android 静默安装、卸载实现

摘要  android 静默安装、卸载实现

目录[-]

1.系统安装程序

2.监听系统发出的安装广播

3.系统隐藏的api

4.拷贝apk

5.效果图

6.补充说明

android签名机制（1）——了解签名

android中应用的安装卸载，大家（用android设备的）肯定不陌生。这里就来浅谈android应用的安装、卸载的实现方式。

1.系统安装程序

android自带了一个安装程序---/system/app/PackageInstaller.apk.大多数情况下，我们手机上安装应用都是通过这个apk来安装的。代码使用也非常简单：

/* 安装apk */
    public  static  void  installApk(Context context, String fileName) {
        Intent intent =  new  Intent();
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse( "file://"  + fileName),
                "application/vnd.android.package-archive" );
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

    /* 卸载apk */
    public  static  void  uninstallApk(Context context, String packageName) {
        Uri uri = Uri.parse( "package:"  + packageName);
        Intent intent =  new  Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

通过发一个Intent,把应用所在的路径封装整uri.之后默认启动了PackageInstaller.apk来安装程序了。
但是此种情况下，仅仅是个demo而已，很难达到开发者的需求。如：
 

• 界面不好

• 什么时候安装完了，卸载完了呢？

为了达到自己的需求，相信很多人都会接着来监听系统安装卸载的广播，继续接下来的代码逻辑。

2.监听系统发出的安装广播

在安装和卸载完后，android系统会发一个广播

• android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED（安装）
  

• android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED（卸载）
  

咱们就监听这广播，来做响应的逻辑处理。实现代码：

public  class  MonitorSysReceiver  extends  BroadcastReceiver{

    @Override
    public  void  onReceive(Context context, Intent intent){
        //接收安装广播
        if  (intent.getAction().equals( "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED" )) {
            //TODO
        }
        //接收卸载广播
        if  (intent.getAction().equals( "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED" )) {
            //TODO
        }
    }
}

AndroidMenifast.xml里配置：

  < receiver  android:name = ".MonitorSysReceiver" >
            < intent-filter >
             < action  android:name = "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED"  />
             < action  android:name = "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED"  />
            </ intent-filter >
  </ receiver >

到此，确实安装卸载的整体流程都知道了，但是这个效果肯定是无法达到项目的需求。
一般这种应用商店类的项目，肯定是会要自定义提示框效果的安装卸载功能，而不是调用系统的安装程序。
那咱就要想法子实现静默安装、卸载咯。
网上有很多法子，如执行adb install 或pm install -r命令安装。但我想这并不可靠。记得之前有做过一个应用来执行linux命令，是通过RunTime来执行命令的。
后来发现其实并不靠谱，还不如直接用C代码来实现。
下面这种调用系统隐藏api接口来实现静默安装卸载，是比较大众靠谱的，实现自定义的提示界面。O(∩_∩)O~

3.系统隐藏的api

隐藏api,顾名思义，普通情况下肯定是调用不到的。翻翻源码\frameworks\base\core\java\android\content\pm目录下PackageManager.java，应该发现
在注释行里有加上@hide声明。调用的安装下载接口如下：

public  abstract  void  installPackage(Uri packageURI,
            IPackageInstallObserver observer,  int  flags,
            String installerPackageName);

 public  abstract  void  deletePackage(String packageName,
 IPackageDeleteObserver observer,  int  flags);

并且都是抽象方法，需要咱们实现。 

看参数里IPackageInstallObserver  observer一个aidl回调通知接口，当前目录中找到这接口：

package  android.content.pm;

/**
 * API for installation callbacks from the Package Manager.
 * @hide
 */
oneway  interface  IPackageInstallObserver {
    void  packageInstalled(in String packageName,  int  returnCode);
}

好吧，这里有现成的干货，咱拿过来直接用呗（当然如果没有源码的那就算了，那能实现的只是demo）。具体步骤：

• 从源码中拷贝要使用的aidl回调接口：IPackageInstallObserver.aidl、IPackageDeleteObserver.aidl当然完全可以拷贝整个pm目录，这样就不会报错了O(∩_∩)O~。

• 作者项目里面用到了pm,所以把PackageManager.java以及涉及到的一些文件也拷贝过来了，不然eclipse报找不到PackageManager对象。结构如下：
  
  （注：此处的包名android.content.pm一定要和源码目录结构一致，不然源码里编译会提示找不到aidl接口。一切朝源码编译看齐）
  此处有2种方式实现：
  1.直接只取IPackageDeleteObserver.aidl和IPackagerInstallObserver.aidl、IPackageMoveObserver.aidl等要使用的接口，然后通过bindService来和系统连接服务，然后直接调用接口即可（这种没有方式作者没试过，不过原理上来说应该是可行的，除非系统没有这个Service实现这个接口。有需求的可以深究下）
  2.作者此处的方法是直接拷贝了源码PackageManager.java等文件过来，不过靠过来之后eclipse会提示一些接口错误，但这里作者把上面那几个.java文件都放空了，因为用不到，只是为了编译过才拷贝了那么多文件。最简单的就是直接拷贝4个文件即可：
  PackageManager.java
  IPackageDeleteObserver.aidl
  IPackagerInstallObserver.aidl
  IPackageMoveObserver.aidl
  然后把PackageManager.java中报的异常的接口都注释掉即可

• 实现回调接口，代码如下
  

  class  MyPakcageInstallObserver  extends  IPackageInstallObserver.Stub {
          Context cxt;
          String appName;
          String filename;
          String pkname;
  
          public  MyPakcageInstallObserver(Context c, String appName,
                   String filename,String packagename) {
              this .cxt = c;
              this .appName = appName;
              this .filename = filename;
              this .pkname = packagename;
          }
  
