Android 圆形/圆角图片的方法
目前网上有很多圆角图片的实例,Github上也有一些成熟的项目。之前做项目,为了稳定高效都是选用Github上的项目直接用。但这种结束也是Android开发必备技能 ,所以今天就来简单研究一下该技术,分享给大家。
预备知识:
Xfermode介绍:
下面是Android ApiDemo里的“Xfermodes”实例,效果图。
Xfermode有三个子类,结构如下:
1.
public
class
2.
Xfermode
3.
extends
Object
4.
java.lang.Object
5.
? android.graphics.Xfermode
6.
Known Direct Subclasses
7.
AvoidXfermode, PixelXorXfermode, PorterDuffXfermode
AvoidXfermode 指定了一个颜色和容差,强制Paint避免在它上面绘图(或者只在它上面绘图)。
PixelXorXfermode 当覆盖已有的颜色时,应用一个简单的像素异或操作。
PorterDuffXfermode 这是一个非常强大的转换模式,使用它,可以使用图像合成的16条Porter-Duff规则的任意一条来控制Paint如何与已有的Canvas图像进行交互。
上面图片种显示的16种模式介绍如下:
1.PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR
所绘制不会提交到画布上。
2.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC
显示上层绘制图片
3.PorterDuff.Mode.DST
显示下层绘制图片
4.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OVER
正常绘制显示,上下层绘制叠盖。
5.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OVER
上下层都显示。下层居上显示。
6.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN
取两层绘制交集。显示上层。
7.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN
取两层绘制交集。显示下层。
8.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OUT
取上层绘制非交集部分。
9.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OUT
取下层绘制非交集部分。
10.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP
取下层非交集部分与上层交集部分
11.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_ATOP
取上层非交集部分与下层交集部分
12.PorterDuff.Mode.XOR
异或:去除两图层交集部分
13.PorterDuff.Mode.DARKEN
取两图层全部区域,交集部分颜色加深
14.PorterDuff.Mode.LIGHTEN
取两图层全部,点亮交集部分颜色
15.PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY
取两图层交集部分叠加后颜色
16.PorterDuff.Mode.SCREEN
取两图层全部区域,交集部分变为透明色
了解了上面的知识点后,我们根据上面的知识点先来实现第一种圆角图片制作方式:
原图:
先看这一段代码
01.
private
ImageView mImg;
02.
03.
@Override
04.
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
05.
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
06.
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
07.
mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
08.
09.
//获得imageview中设置的图片
10.
BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) mImg.getDrawable();
11.
Bitmap bmp = drawable.getBitmap();
12.
//获得图片的宽,并创建结果bitmap
13.
int
width = bmp.getWidth();
14.
Bitmap resultBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, width,
15.
Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
16.
Paint paint =
new
Paint();
17.
Canvas canvas =
new
Canvas(resultBmp);
18.
//画圆
19.
canvas.drawCircle(width /
2
, width /
2
, width /
2
, paint);
20.
paint.setXfermode(
new
PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
// 选择交集去上层图片
21.
canvas.drawBitmap(bmp,
0
,
0
, paint);
22.
mImg.setImageBitmap(resultBmp);
23.
bmp.recycle();
24.
25.
}
大家看到这是我们需要的结果。可是这样做可能导致OutOfMomery异常。假如图片很大或者你可能并非通过ImageView的getDrawable获得图像,而是直接Decode一张很大的图片加载到内存,你会发现可能会出现异常。我们做一下改变。
01.
private
static
final
String TAG =
"RoundImage"
;
02.
private
ImageView mImg;
03.
04.
@Override
05.
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
06.
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
07.
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
08.
mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
09.
// 裁剪图片
10.
BitmapFactory.Options options =
new
BitmapFactory.Options();
11.
options.inJustDecodeBounds =
true
;
12.
BitmapFactory
13.
.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.avatar, options);
14.
Log.d(TAG,
"original outwidth: "
+ options.outWidth);
15.
