEventListener.java, v 0.1 2015年9月2日 下午11:06:04 liaokailin Exp $ */
public class MyApplicationStartedEventListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationStartedEvent> {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyApplicationStartedEventListener.class);

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationStartedEvent event) {
        SpringApplication app = event.getSpringApplication();
        app.setShowBanner(false);// 不显示banner信息
        logger.info("==MyApplicationStartedEventListener==");
    }
}

在该事件中可以获取到SpringApplication对象，可做一些执行前的设置.

Application.java类

package com.u51.lkl.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import com.u51.lkl.springboot.listener.MyApplicationStartedEventListener;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(Application.class); 
        app.addListeners(new MyApplicationStartedEventListener());
        app.run(args);
    }
}

ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent

ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent：spring boot 对应Enviroment已经准备完毕，但此时上下文context还没有创建。

MyApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEventListener.java

package com.u51.lkl.springboot.listener;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MutablePropertySources;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

/** * spring boot 配置环境事件监听 * @author liaokailin * @version $Id: MyApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEventListener.java, v 0.1 2015年9月2日 下午11:21:15 liaokailin Exp $ */
public class MyApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEventListener implements
                                                          ApplicationListener<ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent> {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEventListener.class);

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) {

        ConfigurableEnvironment envi = event.getEnvironment();
        MutablePropertySources mps = envi.getPropertySources();
        if (mps != null) {
            Iterator<PropertySource<?>> iter = mps.iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                PropertySource<?> ps = iter.next();
                logger
                    .info("ps.getName:{};ps.getSource:{};ps.getClass:{}", ps.getName(), ps.getSource(), ps.getClass());
            }
        }
    }

}

在该监听中获取到ConfigurableEnvironment后可以对配置信息做操作，例如：修改默认的配置信息，增加额外的配置信息等等~~~

ApplicationPreparedEvent

ApplicationPreparedEvent:spring boot上下文context创建完成，但此时spring中的bean是没有完全加载完成的。

MyApplicationPreparedEventListener.java

package com.u51.lkl.springboot.listener;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationPreparedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

/** * 上下文创建完成后执行的事件监听器 * * @author liaokailin * @version $Id: MyApplicationPreparedEventListener.java, v 0.1 2015年9月2日 下午11:29:38 liaokailin Exp $ */
public class MyApplicationPreparedEventListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationPreparedEvent> {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyApplicationPreparedEventListener.class);

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationPreparedEvent event) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext cac = event.getApplicationContext();
        passContextInfo(cac);
    }

    /** * 传递上下文 * @param cac */
    private void passContextInfo(ApplicationContext cac) {
        //dosomething()
    }

}

在获取完上下文后，可以将上下文传递出去做一些额外的操作。

在该监听器中是无法获取自定义bean并进行操作的。

ApplicationFailedEvent

ApplicationFailedEvent:spring boot启动异常时执行事件
MyApplicationFailedEventListener.java

package com.u51.lkl.springboot.listener;

import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationFailedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;

public class MyApplicationFailedEventListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationFailedEvent> {

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationFailedEvent event) {
        Throwable throwable = event.getException();
        handleThrowable(throwable);
    }

    /*处理异常*/
    private void handleThrowable(Throwable throwable) {
    }

}

在异常发生时，最好是添加虚拟机对应的钩子进行资源的回收与释放，能友善的处理异常信息。

在spring boot中已经为大家考虑了这一点，默认情况开启了对应的功能：

public void registerShutdownHook() {
        if (this.shutdownHook == null) {
            // No shutdown hook registered yet.
            this.shutdownHook = new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    doClose();
                }
            };
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(this.shutdownHook);
        }
    }

在doClose()方法中进行资源的回收与释放。

结束语

spring boot提供的四种监听事件到这里就结束了，针对实际业务可添加自定义的监听器，下一节当中将会对spring boot中的监听源码进行分析，理解为什么是这样的。