SpringMVC整合Shiro

这里用的是SpringMVC-3.2.4和Shiro-1.2.2，示例代码如下

首先是web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	<!-- Web容器加载顺序ServletContext--context-param--listener--filter--servlet -->

	<!-- 指定Spring的配置文件 -->
	<!-- 否则Spring会默认从WEB-INF下寻找配置文件,contextConfigLocation属性是Spring内部固定的 -->
	<!-- 通过ContextLoaderListener的父类ContextLoader的第120行发现CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM固定为contextConfigLocation -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<!-- 防止发生java.beans.Introspector内存泄露,应将它配置在ContextLoaderListener的前面 -->
	<!-- 详细描述见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/11991457 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<!-- 实例化Spring容器 -->
	<!-- 应用启动时,该监听器被执行,它会读取Spring相关配置文件,其默认会到WEB-INF中查找applicationContext.xml -->
	<!-- http://starscream.iteye.com/blog/1107036 -->
	<!-- http://www.davenkin.me/post/2012-10-18/40039948363 -->
	<!-- WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext() -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 解决乱码问题 -->
	<!-- forceEncoding默认为false,此时效果可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
	<!-- forceEncoding=true后,可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")和response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置Shiro过滤器,先让Shiro过滤系统接收到的请求 -->
	<!-- 这里filter-name必须对应applicationContext.xml中定义的<bean id="shiroFilter"/> -->
	<!-- 使用[/*]匹配所有请求,保证所有的可控请求都经过Shiro的过滤 -->
	<!-- 通常会将此filter-mapping放置到最前面(即其他filter-mapping前面),以保证它是过滤器链中第一个起作用的 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<!-- 该值缺省为false,表示生命周期由SpringApplicationContext管理,设置为true则表示由ServletContainer管理 -->
			<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<!-- Session超时30分钟(零或负数表示会话永不超时) -->
	<!-- 
	<session-config>
		<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
	</session-config>
	 -->

	<!-- 默认欢迎页 -->
	<!-- Servlet2.5中可直接在此处执行Servlet应用,如<welcome-file>servlet/InitSystemParamServlet</welcome-file> -->
	<!-- 这里使用了SpringMVC提供的<mvc:view-controller>标签,实现了首页隐藏的目的,详见applicationContext.xml -->
	<!-- 
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	 -->
	
	<error-page>
		<error-code>405</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/405.html</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>404</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/404.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>500</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
		<location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
</web-app>

下面是用于显示Request method 'GET' not supported的//WebRoot//WEB-INF//405.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
	<head>
		<title>405.html</title>
		<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
	</head>
	<body>
		<font color="blue">
			Request method 'GET' not supported
			<br/><br/>
			The specified HTTP method is not allowed for the requested resource.
		</font>
	</body>
</html>

下面是允许匿名用户访问的//WebRoot//login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
function reloadVerifyCode(){
	document.getElementById('verifyCodeImage').setAttribute('src', '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mydemo/getVerifyCodeImage');
}
//-->
</script>

<div style="color:red; font-size:22px;">${message_login}</div>

<form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/login" method="POST">
	姓名：<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
	密码：<input type="text" name="password"/><br/>
	验证：<input type="text" name="verifyCode"/>
		   
		 <img id="verifyCodeImage" onclick="reloadVerifyCode()" src="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/getVerifyCodeImage"/><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="确认"/>
</form>

下面是用户登录后显示的//WebRoot//main.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
普通用户可访问<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/getUserInfo" target="_blank">用户信息页面</a>
<br/>
<br/>
管理员可访问<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/admin/listUser.jsp" target="_blank">用户列表页面</a>
<br/>
<br/>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/logout" target="_blank">Logout</a>

下面是只有管理员才允许访问的//WebRoot//admin//listUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
This is listUser.jsp
<br/>
<br/>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/logout" target="_blank">Logout</a>

下面是普通的登录用户所允许访问的//WebRoot//user//info.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
当前登录的用户为${currUser}
<br/>
<br/>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/mydemo/logout" target="_blank">Logout</a>

