Linux ubuntu12.04+qt4.8.1+ opencv3.1.0 视频的处理

opencv下载：http://wiki.opencv.org.cn/index.php/Download

本文在Linux上适用，QT版本什么都可以，opencv版本什么都可以，linux内核2.6以上

一，opencv 安装

1.其他安装所需要的包的安装

   GCC 4.4.x或更高

   CMKE2.8.7或更高

   Git

   GTK+2.x或更高

   pkg-config

   Python2.6或更高，Numpy1.5或更高和开发包（python-dev,python-numpy）

  ffmpeg或者libav开发包：libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev

  可选包：libtbb2 ，libtbb-dev

 可选包：libdc1394 2.x

  可选包：libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

必须：#sudo apt-get install build-essential

必须：#sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswsc

可选：#sudo  apt-get install  python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

2.opencv下载（下载最新版本）

   http://www.opencv.org.cn/index.php/Download

   解压安装包 （unzip或者windows下解压）

3.解压opencv3.1.0，进入文件夹
  #cd opencv3.1.0

4.新建release文件夹存放opencv的编译文件，进入文件夹
  #sudo mkdir release
  #cd release

5.配置opencv文件

  #sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX= /usr/local  ..
  或者使用cmake-gui用图形界面编译。

『配置时出现以下错误  -- ICV: Downloading ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz...』  
  解决方案：


   首先，手动下载[ippicv](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Itseez/opencv_3rdparty/81a676001ca8075ada498583e4166079e5744668/ippicv/ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz)
   然后，将刚才下载的ippicv文件直接拷贝进入opencv3.1源码的下面这个目录：

       opencv-3.1.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e

       最后一个目录可能不一样，但无所谓。
   最后再使用命令编译：
       #cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local  ..    这个问题是下载ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz时的校验和不符，查看了配置文件，可以自行从 http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/3rdparty/ippicv这里下载所需额版本，将下载的文件 
opencv-3.1.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-8b449a536a2157bcad08a2b9f266828b ,代替原来的同名文件，ok问题解决
 

6.进行编译
  #sudo make
或者 #sudo make -j $(nproc)



正确编译结果是：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/cascadeclassifier<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/boost<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/features<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/haarfeatures<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/lbpfeatures<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/HOGfeatures<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
[<span class="hljs-number">100</span>%] Building CXX object apps/traincascade/CMakeFiles/opencv_traincascade<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dir</span>/imagestorage<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cpp</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.o</span>
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_traincascade
</code>

7.安装opencv到系统
  #sudo make install

正确的结果提示是：

<code class="hljs haml has-numbering">...
-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Set</span> runtime path of <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/bin/opencv_haartraining"</span> to <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/lib"</span>
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Installing</span><span class="hljs-symbol">:</span> /usr/local/bin/opencv_createsamples
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Set</span> runtime path of <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/bin/opencv_createsamples"</span> to <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/lib"</span>
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Installing</span><span class="hljs-symbol">:</span> /usr/local/bin/opencv_performance
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Set</span> runtime path of <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/bin/opencv_performance"</span> to <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/lib"</span>
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Installing</span><span class="hljs-symbol">:</span> /usr/local/bin/opencv_traincascade
</span>-<span class="ruby">- <span class="hljs-constant">Set</span> runtime path of <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/bin/opencv_traincascade"</span> to <span class="hljs-string">"/usr/local/lib"</span></span></code><a target=_blank name="t11"></a>

8.添加动态链接库信息：（使用下面的动态库管理命令ldconfig，让opencv的相关链接库被系统共享）

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">查看已经生成的动态库
root@noya-VirtualBox:/usr/local/lib<span class="hljs-preprocessor"># ls</span>
libopencv_calib3d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>           libopencv_gpu<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>            libopencv_nonfree<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>          libopencv_superres<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>
libopencv_calib3d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>       libopencv_gpu<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>        libopencv_nonfree<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>      libopencv_superres<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>
libopencv_calib3d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>     libopencv_gpu<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>      libopencv_nonfree<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>    libopencv_superres<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>
libopencv_contrib<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>           libopencv_highgui<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>        libopencv_objdetect<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>        libopencv_ts<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.a</span>
libopencv_contrib<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>       libopencv_highgui<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>    libopencv_objdetect<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>    libopencv_video<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>
libopencv_contrib<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>     libopencv_highgui<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>  libopencv_objdetect<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>  libopencv_video<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>
libopencv_core<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>              libopencv_imgproc<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>        libopencv_ocl<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>              libopencv_video<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>
libopencv_core<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>          libopencv_imgproc<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>    libopencv_ocl<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>          libopencv_videostab<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>
libopencv_core<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>        libopencv_imgproc<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>  libopencv_ocl<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>        libopencv_videostab<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>
libopencv_features2d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>        libopencv_legacy<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>         libopencv_photo<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>            libopencv_videostab<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>
libopencv_features2d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>    libopencv_legacy<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>     libopencv_photo<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>        pkgconfig
libopencv_features2d<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>  libopencv_legacy<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>   libopencv_photo<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>      python2<span class="hljs-number">.7</span>
libopencv_flann<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>             libopencv_ml<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>             libopencv_stitching<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span>
libopencv_flann<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>         libopencv_ml<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>         libopencv_stitching<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span>
libopencv_flann<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>       libopencv_ml<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span>       libopencv_stitching<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.so</span><span class="hljs-number">.2</span><span class="hljs-number">.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.9</span></code>

使用下面的动态库管理命令ldconfig，让opencv的相关链接库被系统共享

#sudo ldconfig -v

9.指定头文件位置
完成了动态库的共享，还不能使用opencv来编程，还需要为程序指定openvc的头文件位置。这里使用pkg-config命令来完成。首先在 /etc/profile 中添加：

<span style="color:#990000;"><code class="hljs ruby has-numbering">export  <span class="hljs-constant">PKG_CONFIG_PATH</span>=<span class="hljs-variable">$PKG_CONFIG_PATH</span><span class="hljs-symbol">:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig</span>  </code></span>

pkg-config 维护着一个关于opencv的配置文件，这个文件（opencv.pc）在目录 /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig，这个文件记录着opencv的一些动态库信息，还有头文件信息

输入pkg-config --cflags opencv 和pkg-config --libs opencv ,可以发现以下信息。

正确的结果是如下：

sjj@sjj-QiTianM4500-N000:/usr/local/opencv-3.1.0/release$ pkg-config --cflags opencv
-I/usr/local/include/opencv -I/usr/local/include  
sjj@sjj-QiTianM4500-N000:/usr/local/opencv-3.1.0/release$ pkg-config --libs opencv
-L/usr/local/lib -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_core -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_flann -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_ml -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_photo -lopencv_shape -lopencv_stitching -lopencv_superres -lopencv_video -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_videostab 

安装版本：pkg-config --modversion opencv

配置信息：pkg-config --cflags opencv

10.测试
编译Sample
在解压的opencv目录下找到 samples/找几个文件，运行该文件

opencv安装完毕

/bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'

 ldconfig(这一步很重要)

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/titer1/article/details/45070065