// 此宽度是目标ImageView希望的大小,你可以自定义ImageView,然后获得ImageView的宽度。
16.
int
dstWidth =
150
;
17.
// 我们需要加载的图片可能很大,我们先对原有的图片进行裁剪
18.
int
sampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, dstWidth, dstWidth);
19.
options.inSampleSize = sampleSize;
20.
options.inJustDecodeBounds =
false
;
21.
Log.d(TAG,
"sample size: "
+ sampleSize);
22.
Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
23.
R.drawable.avatar, options);
24.
25.
// 绘制图片
26.
Bitmap resultBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(dstWidth, dstWidth,
27.
Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
28.
Paint paint =
new
Paint();
29.
paint.setAntiAlias(
true
);
30.
Canvas canvas =
new
Canvas(resultBmp);
31.
// 画圆
32.
canvas.drawCircle(dstWidth /
2
, dstWidth /
2
, dstWidth /
2
, paint);
33.
// 选择交集去上层图片
34.
paint.setXfermode(
new
PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
35.
canvas.drawBitmap(bmp,
new
Rect(
0
,
0
, bmp.getWidth(), bmp.getWidth()),
36.
new
Rect(
0
,
0
, dstWidth, dstWidth), paint);
37.
mImg.setImageBitmap(resultBmp);
38.
bmp.recycle();
39.
}
40.
41.
private
int
calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
42.
int
reqWidth,
int
reqHeight) {
43.
// Raw height and width of image
44.
final
int
height = options.outHeight;
45.
final
int
width = options.outWidth;
46.
int
inSampleSize =
1
;
47.
48.
if
(height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
49.
50.
final
int
halfHeight = height /
2
;
51.
final
int
halfWidth = width /
2
;
52.
53.
// Calculate the largest inSampleSize value that is a power of 2 and
54.
// keeps both
55.
// height and width larger than the requested height and width.
56.
while
((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight
57.
&& (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {
58.
inSampleSize *=
2
;
59.
}
60.
}
61.
return
inSampleSize;
62.
}
再来看一下效果:
首先我们需要了解一个类BitmapShader
引用的介绍如下:
public BitmapShader(Bitmap bitmap,Shader.TileMode tileX,Shader.TileMode tileY)
调用这个方法来产生一个画有一个位图的渲染器(Shader)。
bitmap 在渲染器内使用的位图
tileX The tiling mode for x to draw the bitmap in. 在位图上X方向花砖模式
tileY The tiling mode for y to draw the bitmap in. 在位图上Y方向花砖模式
TileMode:(一共有三种)
CLAMP :如果渲染器超出原始边界范围,会复制范围内边缘染色。
REPEAT :横向和纵向的重复渲染器图片,平铺。
MIRROR :横向和纵向的重复渲染器图片,这个和REPEAT 重复方式不一样,他是以镜像方式平铺。
知道这个原理后,我们贴出对应的代码:01.
public
class
CircleImageView
extends
ImageView {
02.
03.
private
static
final
String TAG = CircleImageView.
class
.getSimpleName();
04.
private
Paint mBitmapPaint =
new
Paint();
05.
private
int
mRadius;
06.
07.
public
CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
int
defStyleAttr) {
08.
super
(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
09.
init();
10.
}
11.
12.
public
CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
13.
super
(context, attrs);
14.
init();
15.
}
16.
17.
public
CircleImageView(Context context) {
18.
super
(context);
19.
init();
20.
}
21.
22.
private
void
init() {
23.
BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) getDrawable();
24.
if
(drawable ==
null
) {
25.
Log.i(TAG,
"drawable: null"
);
26.
return
;
27.
}
28.
Bitmap bmp = drawable.getBitmap();
29.
BitmapShader shader =
new
BitmapShader(bmp, TileMode.CLAMP,
30.
TileMode.CLAMP);
31.
mBitmapPaint.setShader(shader);
32.
mBitmapPaint.setAntiAlias(
true
);
33.
invalidate();
34.
}
35.
36.
@Override
37.
protected
void
onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
38.
if
(getDrawable() ==
null
) {
39.
return
;
40.
