【Linux进阶】CentOS安装Nginx服务器

本文主要介绍Nginx在linux下的安装与设置。
Nginx是一个高性能的web反向代理服务器,详情参考http://nginx.org/
中文文档http://www.nginx.cn/doc

1、准备工作

选首先安装这几个软件:GCC,PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expression),zlib,OpenSSL。
Nginx是C写的,需要用GCC编译;Nginx的Rewrite和HTTP模块会用到PCRE;Nginx中的Gzip用到zlib;
用命令# gcc,查看gcc是否安装;如果出现gcc: no input files信息,说明已经安装好了。
否则,就需要用命令# yum install gcc,进行安装了!一路可能需要多次输入y,进行确认。
安装好后,可以再用命令#gcc测试,或者用命令# gcc -v查看其版本号。
同样方法,用如下命令安装PCRE,zlib,OpenSSL(其中devel,是develop开发包的意思):

# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel 
# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel 
# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel 

2、下载并安装

创建目录(nginx-src)并进去;然后,从官方地址(http://nginx.org/)下载,解压,配置,编译,安装:

# mkdir nginx-src && cd nginx-src 
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz 
# tar xzf nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz 
# cd nginx-1.7.3 
# ./configure 
# make 
# make install 
# whereis nginx 
nginx: /usr/local/nginx  

默认的安装路径为:/usr/local/nginx;跳转到其目录下sbin路径下,便可以启动或停止它了。

# ./nginx -h

nginx version: nginx/1.7.3  
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]  
Options:  
  -?,-h         : this help  
  -v            : show version and exit  
  -V            : show version and configure options then exit  
  -t            : test configuration and exit  
  -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing  
  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload  
  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)  
  -c filename   : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)  
  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file  

启动:nginx
停止:nginx -s stop

3、添加到系统服务

使用命令# vi /etc/init.d/nginx,打开编辑器,输入如下内容:

#!/bin/sh 
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15 
# Startup script for the nginx Web Server 
# description: nginx is a World Wide Web server. 
# It is used to serve HTML files and CGI. 
# processname: nginx 
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid 
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin  
DESC="nginx deamon"  
NAME=nginx  
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME  
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME  

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0  

d_start(){  
  $DAEMON || echo -n "already running"  
}  

d_stop(){  
  $DAEMON -s quit || echo -n "not running"  
}  


d_reload(){  
  $DAEMON -s reload || echo -n "can not reload"  
}  

case "$1" in  
start)  
  echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_start  
  echo "."  
;;  
stop)  
  echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_stop  
  echo "."  
;;  
reload)  
  echo -n "Reloading $DESC conf..."  
  d_reload  
  echo "reload ."  
;;  
restart)  
  echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_stop  
  sleep 2  
  d_start  
  echo "."  
;;  
*)  
  echo "Usage: $ScRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2  
  exit 3  
;;  
esac  

exit 0  

保存退出后,再使用下面的命令,使其可执行;然后,添加配置并查看。
可用chkconfig修改其值,也可用ntsysv工具改变是否自启动。

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx 
# chkconfig --add nginx 
# chkconfig nginx on/off 
# chkconfig --list nginx 
nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off  

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