dao层service层分别使用dbunit以及easymock进行单元测试

Java中经常对service层和dao层进行单元测试，对dao层进行测试可以使用dbunit进行测试，对service可以使用easyMock和spring-test.jar进行测试

（1）dao层使用dbunit进行测试

①写一个关于Assert的类，这个类主要是用来使用junit进行实际与理想值的比较

import java.util.List;

import junit.framework.Assert;

public class EntitiesHelper {
	private static User baseUser = new User(1,"admin1");
	
	public static void assertUser(User expected,User actual) {
		Assert.assertNotNull(expected);
		Assert.assertEquals(expected.getId(), actual.getId());
		Assert.assertEquals(expected.getUsername(), actual.getUsername());
	}
	
	public static void assertUsers(List<User> expected,List<User> actuals) {
		for(int i=0;i<expected.size();i++) {
			User eu = expected.get(i);
			User au = actuals.get(i);
			assertUser(eu, au);
		}
	}
	
	public static void assertUser(User expected) {
		assertUser(expected, baseUser);
	}
}

②DBUtil这个类，主要是进行数据库的相关基本模拟操作

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DbUtil {
	public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		Connection con = null;
		con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cms_test", 
				"root", "123465");
		return con;
	}
	
	public static void close(Connection con) {
		try {
			if(con!=null) con.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void close(PreparedStatement ps) {
		try {
			if(ps!=null) ps.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void close(ResultSet rs) {
		try {
			if(rs!=null) rs.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

③AbstractDbUnitTestCase这个类就是DBunit这个工具的具体定义，内部通过上面（2）的DBUtil和下面（4）的xml文件模拟一个数据库的关系操作

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.dbunit.DatabaseUnitException;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.DataSetException;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlProducer;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

public class AbstractDbUnitTestCase {
	public static IDatabaseConnection dbunitCon;
	private File tempFile;
	
	@BeforeClass
	public static void init() throws DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		dbunitCon = new DatabaseConnection(DbUtil.getConnection());
	}
	
	protected IDataSet createDateSet(String tname) throws DataSetException {
		InputStream is = AbstractDbUnitTestCase
					.class
					.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(tname+".xml");
		Assert.assertNotNull("dbunit的基本数据文件不存在",is);
		return new FlatXmlDataSet(new FlatXmlProducer(new InputSource(is)));
	}
	
	protected void backupAllTable() throws SQLException, IOException, DataSetException {
		IDataSet ds = dbunitCon.createDataSet();
		writeBackupFile(ds);
	}
	
	private void writeBackupFile(IDataSet ds) throws IOException, DataSetException {
		tempFile = File.createTempFile("back","xml");
		FlatXmlDataSet.write(ds, new FileWriter(tempFile));
	}
	
	protected void backupCustomTable(String[] tname) throws DataSetException, IOException {
		QueryDataSet ds = new QueryDataSet(dbunitCon);
		for(String str:tname) {
			ds.addTable(str);
		}
		writeBackupFile(ds);
	}
	
	protected void bakcupOneTable(String tname) throws DataSetException, IOException {
		backupCustomTable(new String[]{tname});
	}
	
	protected void resumeTable() throws FileNotFoundException, DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		IDataSet ds = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FlatXmlProducer(new InputSource(new FileInputStream(tempFile))));
		DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(dbunitCon, ds);
	}
	
	
	@AfterClass
	public static void destory() {
		try {
			if(dbunitCon!=null) dbunitCon.close();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

④xml配置文件，和数据库的字段是完全对应的，用来建立基本的本地数据库数据

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<dataset>
	<t_user id="1" username="admin1"/>
	<t_user id="2" username="admin2"/>
	<t_user id="3" username="admin3"/>
	<t_user id="4" username="admin4"/>
	<t_user id="5" username="admin5"/>
	<t_user id="6" username="admin6"/>
	<t_user id="7" username="admin7"/>
	<t_user id="8" username="admin8"/>
	<t_user id="9" username="admin9"/>
	<t_user id="10" username="admin10"/>
	<t_user id="11" username="admin11"/>
	<t_user id="12" username="admin12"/>
	<t_user id="13" username="admin13"/>
	<t_user id="14" username="admin14"/>
	<t_user id="15" username="admin15"/>
	<t_user id="16" username="admin16"/>
	<t_user id="17" username="admin17"/>
	<t_user id="18" username="admin18"/>
</dataset>

⑤测试java代码

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.dbunit.DatabaseUnitException;
import org.dbunit.dataset.DataSetException;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
import org.hibernate.ObjectNotFoundException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.SessionHolder;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;

import com.github.springtestdbunit.DbUnitTestExecutionListener;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/beans.xml")
@TestExecutionListeners({DbUnitTestExecutionListener.class, 
		DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class})
public class TestUserDao extends AbstractDbUnitTestCase{
	@Inject
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	@Inject
	private IUserDao userDao;
	
