GUI界面设计1 三角函数
下面拿三角函数做一个简单的例子，说明GUI界面控件及回调函数的使用
第一步：首先建立一个GUI，在command命令窗口中键入guide,会显示出GUI建立对话框。
第二步：把界面所需要的控件添加上去，自己设置tag值或String值。
一个axes控件，4个pushbutton控件
双击控件来设置控件的一些属性，常用的属性 tag和String
axes按钮用来显示三角函数的曲线，第一个pushbutton按钮tag属性我这里改为了sin,String属性也改为了sin,同理，后两个pushbutton控件tag值分别为cos、tan.还添加了一个清除控件Clear，用来清除掉axes1上显示出来的曲线。
第三步：这是最重要的一步，回调函数callback如何写，使这些控件各自完成自己的工作
GUI会自动生成 .m文件，在对控件进行回调时（右击控件→View Callbacks→Callback）会自动生成 .m文件。
出现保存对话框，要对GUI进行保存，保存后会自动生成 .m文件，或单击GUI界面 M-File Editor，会显示出生成的 .m文件。
接下来就是在各个pushbutton下（sin、cos、tan、Clear）回调函数下添加实现功能的代码。
.m文件中下列代码不得改动，是每个GUI建立都会自动生成的，若改动就会出错
function varargout = sanjiaohanshui(varargin)
% SANJIAOHANSHUI M-file for sanjiaohanshui.fig
% SANJIAOHANSHUI, by itself, creates a new SANJIAOHANSHUI or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = SANJIAOHANSHUI returns the handle to a new SANJIAOHANSHUI or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% SANJIAOHANSHUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in SANJIAOHANSHUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
% SANJIAOHANSHUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new SANJIAOHANSHUI or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before sanjiaohanshui_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to sanjiaohanshui_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help sanjiaohanshui
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 25-Oct-2015 22:01:14
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @sanjiaohanshui_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @sanjiaohanshui_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
首先在下列代码中添加x的范围
function sanjiaohanshui_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to sanjiaohanshui (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for sanjiaohanshui
handles.output = hObject;
%添加函数范围
handles.x=-pi:0.01:pi;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes sanjiaohanshui wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
接下来，在sin控件的回调函数下添加代码，实现其功能（在坐标轴axes1上显示正弦曲线）
function sin_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to sin (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=handles.x;
y=sin(x);
plot(handles.axes1,x,y);
同理，在cos、tan、Clear回调函数下添加如下代码
function cos_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to cos (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=handles.x;
y=cos(x);
plot(handles.axes1,x,y);
function tan_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to tan (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=handles.x;
y=tan(x);
plot(handles.axes1,x,y);
function clear_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to clear (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
%
try
delete(allchild(handles.axes1)); %%清除坐标轴上的三角函数曲线
end