三、JPA和SpringData集成快速入门
上节说到用JPA和Spring的集成使用到了DAO层的概念，在这里将会用repository来代替，你会发现以声明接口的方式去进行CRUD是多么的简便，废话少说开始代码实战吧，\(^o^)/~
一、万里长征始于 新建一个Web项目SpringData01，把相应的jar包放到/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib目录下
antlr-2.7.7.jar
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-c3p0-4.2.4.Final.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.2.4.Final.jar
hibernate-entitymanager-4.2.4.Final.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
javassist-3.15.0-GA.jar
jboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar
mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar
spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
二、配置web.xml不可以忘记哈
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>SpirngData01</display-name> <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
三、配置application.xml实乃重中之重
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:repository="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/repository"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/repository http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/repository/spring-repository-1.6.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!--配置扫描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.tan.springdata"/>
<!--加载本地properties文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!--配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="${jdbc.minPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置实体管理工厂类（容器管理类） -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<!--数据源依赖于上面声明 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!--实体包扫描 -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.tan.springdata.entities"></property>
<!--JPA提供商 -->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean>
</property>
<!--配置JPA实现者Hibernate的一些基本属性 -->
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<!-- *配置自动生成数据表列名的策略. 例如: lastName - last_name -->
<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义 Spring JPA 事务管理程序 -->
<bean id="jpaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置我们自己的repository并添加依赖 -->
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.tan.springdata.repositories"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref="jpaTransactionManager"/>
<!--声明注解驱动 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="jpaTransactionManager"/>
</beans>
四、上面用到了db.properties
jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=123456 jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///jpa2 jdbc.minPoolSize=5 jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
五、还是得整Entity,不然没法继续，我将毫无保留全部粘出hh~
Person.java
package com.tan.springdata.entities;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Table(name="JPA_PERSONS")
@Entity
public class Person {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private Date birth;
private Address address;
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Id
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName+"]";
}
@JoinColumn(name="ADDRESS_ID")
@ManyToOne
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
private String addressCity;
public String getAddressCity() {
return addressCity;
}
public void setAddressCity(String addressCity) {
this.addressCity = addressCity;
}
}
Address.java
package com.tan.springdata.entities;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Table(name="JPA_ADDRESS")
@Entity
public class Address {
private Integer id;
private String city;
private String province;
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Id
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getProvince() {
return province;
}
public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}
}
六、是时候该建立自己的Repository了···
package com.tan.springdata.repositories;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tan.springdata.entities.Person;
@Repository
public interface PersonRepository extends JpaRepository<Person, Integer>{
//根据姓名获取Person对象
Person getByLastName(String lastName);
//根据给出的首字母匹配
List<Person>getByLastNameStartingWith(String ln);
//根据给出的任意字母匹配
List<Person>getByLastNameLike(String ln);
//addressCity
//address -> city
List<Person> getByAddress_City(String city);
//--------------------JPQL--------------------
@Query("SELECT p FROM Person p WHERE p.birth = (SELECT min(p2.birth) FROM Person p2)")
List<Person> getMaxAgePersons();
//还需要使用 Service 包装一下, 添加事务
//占位符的方式入参
@Modifying
@Query("UPDATE Person p SET p.lastName = ?1 WHERE p.id = ?2")
void updatePersonLastName(String ln, int id);
//起别名的方式入参
@Modifying
@Query("UPDATE Person p SET p.email = :e WHERE p.id = :id")
void updatePersonEmail(@Param("id") Integer id, @Param("e") String email);
//使用本地SQL进行删除操作
@Modifying
@Query(value="DELETE FROM jpa_persons WHERE last_name = ?1", nativeQuery=true)
void deleteByLastNameWithNativeSQL(String lastName);
}
七、处理相关业务还是得加Service,谁说我们这里没有什么业务，但是也要加，因为大师说这是“思想”.
package com.tan.springdata.services;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.tan.springdata.entities.Person;
import com.tan.springdata.repositories.PersonRepository;
@Service
@Transactional
public class PersonService {
@Autowired
private PersonRepository personRepository;
public void saveOrUpdate(Person person){
personRepository.save(person);
}
public Person getByLastName(String lastName){
return personRepository.getByLastName(lastName);
}
public List<Person>getByLastNameStartingWith(String ln){
return personRepository.getByLastNameStartingWith(ln);
}
public List<Person>getByLastNameLike(String ln){
return personRepository.getByLastNameLike(ln);
}
public List<Person>getAddressCity(String city){
return personRepository.getByAddress_City(city);
}
//--------------------JPQL--------------------
//查询年龄最大的人的集合
public List<Person>getMaxAgePersons(){
return personRepository.getMaxAgePersons();
}
//根据id更新lastName
public void updateLastName(String lastName, Integer id){
personRepository.updatePersonLastName(lastName, id);
}
//根据id更新Email
public void updateEmail(String email, Integer id){
personRepository.updatePersonEmail(id, email);
}
//根据用户名删除该对象
public void delete(String lastName){
personRepository.deleteByLastNameWithNativeSQL(lastName);
}
}
八、好了，开始Testing....
package com.tan.springdata.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.tan.springdata.entities.Address;
import com.tan.springdata.entities.Person;
import com.tan.springdata.repositories.PersonRepository;
import com.tan.springdata.services.PersonService;
public class SpringDataTesting {
private ApplicationContext ctx=null;
private PersonService personService;
private PersonRepository personRepository=null;
{
ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
personService=ctx.getBean(PersonService.class);
personRepository=ctx.getBean(PersonRepository.class);
}
@Test
public void testQueryBylastName() {
Person person = personService.getByLastName("tan");
System.out.println(person);
String addressCity = person.getAddressCity();
System.out.println(addressCity);
}
@Test
public void getByLastNameStartingWith() {
List<Person> person = personService.getByLastNameStartingWith("t");
for(Person p:person){
System.out.println(p);
}
}
@Test
public void getByLastNameLike() {
List<Person> person = personService.getByLastNameLike("%a%");
for(Person p:person){
System.out.println(p);
}
}
@Test
public void getAddressCity() {
List<Person> person = personService.getAddressCity("上海");
for(Person p:person){
System.out.println(p);
}
}
//------------------JPQL测试--------------------------------------
@Test
public void getMaxAgePersons() {
List<Person> maxAgePersons = personService.getMaxAgePersons();
for(Person p:maxAgePersons){
System.out.println(p);
}
}
@Test
public void updateLastName() {
personService.updateLastName("tanzhengqaing", 1);
}
@Test
public void updateLastNddame() {
personService.updateEmail("[email protected]", 1);
}
//经测试如果有多个同名的记录也一并删除
@Test
public void delete() {
personService.delete("tan");
}
}
本人测试，全部通过，如有不足之处烦请大牛指正！最后，学习贵在分享，请大家多提宝贵意见O(∩_∩)O~