下面是//src//log4j.properties

#use Root for GobalConfig
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,CONSOLE

log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=DEBUG
log4j.logger.org.apache.commons=DEBUG
log4j.logger.org.springframework=DEBUG

#use ConsoleAppender for ConsoleOut
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d{yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss}][%t][%C{1}.%M]%m%n

下面是//src//applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
	<!-- 它背后注册了很多用于解析注解的处理器,其中就包括<context:annotation-config/>配置的注解所使用的处理器 -->
	<!-- 所以配置了<context:component-scan base-package="">之后,便无需再配置<context:annotation-config> -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.jadyer"/>
	
	<!-- 启用SpringMVC的注解功能,它会自动注册HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、ExceptionResolver的相关实例 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>

	<!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图解析器 -->
	<!-- 其viewClass属性的默认值就是org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面(即定义无需Controller的url<->view直接映射) -->
	<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/login.jsp"/>

	<!-- 由于web.xml中设置是：由SpringMVC拦截所有请求,于是在读取静态资源文件的时候就会受到影响(说白了就是读不到) -->
	<!-- 经过下面的配置，该标签的作用就是：所有页面中引用"/js/**"的资源，都会从"/resources/js/"里面进行查找 -->
	<!-- 我们可以访问http://IP:8080/xxx/js/my.css和http://IP:8080/xxx/resources/js/my.css对比出来 -->
	<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/WEB-INF/**" location="/WEB-INF/"/>

	<!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时，会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException -->
	<!-- 该异常是SpringMVC在检查上传的文件信息时抛出来的，而且此时还没有进入到Controller方法中 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
		<property name="exceptionMappings">
			<props>
				<!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时，自动跳转到/WEB-INF/error_fileupload.jsp页面 -->
				<prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">WEB-INF/error_fileupload</prop>
				<!-- 处理其它异常(包括Controller抛出的) -->
				<prop key="java.lang.Throwable">WEB-INF/500</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 继承自AuthorizingRealm的自定义Realm,即指定Shiro验证用户登录的类为自定义的ShiroDbRealm.java -->
	<bean id="myRealm" class="com.jadyer.realm.MyRealm"/>

	<!-- Shiro默认会使用Servlet容器的Session,可通过sessionMode属性来指定使用Shiro原生Session -->
	<!-- 即<property name="sessionMode" value="native"/>,详细说明见官方文档 -->
	<!-- 这里主要是设置自定义的单Realm应用,若有多个Realm,可使用'realms'属性代替 -->
	<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
		<property name="realm" ref="myRealm"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- Shiro主过滤器本身功能十分强大,其强大之处就在于它支持任何基于URL路径表达式的、自定义的过滤器的执行 -->
	<!-- Web应用中,Shiro可控制的Web请求必须经过Shiro主过滤器的拦截,Shiro对基于Spring的Web应用提供了完美的支持 -->
	<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
		<!-- Shiro的核心安全接口,这个属性是必须的 -->
		<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
		<!-- 要求登录时的链接(可根据项目的URL进行替换),非必须的属性,默认会自动寻找Web工程根目录下的"/login.jsp"页面 -->
		<property name="loginUrl" value="/"/>
		<!-- 登录成功后要跳转的连接(本例中此属性用不到,因为登录成功后的处理逻辑在LoginController里硬编码为main.jsp了) -->
		<!-- <property name="successUrl" value="/system/main"/> -->
		<!-- 用户访问未对其授权的资源时,所显示的连接 -->
		<!-- 若想更明显的测试此属性可以修改它的值,如unauthor.jsp,然后用[玄玉]登录后访问/admin/listUser.jsp就看见浏览器会显示unauthor.jsp -->
		<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/"/>
		<!-- Shiro连接约束配置,即过滤链的定义 -->
		<!-- 此处可配合我的这篇文章来理解各个过滤连的作用http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/12172839 -->
		<!-- 下面value值的第一个'/'代表的路径是相对于HttpServletRequest.getContextPath()的值来的 -->
		<!-- anon：它对应的过滤器里面是空的,什么都没做,这里.do和.jsp后面的*表示参数,比方说login.jsp?main这种 -->
		<!-- authc：该过滤器下的页面必须验证后才能访问,它是Shiro内置的一个拦截器org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.FormAuthenticationFilter -->
		<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
			<value>
				/mydemo/login=anon
				/mydemo/getVerifyCodeImage=anon
				/main**=authc
				/user/info**=authc
				/admin/listUser**=authc,perms[admin:manage]
			</value>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 保证实现了Shiro内部lifecycle函数的bean执行 -->
	<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>

