CF Socket 简介
由于iPhone的SDK 里面提供的接口是CF Socket。简单DEMO下。
Socket接口是TCP/IP网络的API,Socket接口定义了许多函数或例程,程序员可以用它们来开发TCP/IP网络上的应用程序。要学Internet上的TCP/IP网络编程,必须理解Socket接口。
Socket接口设计者最先是将接口放在Unix操作系统里面的。如果了解Unix系统的输入和输出的话,就很容易了解Socket了。网络的Socket数据传输是一种特殊的I/O,Socket也是一种文件描述符。Socket也具有一个类似于打开文件的函数调用Socket(),该函数返回一个整型的Socket描述符,随后的连接建立、数据传输等操作都是通过该Socket实现的。常用的Socket类型有两种:流式Socket(SOCK_STREAM)和数据报式Socket(SOCK_DGRAM)。流式是一种面向连接的Socket,针对于面向连接的TCP服务应用;数据报式Socket是一种无连接的Socket,对应于无连接的UDP服务应用。
// 定义读写的 stream.
CFReadStreamRef myReadStream = NULL;
CFReadStreamRef myWriteStream = NULL;
//Socket的建立 下面有参数的原始声明
///* This is a synonym for NULL, if you'd rather use a named constant. */
//CF_EXPORT
//const CFAllocatorRef kCFAllocatorDefault;
CFStreamCreatePairWithSocketToHost(kCFAllocatorDefault,
/*host*/ ,
/*端口*/,
&myReadStream,
&myWriteStream);
// 打开Stream.
if (myReadStream != NULL && CFReadStreamOpen(myReadStream))
{
UInt8 readBuffer[10];
while (CFReadStreamHasBytesAvailable(stream))
{
// 进行读操作
CFReadStreamRead(stream, buffer, 10);
}
}
// 写操作
if (myWriteStream != NULL && CFWriteStreamOpen(myWriteStream))
{
// 写一个byte.
UInt8 writeBuffer[1];
writeBuffer[0] = 42;
CFWriteStreamWrite(stream, writeBuffer, 1);
}
// 关闭Stream
CFReadStreamClose(myReadStream);
CFWriteStreamClose(myWriteStream);
// Release掉不需要的资源
CFRelease(myReadStream);
CFRelease(myWriteStream);
客户端:
导入头文件:
#import <sys/socket.h>
#import <netinet/in.h>
#import <arpa/inet.h>
#import <unistd.h>
1、创建连接
CFSocketContext sockContext =
{
0, // 结构体的版本,必须为0
self, // 一个任意指针的数据,可以用在创建时CFSocket对象相关联。这个指针被传递给所有的上下文中定义的回调。
NULL, // 一个定义在上面指针中的retain的回调, 可以为NULL
NULL, NULL
};
CFSocketRef _socket = (kCFAllocatorDefault, // 为新对象分配内存,可以为nil
PF_INET, // 协议族,如果为0或者负数,则默认为PF_INET
SOCK_STREAM, // 套接字类型,如果协议族为PF_INET,则它会默认为SOCK_STREAM
IPPROTO_TCP, // 套接字协议,如果协议族是PF_INET且协议是0或者负数,它会默认为IPPROTO_TCP
kCFSocketConnectCallBack, // 触发回调函数的socket消息类型,具体见Callback Types
TCPServerConnectCallBack, // 上面情况下触发的回调函数
&sockContext // 一个持有CFSocket结构信息的对象,可以为nil
);
if (_socket != nil)
{
struct sockaddr_in addr4; // IPV4
memset(&addr4, 0, sizeof(addr4));
addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);
addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr4.sin_port = htons(8888);
addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr([strAddress UTF8String]); // 把字符串的地址转换为机器可识别的网络地址
// 把sockaddr_in结构体中的地址转换为Data
CFDataRef address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8 *)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));
CFSocketConnectToAddress(_socket, // 连接的socket
address, // CFDataRef类型的包含上面socket的远程地址的对象
-1 // 连接超时时间,如果为负,则不尝试连接,而是把连接放在后台进行,如果_socket消息类型为kCFSocketConnectCallBack,将会在连接成功或失败的时候在后台触发回调函数
);
CFRunLoopRef cRunRef = CFRunLoopGetCurrent(); // 获取当前线程的循环
// 创建一个循环,但并没有真正加如到循环中,需要调用CFRunLoopAddSource
CFRunLoopSourceRef sourceRef = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, _socket, 0);
CFRunLoopAddSource(cRunRef, // 运行循环
sourceRef, // 增加的运行循环源, 它会被retain一次
kCFRunLoopCommonModes // 增加的运行循环源的模式
);
CFRelease(courceRef);
}
2、设置回调函数
// socket回调函数的格式:
static void TCPServerConnectCallBack(CFSocketRef socket, CFSocketCallBackType type, CFDataRef address, const void *data, void *info)
{
if (data != NULL)
{
// 当socket为kCFSocketConnectCallBack时,失败时回调失败会返回一个错误代码指针,其他情况返回NULL
NSLog(@"连接失败");
return;
}
TCPClient *client = (TCPClient *)info;
// 读取接收的数据
[info performSlectorInBackground:@selector(readStream) withObject:nil];
}
3、接收发送数据
// 读取接收的数据
- (void)readStream
{
char buffer[1024];
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
