在android相关应用开发过程中,固定的一些属性可能满足不了开发的需求,所以在一些特殊情况下,需要自定义控件与属性,本文将以此问题进行详细介绍,需要的朋友可以参考下
自定义控件在android中无处不见,自定义控件给了我们很大的方便。比如说,一个视图为imageview ,imagebutton ,textview 等诸多控件的组合,用的地方有很多,我们不可能每次都来写3个的组合,既浪费时间,效率又低。在这种情况下,我们就可以自定义一个view来替换他们,不仅提升了效率并且在xml中运用也是相当的美观。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="background" format="reference" /> <attr name="src" format="reference" /> </declare-styleable>
2. color:颜色值。
示例:<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="textColor" format="color" /> </declare-styleable>
3. boolean:布尔值。
示例:<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="focusable" format="boolean" /> </declare-styleable>4. dimension:尺寸值。
示例:
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="layout_width" format="dimension" /> </declare-styleable>5. float:浮点值。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="fromAlpha" format="float" /> <attr name="toAlpha" format="float" /> </declare-styleable>6. integer:整型值。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="frameDuration" format="integer" /> <attr name="framesCount" format="integer" /> </declare-styleable>7. string:字符串。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="text" format="string" /> </declare-styleable>8. fraction:百分数。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="pivotX" format="fraction" /> <attr name="pivotY" format="fraction" /> </declare-styleable>9. enum:枚举值。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="orientation"> <enum name="horizontal" value="0" /> <enum name="vertical" value="1" /> </attr> </declare-styleable>10. flag:位或运算。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="windowSoftInputMode"> <flag name="stateUnspecified" value="0" /> <flag name="stateUnchanged" value="1" /> <flag name="stateHidden" value="2" /> <flag name="stateAlwaysHidden" value="3" /> </attr> </declare-styleable>11.多类型。
<declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="background" format="reference|color" /> </declare-styleable>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <declare-styleable name="custom_view"> <attr name="custom_id" format="integer" /> <attr name="src" format="reference" /> <attr name="background" format="reference" /> <attr name="text" format="string" /> <attr name="textColor" format="color" /> <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" /> </declare-styleable> </resources>以上,所定义为custom_view,custom_id为按钮id,src为按钮,background为阴影背景,text为按钮说明,textColor为字体颜色,textSize为字体大小。
package com.nanlus.custom; import com.nanlus.custom.R; import android.content.Context; import android.content.res.TypedArray; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.FrameLayout; import android.widget.ImageButton; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; public class CustomView extends FrameLayout implements OnClickListener { private CustomListener customListener = null; private Drawable mSrc = null, mBackground = null; private String mText = ""; private int mTextColor = 0; private float mTextSize = 20; private int mCustomId = 0; private ImageView mBackgroundView = null; private ImageButton mButtonView = null; private TextView mTextView = null; private LayoutParams mParams = null; public CustomView(Context context) { super(context); } public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.custom_view); mSrc = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.custom_view_src); mBackground = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.custom_view_background); mText = a.getString(R.styleable.custom_view_text); mTextColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.custom_view_textColor, Color.WHITE); mTextSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.custom_view_textSize, 20); mCustomId = a.getInt(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_id, 0); mTextView = new TextView(context); mTextView.setTextSize(mTextSize); mTextView.setTextColor(mTextColor); mTextView.setText(mText); mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); mTextView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); mButtonView = new ImageButton(context); mButtonView.setImageDrawable(mSrc); mButtonView.setBackgroundDrawable(null); mButtonView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); mButtonView.setOnClickListener(this); mBackgroundView = new ImageView(context); mBackgroundView.setImageDrawable(mBackground); mBackgroundView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams( LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); addView(mBackgroundView); addView(mButtonView); addView(mTextView); this.setOnClickListener(this); a.recycle(); } @Override protected void onAttachedToWindow() { super.onAttachedToWindow(); mParams = (LayoutParams) mButtonView.getLayoutParams(); if (mParams != null) { mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.TOP; mButtonView.setLayoutParams(mParams); } mParams = (LayoutParams) mBackgroundView.getLayoutParams(); if (mParams != null) { mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.TOP; mBackgroundView.setLayoutParams(mParams); } mParams = (LayoutParams) mTextView.getLayoutParams(); if (mParams != null) { mParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL | Gravity.BOTTOM; mTextView.setLayoutParams(mParams); } } public void setCustomListener(CustomListener l) { customListener = l; } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (customListener != null) { customListener.onCuscomClick(v, mCustomId); } } public interface CustomListener { void onCuscomClick(View v, int custom_id); } }代码很简单,就不多说,下面来看看我们的CustomView是怎么用的,请看:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:nanlus="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.nanlus.custom" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:orientation="horizontal" > <com.nanlus.custom.CustomView android:id="@+id/custom1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" nanlus:background="@drawable/background" nanlus:custom_id="1" nanlus:src="@drawable/style_button" nanlus:text="按钮1" > </com.nanlus.custom.CustomView> </LinearLayout> </RelativeLayout>在这里需要解释一下,
package com.nanlus.custom; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageButton; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import com.nanlus.BaseActivity; import com.nanlus.custom.R; import com.nanlus.custom.CustomView.CustomListener; public class CustomActivity extends BaseActivity implements CustomListener { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); ((CustomView) this.findViewById(R.id.custom1)).setCustomListener(this); } @Override public void onCuscomClick(View v, int custom_id) { switch (custom_id) { case 1: Toast.makeText(this, "hello !!!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; default: break; } } }