	<!-- 开启Shiro的注解(如@RequiresRoles,@RequiresPermissions),需借助SpringAOP扫描使用Shiro注解的类,并在必要时进行安全逻辑验证 -->
	<!-- 配置以下两个bean即可实现此功能 -->
	<!-- Enable Shiro Annotations for Spring-configured beans. Only run after the lifecycleBeanProcessor has run -->
	<!-- 由于本例中并未使用Shiro注解,故注释掉这两个bean(个人觉得将权限通过注解的方式硬编码在程序中,查看起来不是很方便,没必要使用) -->
	<!-- 
	<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
	<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
		<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
	</bean>
	 -->
</beans>

下面是自定义的Realm类----MyRealm.java

package com.jadyer.realm;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;

/**
 * 自定义的指定Shiro验证用户登录的类
 * @see 在本例中定义了2个用户:jadyer和玄玉,jadyer具有admin角色和admin:manage权限,玄玉不具有任何角色和权限
 * @create Sep 29, 2013 3:15:31 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
	/**
	 * 为当前登录的Subject授予角色和权限
	 * @see 经测试:本例中该方法的调用时机为需授权资源被访问时
	 * @see 经测试:并且每次访问需授权资源时都会执行该方法中的逻辑,这表明本例中默认并未启用AuthorizationCache
	 * @see 个人感觉若使用了Spring3.1开始提供的ConcurrentMapCache支持,则可灵活决定是否启用AuthorizationCache
	 * @see 比如说这里从数据库获取权限信息时,先去访问Spring3.1提供的缓存,而不使用Shior提供的AuthorizationCache
	 */
	@Override
	protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals){
		//获取当前登录的用户名,等价于(String)principals.fromRealm(this.getName()).iterator().next()
		String currentUsername = (String)super.getAvailablePrincipal(principals);
//		List<String> roleList = new ArrayList<String>();
//		List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<String>();
//		//从数据库中获取当前登录用户的详细信息
//		User user = userService.getByUsername(currentUsername);
//		if(null != user){
//			//实体类User中包含有用户角色的实体类信息
//			if(null!=user.getRoles() && user.getRoles().size()>0){
//				//获取当前登录用户的角色
//				for(Role role : user.getRoles()){
//					roleList.add(role.getName());
//					//实体类Role中包含有角色权限的实体类信息
//					if(null!=role.getPermissions() && role.getPermissions().size()>0){
//						//获取权限
//						for(Permission pmss : role.getPermissions()){
//							if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(pmss.getPermission())){
//								permissionList.add(pmss.getPermission());
//							}
//						}
//					}
//				}
//			}
//		}else{
//			throw new AuthorizationException();
//		}
//		//为当前用户设置角色和权限
//		SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//		simpleAuthorInfo.addRoles(roleList);
//		simpleAuthorInfo.addStringPermissions(permissionList);
		SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
		//实际中可能会像上面注释的那样从数据库取得
		if(null!=currentUsername && "jadyer".equals(currentUsername)){
			//添加一个角色,不是配置意义上的添加,而是证明该用户拥有admin角色  
			simpleAuthorInfo.addRole("admin");
			//添加权限
			simpleAuthorInfo.addStringPermission("admin:manage");
			System.out.println("已为用户[jadyer]赋予了[admin]角色和[admin:manage]权限");
			return simpleAuthorInfo;
		}else if(null!=currentUsername && "玄玉".equals(currentUsername)){
			System.out.println("当前用户[玄玉]无授权");
			return simpleAuthorInfo;
		}
		//若该方法什么都不做直接返回null的话,就会导致任何用户访问/admin/listUser.jsp时都会自动跳转到unauthorizedUrl指定的地址
		//详见applicationContext.xml中的<bean id="shiroFilter">的配置
		return null;
	}