}
41.
mRadius = Math.min(getWidth()/
2
, getHeight()/
2
);
42.
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /
2
, getHeight() /
2
, mRadius,
43.
mBitmapPaint);
44.
}
45.
46.
}
是不是挺简单的
结果我就不显示了,跟上面的一样。上面也是最原始的代码,文章的结尾贴出一份完整优化过的代码共大家参考如下:
001.
public
class
CircleImageView
extends
ImageView {
002.
003.
private
static
final
ScaleType SCALE_TYPE = ScaleType.CENTER_CROP;
004.
005.
private
static
final
Bitmap.Config BITMAP_CONFIG = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
006.
private
static
final
int
COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION =
1
;
007.
008.
private
static
final
int
DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH =
0
;
009.
private
static
final
int
DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR = Color.BLACK;
010.
011.
private
final
RectF mDrawableRect =
new
RectF();
012.
private
final
RectF mBorderRect =
new
RectF();
013.
014.
private
final
Matrix mShaderMatrix =
new
Matrix();
015.
private
final
Paint mBitmapPaint =
new
Paint();
016.
private
final
Paint mBorderPaint =
new
Paint();
017.
018.
private
int
mBorderColor = DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR;
019.
private
int
mBorderWidth = DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH;
020.
021.
private
Bitmap mBitmap;
022.
private
BitmapShader mBitmapShader;
023.
private
int
mBitmapWidth;
024.
private
int
mBitmapHeight;
025.
026.
private
float
mDrawableRadius;
027.
private
float
mBorderRadius;
028.
029.
private
boolean
mReady;
030.
private
boolean
mSetupPending;
031.
032.
public
CircleImageView(Context context) {
033.
super
(context);
034.
035.
init();
036.
}
037.
038.
public
CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
039.
this
(context, attrs,
0
);
040.
}
041.
042.
public
CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
int
defStyle) {
043.
super
(context, attrs, defStyle);
044.
045.
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CircleImageView, defStyle,
0
);
046.
047.
mBorderWidth = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_width, DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH);
048.
mBorderColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_color, DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR);
049.
050.
a.recycle();
051.
052.
init();
053.
}
054.
055.
private
void
init() {
056.
super
.setScaleType(SCALE_TYPE);
057.
mReady =
true
;
058.
059.
if
(mSetupPending) {
060.
setup();
061.
mSetupPending =
false
;
062.
}
063.
}
064.
065.
@Override
066.
public
ScaleType getScaleType() {
067.
return
SCALE_TYPE;
068.
}
069.
070.
@Override
071.
public
void
setScaleType(ScaleType scaleType) {
072.
if
(scaleType != SCALE_TYPE) {
073.
throw
new
IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
"ScaleType %s not supported."
, scaleType));
074.
}
075.
}
076.
077.
@Override
078.
protected
void
onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
079.
if
(getDrawable() ==
null
) {
080.
return
;
081.
}
082.
083.
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /
2
, getHeight() /
2
, mDrawableRadius, mBitmapPaint);
084.
if
(mBorderWidth !=
0
) {
085.
canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /
2
, getHeight() /
2
, mBorderRadius, mBorderPaint);
086.
}
087.
}
088.
089.
@Override
090.
protected
void
onSizeChanged(
int
w,
int
h,
int
oldw,
int
oldh) {
091.
super
.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
092.
setup();
093.
}
094.
095.
public
int
getBorderColor() {
096.
return
mBorderColor;
097.
}
098.
099.
public
void
setBorderColor(
int
borderColor) {
100.
if
(borderColor == mBorderColor) {
101.
return
;
102.
}
103.
104.
mBorderColor = borderColor;
105.
mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
106.
invalidate();
107.
}
108.
109.
public
int
getBorderWidth() {
110.
return
mBorderWidth;
111.
}
112.
113.
public
void
setBorderWidth(
int
borderWidth) {
114.
if
(borderWidth == mBorderWidth) {
115.
return
;
116.
}
117.