// 与本机关联的Socket 如果已经失效返回-1:INVALID_SOCKET
while (recv(CFSocketGetNative(_socket), buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0))
{
NSLog(@"%@", [NSString stringWithUTF8String:buffer]);
}
}
// 发送数据
- (void)sendMessage
{
NSString *stringTosend = @"你好";
char *data = [stringTosend UTF8String];
send(SFSocketGetNative(_socket), data, strlen(data) + 1, 0);
}
服务器端:
CFSockteRef _socket;
CFWriteStreamRef outputStream = NULL;
int setupSocket()
{
_socket = CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, kCFSocketAcceptCallBack, TCPServerAcceptCallBack, NULL);
if (NULL == _socket)
{
NSLog(@"Cannot create socket!");
return 0;
}
int optval = 1;
// 允许重用本地地址和端口
setsockopt(CFSocketGetNative(_socket), SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void *)&optval, sizeof(optval));
struct sockaddr_in addr4;
memset(&addr4, 0, sizeof(addr4));
addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);
addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr4.sin_port = htons(port);
addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
CFDataRef address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8 *)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));
if (kCFSocketSuccess != CFSocketSetAddress(_socket, address))
{
NSLog(@"Bind to address failed!");
if (_socket)
{
CFRelease(_socket);
}
_socket = NULL;
return 0;
}
CFRunLoopRef cfRunLoop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, _socket, 0);
CFRunLoopAddSource(cfRunLoop, source, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
CFRelease(source);
return 1;
}
// socket回调函数,同客户端
void TCPServerAcceptCallBack(CFSocketRef socket, CFSocketCallBackType type, CFDataRef address, const void *data, void *info)
{
if (kCFSocketAcceptCallBack == type)
{
// 本地套接字句柄
CFSocketNativeHandle nativeSocketHandle = *(CFSocketNativeHandle *)data;
uint8_t name[SOCK_MAXADDRLEN];
socklen_t nameLen = sizeof(name);
if (0 != getpeername(nativeSocketHandle, (struct sockaddr *)name, &nameLen))
{
NSLog(@"error");
exit(1);
}
NSLog(@"%@ connected.", inet_ntoa( ((struct sockaddr_in *)name)->sin_addr )):
CFReadStreamRef iStream;
CFWriteStreamRef oStream;
// 创建一个可读写的socket连接
CFStreamCreatePairWithSocket(kCFAllocatorDefault, nativeSocketHandle, &iStream, &oStream);
if (iStream && oStream)
{
CFStreamClientContext streamContext = {0, NULL, NULL, NULL};
// 回调函数,当有可读的数据时调用
if (!CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvaiable, readStream, &streamContext))
{
exit(1);
}
if (!CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventCanAcceptBytes, writeStream, &streamContext))
{
exit(1);
}
CFReadStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(iStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopCommomModes);
CFWriteStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(wStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopCommomModes);
CFReadStreamOpen(iStream);
CFWriteStreamOpen(wStream);
}
else
{
close(nativeSocketHandle);
}
}
}
// 读取数据
void readStream(CFReadStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo)
{
UInt8 buff[255];
CFReadStreamRead(stream, buff, 255);
printf("received: %s", buff);
}
void writeStream (CFWriteStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo)
{
outputStream = stream;
}
main
{
char *str = "nihao";
if (outputStream != NULL)
{
CFWriteStreamWrite(outputStream, str, strlen(line) + 1);
}
else
{
NSLog(@"Cannot send data!");
}
}
// 开辟一个线程线程函数中
void runLoopInThread()
{
int res = setupSocket();
if (!res)
{
exit(1);
}
// 运行当前线程的CFRunLoop对象
CFRunLoopRun();
}