	
	/**
	 * 验证当前登录的Subject
	 * @see 经测试:本例中该方法的调用时机为LoginController.login()方法中执行Subject.login()时
	 */
	@Override
	protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authcToken) throws AuthenticationException {
		//获取基于用户名和密码的令牌
		//实际上这个authcToken是从LoginController里面currentUser.login(token)传过来的
		//两个token的引用都是一样的,本例中是org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken@33799a1e
		UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken)authcToken;
		System.out.println("验证当前Subject时获取到token为" + ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(token, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE));
//		User user = userService.getByUsername(token.getUsername());
//		if(null != user){
//			AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.getNickname());
//			this.setSession("currentUser", user);
//			return authcInfo;
//		}else{
//			return null;
//		}
		//此处无需比对,比对的逻辑Shiro会做,我们只需返回一个和令牌相关的正确的验证信息
		//说白了就是第一个参数填登录用户名,第二个参数填合法的登录密码(可以是从数据库中取到的,本例中为了演示就硬编码了)
		//这样一来,在随后的登录页面上就只有这里指定的用户和密码才能通过验证
		if("jadyer".equals(token.getUsername())){
			AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("jadyer", "jadyer", this.getName());
			this.setSession("currentUser", "jadyer");
			return authcInfo;
		}else if("玄玉".equals(token.getUsername())){
			AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("玄玉", "xuanyu", this.getName());
			this.setSession("currentUser", "玄玉");
			return authcInfo;
		}
		//没有返回登录用户名对应的SimpleAuthenticationInfo对象时,就会在LoginController中抛出UnknownAccountException异常
		return null;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 将一些数据放到ShiroSession中,以便于其它地方使用
	 * @see 比如Controller,使用时直接用HttpSession.getAttribute(key)就可以取到
	 */
	private void setSession(Object key, Object value){
		Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
		if(null != currentUser){
			Session session = currentUser.getSession();
			System.out.println("Session默认超时时间为[" + session.getTimeout() + "]毫秒");
			if(null != session){
				session.setAttribute(key, value);
			}
		}
	}
}

下面是处理用户登录的LoginController.java

package com.jadyer.controller;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.ExcessiveAttemptsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.web.util.WebUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

import com.jadyer.util.VerifyCodeUtil;

/**
 * 本例中用到的jar文件如下
 * @see aopalliance.jar
 * @see commons-lang3-3.1.jar
 * @see commons-logging-1.1.2.jar
 * @see log4j-1.2.17.jar
 * @see shiro-all-1.2.2.jar
 * @see slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar
 * @see slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar
 * @see spring-aop-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-beans-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-core-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-expression-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-jdbc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-oxm-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-tx-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-web-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-webmvc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @create Sep 30, 2013 11:10:06 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("mydemo")
public class LoginController {
	/**
	 * 获取验证码图片和文本(验证码文本会保存在HttpSession中)
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/getVerifyCodeImage")
	public void getVerifyCodeImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
		//设置页面不缓存
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtil.generateTextCode(VerifyCodeUtil.TYPE_NUM_ONLY, 4, null);
		//将验证码放到HttpSession里面
		request.getSession().setAttribute("verifyCode", verifyCode);
		System.out.println("本次生成的验证码为[" + verifyCode + "],已存放到HttpSession中");
		//设置输出的内容的类型为JPEG图像
		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
		BufferedImage bufferedImage = VerifyCodeUtil.generateImageCode(verifyCode, 90, 30, 3, true, Color.WHITE, Color.BLACK, null);
		//写给浏览器
		ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 用户登录
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/login", method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String login(HttpServletRequest request){
		String resultPageURL = InternalResourceViewResolver.FORWARD_URL_PREFIX + "/";
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		//获取HttpSession中的验证码
		String verifyCode = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("verifyCode");
		//获取用户请求表单中输入的验证码
		String submitCode = WebUtils.getCleanParam(request, "verifyCode");
		System.out.println("用户[" + username + "]登录时输入的验证码为[" + submitCode + "],HttpSession中的验证码为[" + verifyCode + "]");
		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(submitCode) || !StringUtils.equals(verifyCode, submitCode.toLowerCase())){
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "验证码不正确");
			return resultPageURL;
		}
		UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
		token.setRememberMe(true);
		System.out.println("为了验证登录用户而封装的token为" + ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(token, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE));
		//获取当前的Subject
		Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
		try {
			//在调用了login方法后,SecurityManager会收到AuthenticationToken,并将其发送给已配置的Realm执行必须的认证检查
			//每个Realm都能在必要时对提交的AuthenticationTokens作出反应
			//所以这一步在调用login(token)方法时,它会走到MyRealm.doGetAuthenticationInfo()方法中,具体验证方式详见此方法
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证开始");
			currentUser.login(token);
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证通过");
			resultPageURL = "main";
		}catch(UnknownAccountException uae){
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,未知账户");
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "未知账户");
		}catch(IncorrectCredentialsException ice){
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,错误的凭证");
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "密码不正确");
		}catch(LockedAccountException lae){
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,账户已锁定");
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "账户已锁定");
		}catch(ExcessiveAttemptsException eae){
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,错误次数过多");
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "用户名或密码错误次数过多");
		}catch(AuthenticationException ae){
			//通过处理Shiro的运行时AuthenticationException就可以控制用户登录失败或密码错误时的情景
			System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,堆栈轨迹如下");
			ae.printStackTrace();
			request.setAttribute("message_login", "用户名或密码不正确");
		}
		//验证是否登录成功
		if(currentUser.isAuthenticated()){
			System.out.println("用户[" + username + "]登录认证通过(这里可以进行一些认证通过后的一些系统参数初始化操作)");
		}else{
			token.clear();
		}
		return resultPageURL;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 用户登出
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/logout")
	public String logout(HttpServletRequest request){
		 SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout();
		 return InternalResourceViewResolver.REDIRECT_URL_PREFIX + "/";
	}
}