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws DataSetException, SQLException, IOException {
		Session s = sessionFactory.openSession();
		TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(sessionFactory, new SessionHolder(s));
		this.backupAllTable();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testLoad() throws DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		IDataSet ds = createDateSet("t_user");
		DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(dbunitCon,ds);
		User u = userDao.load(1);
		EntitiesHelper.assertUser(u);
	}
	
	@Test(expected=ObjectNotFoundException.class)
	public void testDelete() throws DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		IDataSet ds = createDateSet("t_user");
		DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(dbunitCon,ds);
		userDao.delete(1);
		User tu = userDao.load(1);
		System.out.println(tu.getUsername());
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testListByArgs() throws DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		IDataSet ds = createDateSet("t_user");
		DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(dbunitCon,ds);
		SystemContext.setOrder("desc");
		SystemContext.setSort("id");
		List<User> expected = userDao.list("from User where id>? and id<?", new Object[]{1,4});
		List<User> actuals = Arrays.asList(new User(3,"admin3"),new User(2,"admin2"));
		assertNotNull(expected);
		assertTrue(expected.size()==2);
		EntitiesHelper.assertUsers(expected, actuals);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testListByArgsAndAlias() throws DatabaseUnitException, SQLException {
		IDataSet ds = createDateSet("t_user");
		DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(dbunitCon,ds);
		SystemContext.setOrder("asc");
		SystemContext.setSort("id");
		Map<String,Object> alias = new HashMap<String,Object>();
		alias.put("ids", Arrays.asList(1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10));
		List<User> expected = userDao.list("from User where id>? and id<? and id in(:ids)", new Object[]{1,5},alias);
		List<User> actuals = Arrays.asList(new User(2,"admin2"),new User(3,"admin3"));
		assertNotNull(expected);
		assertTrue(expected.size()==2);
		EntitiesHelper.assertUsers(expected, actuals);
        }
 }

（2）使用easymock对service进行测试

①增加easymock以及spring-test这两个用来测试的jar依赖

<dependency>
	      <groupId>junit</groupId>
	      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		  <version>4.10</version>
		  <scope>test</scope>
	    </dependency>
  		<dependency>
		  <groupId>org.easymock</groupId>
		  <artifactId>easymock</artifactId>
		  <version>3.1</version>
		  <scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

②需要在/src/test/resources/下增加一个xml文件，为test-beans.xml，可以直接拷贝前面spring用到的beans.xml进行修改如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
         
	<!-- 打开Spring的Annotation支持 -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	
	<bean id="userDao" class="org.easymock.EasyMock" factory-method="createStrictMock">
		<constructor-arg value="org.lxp.cms.dao.IUserDao"/>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="roleDao" class="org.easymock.EasyMock" factory-method="createStrictMock">
		<constructor-arg value="org.lxp.cms.dao.IRoleDao"/>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="groupDao" class="org.easymock.EasyMock" factory-method="createStrictMock">
		<constructor-arg value="org.lxp.cms.dao.IGroupDao"/>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="userService" class="org.lxp.cms.service.UserService">
		<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
		<property name="groupDao" ref="groupDao"/>
		<property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="groupService" class="org.lxp.cms.service.GroupService">
		<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
		<property name="groupDao" ref="groupDao"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="roleService" class="org.lxp.cms.service.RoleService">
		<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
		<property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
	</bean>
</beans>

③测试java代码实现

import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expectLastCall;
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.replay;
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.reset;
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.verify;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.easymock.EasyMock;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/test-beans.xml")
public class TestUserService {
	@Inject
	private IUserService userService;
	@Inject
	private IRoleDao roleDao;
	@Inject
	private IUserDao userDao;
	@Inject
	private IGroupDao groupDao;
	private User baseUser = new User(1,"admin1","123","admin1","admin1@","123",0);
	
	@Test
	public void testDelete() {
		reset(userDao);
		int uid = 2;
		userDao.deleteUserGroups(uid);
		expectLastCall();
		userDao.deleteUserRoles(uid);
		expectLastCall();
		userDao.delete(uid);
		expectLastCall();
		replay(userDao);
		userService.delete(uid);
		verify(userDao);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testUpdateStatus() {
		reset(userDao);
		int uid = 2;
		expect(userDao.load(uid)).andReturn(baseUser);
		userDao.update(baseUser);
		expectLastCall();
		replay(userDao);
		userService.updateStatus(uid);
		Assert.assertEquals(baseUser.getStatus(), 1);
		verify(userDao);
		
	}
	
	@Test(expected=CmsException.class)
	public void testUpdateStatusNoUser() {
		reset(userDao);
		int uid = 2;
		expect(userDao.load(uid)).andReturn(null);
		userDao.update(baseUser);
		expectLastCall();
		replay(userDao);
		userService.updateStatus(uid);
		Assert.assertEquals(baseUser.getStatus(), 1);
		verify(userDao);
		
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testFindUser() {
		reset(userDao);
		expect(userDao.findUser()).andReturn(new Pager<User>());
		replay(userDao);
		userService.findUser();
		verify(userDao);
		
	}
}