118.
mBorderWidth = borderWidth;
119.
setup();
120.
}
121.
122.
@Override
123.
public
void
setImageBitmap(Bitmap bm) {
124.
super
.setImageBitmap(bm);
125.
mBitmap = bm;
126.
setup();
127.
}
128.
129.
@Override
130.
public
void
setImageDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
131.
super
.setImageDrawable(drawable);
132.
mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(drawable);
133.
setup();
134.
}
135.
136.
@Override
137.
public
void
setImageResource(
int
resId) {
138.
super
.setImageResource(resId);
139.
mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable());
140.
setup();
141.
}
142.
143.
@Override
144.
public
void
setImageURI(Uri uri) {
145.
super
.setImageURI(uri);
146.
mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable());
147.
setup();
148.
}
149.
150.
private
Bitmap getBitmapFromDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
151.
if
(drawable ==
null
) {
152.
return
null
;
153.
}
154.
155.
if
(drawable
instanceof
BitmapDrawable) {
156.
return
((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
157.
}
158.
159.
try
{
160.
Bitmap bitmap;
161.
162.
if
(drawable
instanceof
ColorDrawable) {
163.
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, BITMAP_CONFIG);
164.
}
else
{
165.
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), BITMAP_CONFIG);
166.
}
167.
168.
Canvas canvas =
new
Canvas(bitmap);
169.
drawable.setBounds(
0
,
0
, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
170.
drawable.draw(canvas);
171.
return
bitmap;
172.
}
catch
(OutOfMemoryError e) {
173.
return
null
;
174.
}
175.
}
176.
177.
private
void
setup() {
178.
if
(!mReady) {
179.
mSetupPending =
true
;
180.
return
;
181.
}
182.
183.
if
(mBitmap ==
null
) {
184.
return
;
185.
}
186.
187.
mBitmapShader =
new
BitmapShader(mBitmap, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
188.
189.
mBitmapPaint.setAntiAlias(
true
);
190.
mBitmapPaint.setShader(mBitmapShader);
191.
192.
mBorderPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
193.
mBorderPaint.setAntiAlias(
true
);
194.
mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
195.
mBorderPaint.setStrokeWidth(mBorderWidth);
196.
197.
mBitmapHeight = mBitmap.getHeight();
198.
mBitmapWidth = mBitmap.getWidth();
199.
200.
mBorderRect.set(
0
,
0
, getWidth(), getHeight());
201.
mBorderRadius = Math.min((mBorderRect.height() - mBorderWidth) /
2
, (mBorderRect.width() - mBorderWidth) /
2
);
202.
203.
mDrawableRect.set(mBorderWidth, mBorderWidth, mBorderRect.width() - mBorderWidth, mBorderRect.height() - mBorderWidth);
204.
mDrawableRadius = Math.min(mDrawableRect.height() /
2
, mDrawableRect.width() /
2
);
205.
206.
updateShaderMatrix();
207.
invalidate();
208.
}
209.
210.
private
void
updateShaderMatrix() {
211.
float
scale;
212.
float
dx =
0
;
213.
float
dy =
0
;
214.
215.
mShaderMatrix.set(
null
);
216.
217.
if
(mBitmapWidth * mDrawableRect.height() > mDrawableRect.width() * mBitmapHeight) {
218.
scale = mDrawableRect.height() / (
float
) mBitmapHeight;
219.
dx = (mDrawableRect.width() - mBitmapWidth * scale) *
0
.5f;
220.
}
else
{
221.
scale = mDrawableRect.width() / (
float
) mBitmapWidth;
222.
dy = (mDrawableRect.height() - mBitmapHeight * scale) *
0
.5f;
223.
}
224.
225.
mShaderMatrix.setScale(scale, scale);
226.
mShaderMatrix.postTranslate((
int
) (dx +
0
.5f) + mBorderWidth, (
int
) (dy +
0
.5f) + mBorderWidth);
227.
228.
mBitmapShader.setLocalMatrix(mShaderMatrix);
229.
}
230.
231.
}