下面是处理普通用户访问的UserController.java

package com.jadyer.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("mydemo")
public class UserController {
	@RequestMapping(value="/getUserInfo")
	public String getUserInfo(HttpServletRequest request){
		String currentUser = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("currentUser");
		System.out.println("当前登录的用户为[" + currentUser + "]");
		request.setAttribute("currUser", currentUser);
		return "/user/info";
	}
}

最后是用于生成登录验证码的VerifyCodeUtil.java

package com.jadyer.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 验证码生成器
 * @see --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see 可生成数字、大写、小写字母及三者混合类型的验证码
 * @see 支持自定义验证码字符数量,支持自定义验证码图片的大小,支持自定义需排除的特殊字符,支持自定义干扰线的数量,支持自定义验证码图文颜色
 * @see --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @see 另外,给Shiro加入验证码有多种方式,也可以通过继承修改FormAuthenticationFilter类,通过Shiro去验证验证码
 * @see 而这里既然使用了SpringMVC,也为了简化操作,就使用此工具生成验证码,并在Controller中处理验证码的校验
 * @see --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * @create Sep 29, 2013 4:23:13 PM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
public class VerifyCodeUtil {
	/**
	 * 验证码类型为仅数字,即0~9
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_NUM_ONLY = 0;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为仅字母,即大小写字母混合
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_LETTER_ONLY = 1;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为数字和大小写字母混合
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_ALL_MIXED = 2;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为数字和大写字母混合
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_NUM_UPPER = 3;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为数字和小写字母混合
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_NUM_LOWER = 4;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为仅大写字母
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_UPPER_ONLY = 5;

	/**
	 * 验证码类型为仅小写字母
	 */
	public static final int TYPE_LOWER_ONLY = 6;

	private VerifyCodeUtil(){}
	
	/**
	 * 生成随机颜色
	 */
	private static Color generateRandomColor() {
		Random random = new Random();
		return new Color(random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255));
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 生成图片验证码
	 * @param type           验证码类型,参见本类的静态属性
	 * @param length         验证码字符长度,要求大于0的整数
	 * @param excludeString  需排除的特殊字符
	 * @param width          图片宽度(注意此宽度若过小,容易造成验证码文本显示不全,如4个字符的文本可使用85到90的宽度)
	 * @param height         图片高度
	 * @param interLine      图片中干扰线的条数
	 * @param randomLocation 每个字符的高低位置是否随机
	 * @param backColor      图片颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @param foreColor      字体颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @param lineColor      干扰线颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @return 图片缓存对象
	 */
	public static BufferedImage generateImageCode(int type, int length, String excludeString, int width, int height, int interLine, boolean randomLocation, Color backColor, Color foreColor, Color lineColor){
		String textCode = generateTextCode(type, length, excludeString);
		return generateImageCode(textCode, width, height, interLine, randomLocation, backColor, foreColor, lineColor);
	}
	

	/**
	 * 生成验证码字符串
	 * @param type          验证码类型,参见本类的静态属性
	 * @param length        验证码长度,要求大于0的整数
	 * @param excludeString 需排除的特殊字符（无需排除则为null）
	 * @return 验证码字符串
	 */
	public static String generateTextCode(int type, int length, String excludeString){
		if(length <= 0){
			return "";
		}
		StringBuffer verifyCode = new StringBuffer();
		int i = 0;
		Random random = new Random();
		switch(type){
			case TYPE_NUM_ONLY:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(10);
					//排除特殊字符
					if(null==excludeString || excludeString.indexOf(t+"")<0) {
						verifyCode.append(t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_LETTER_ONLY:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(123);
					if((t>=97 || (t>=65&&t<=90)) && (null==excludeString||excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_ALL_MIXED:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(123);
					if((t>=97 || (t>=65&&t<=90) || (t>=48&&t<=57)) && (null==excludeString||excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_NUM_UPPER:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(91);
					if((t>=65 || (t>=48&&t<=57)) && (null==excludeString || excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_NUM_LOWER:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(123);
					if((t>=97 || (t>=48&&t<=57)) && (null==excludeString || excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_UPPER_ONLY:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(91);
					if((t >= 65) && (null==excludeString||excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
			case TYPE_LOWER_ONLY:
				while(i < length){
					int t = random.nextInt(123);
					if((t>=97) && (null==excludeString||excludeString.indexOf((char)t)<0)){
						verifyCode.append((char)t);
						i++;
					}
				}
			break;
		}
		return verifyCode.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * 已有验证码,生成验证码图片
	 * @param textCode       文本验证码
	 * @param width          图片宽度(注意此宽度若过小,容易造成验证码文本显示不全,如4个字符的文本可使用85到90的宽度)
	 * @param height         图片高度
	 * @param interLine      图片中干扰线的条数
	 * @param randomLocation 每个字符的高低位置是否随机
	 * @param backColor      图片颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @param foreColor      字体颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @param lineColor      干扰线颜色,若为null则表示采用随机颜色
	 * @return 图片缓存对象
	 */
	public static BufferedImage generateImageCode(String textCode, int width, int height, int interLine, boolean randomLocation, Color backColor, Color foreColor, Color lineColor){
		//创建内存图像
		BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		//获取图形上下文
		Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();
		//画背景图
		graphics.setColor(null==backColor ? generateRandomColor() : backColor);
		graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
		//画干扰线
		Random random = new Random();
		if(interLine > 0){
			int x = 0, y = 0, x1 = width, y1 = 0;
			for(int i=0; i<interLine; i++){
				graphics.setColor(null==lineColor ? generateRandomColor() : lineColor);
				y = random.nextInt(height);
				y1 = random.nextInt(height);
				graphics.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);
			}
		}
		//字体大小为图片高度的80%
		int fsize = (int)(height * 0.8);
		int fx = height - fsize;
		int fy = fsize;
		//设定字体
		graphics.setFont(new Font("Default", Font.PLAIN, fsize));
		//写验证码字符
		for(int i=0; i<textCode.length(); i++){
			fy = randomLocation ? (int)((Math.random()*0.3+0.6)*height) : fy;
			graphics.setColor(null==foreColor ? generateRandomColor() : foreColor);
			//将验证码字符显示到图象中
			graphics.drawString(textCode.charAt(i)+"", fx, fy);
			fx += fsize * 0.9;
		}
		graphics.dispose();
		return bufferedImage;
	}
}