          @Override
          public  void  packageInstalled(String packageName,  int  returnCode) {
              Log.i(TAG,  "returnCode = "  + returnCode); // 返回1代表安装成功
                          if  (returnCode ==  1 ) {
                              //TODO
                          }
              Intent it =  new  Intent();
              it.setAction(CustomAction.INSTALL_ACTION);
              it.putExtra( "install_returnCode" , returnCode);
              it.putExtra( "install_packageName" , packageName);
              it.putExtra( "install_appName" , appName); cxt.sendBroadcast(it);
          }
      }

  卸载回调接口同上。
  
  

• 调用PackageManager.java隐藏方法，代码如下：
  

  /**
       * 静默安装
       * */
      public  static  void  autoInstallApk(Context context, String fileName,
              String packageName, String APPName) {
          Log.d(TAG,  "jing mo an zhuang:"  + packageName +  ",fileName:"  + fileName);
          File file =  new  File(fileName);
          int  installFlags =  0 ;
          if  (!file.exists())
              return ;
          installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING;
          if  (hasSdcard()) {
              installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
          }
          PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
          try  {
              IPackageInstallObserver observer =  new  MyPakcageInstallObserver(
                      context, APPName, appId, fileName,packageName,type_name);
              Log.i(TAG,  "########installFlags:"  + installFlags+ "packagename:" +packageName);
              pm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(file), observer, installFlags,
                      packageName);
          }  catch  (Exception e) {
  
          }
  
      }

  卸载调用同上

很多码友联系，这里经常出错，现整理参考代码如下(下面代码有些格式问题)：

package  cn.thear;

import  java.io.File;

import  android.content.ContentResolver;
import  android.content.ContentValues;
import  android.content.Context;
import  android.content.Intent;
import  android.content.SharedPreferences;
import  android.content.pm.IPackageDeleteObserver;
import  android.content.pm.IPackageInstallObserver;
import  android.content.pm.IPackageMoveObserver;
import  android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import  android.net.Uri;
import  android.os.Environment;
import  android.os.RemoteException;
import  android.util.Log;

public  class  ApkOperateManager {
    public  static  String TAG =  "ApkOperateManager" ;

    /***安装apk */
    public  static  void  installApk(Context context, String fileName) {
        Intent intent =  new  Intent();
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse( "file://"  + fileName),
                "application/vnd.android.package-archive" );
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

    /**卸载apk */
    public  static  void  uninstallApk(Context context, String packageName) {
        Uri uri = Uri.parse( "package:"  + packageName);
        Intent intent =  new  Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

    /**
     * 静默安装
     * */
    public  static  void  installApkDefaul(Context context, String fileName,
            String packageName, String APPName, String appId, String type_name) {
        Log.d(TAG,  "jing mo an zhuang:"  + packageName +  ",fileName:"  + fileName
                +  ",type_name:"  + type_name);
        File file =  new  File(fileName);
        int  installFlags =  0 ;
        if  (!file.exists())
            return ;
        installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING;
        if  (hasSdcard()) {
            installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
        }
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
        // try {  try {
            IPackageInstallObserver observer =  new  MyPakcageInstallObserver(
                    context, APPName, appId, fileName, packageName, type_name);
            Log.i(TAG,  "########installFlags:"  + installFlags +  "packagename:"
                    + packageName);
            pm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(file), observer, installFlags,
                    packageName);
        }  catch  (Exception e) {
            ((MarketApplication) context).setApp_detail_status(appId,
                    MarketApplication.APP_STATUS_NOTEXIT);
        }

    }

    /* 静默卸载 */
    public  static  void  uninstallApkDefaul(Context context, String action,
            String packageName) {
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
        IPackageDeleteObserver observer =  new  MyPackageDeleteObserver(context,
                action, packageName);
        pm.deletePackage(packageName, observer,  0 );
    }

    /* 静默卸载回调 */
             private  static  class  MyPackageDeleteObserver  extends
            IPackageDeleteObserver.Stub {
        Context cxt;
        String action;
        String pkname;

        public  MyPackageDeleteObserver(Context c, String action, String pkname) {
            this .cxt = c;
            this .action = action;
            this .pkname = pkname;
        }

        @Override
public  void  packageDeleted(String packageName,  int  returnCode) {
            Log.d(TAG,  "returnCode = "  + returnCode +  ",action:"  + action
                    +  "packageName:"  + packageName +  ",pkname:"  + pkname); // 返回1代表卸载成功
            if  (returnCode ==  1 ) { //TODO 以下是删除数据库记录，只做参考
                /*SharedPreferences installedAPPInfo = cxt.getSharedPreferences(
                        "installedAPPInfo", Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
                if (installedAPPInfo.contains(packageName)) {
                    String appId = installedAPPInfo.getString(packageName,
                            "no this appId");
                    ((MarketApplication) cxt.getApplicationContext())
                            .setApp_detail_status(appId,
                                    MarketApplication.APP_STATUS_NOTEXIT);
                    installedAPPInfo.edit().remove(packageName).commit();
                    ContentResolver conResolver = cxt.getContentResolver();
                    conResolver.delete(InstalledAppInfo.CONTENT_URI,
                            InstalledAppInfo.APP_PKNAME + " = " + "'" + pkname
                                    + "'", null);
                }
                MarketApplication ma = ((MarketApplication) cxt
                        .getApplicationContext());
                Log.e(TAG, "###packageDeleted###111size:"
                        + ma.getManagerLists().size());
                ma.removeManagerItem(pkname);
                ma.removeUpdateItem(pkname);
                Log.e(TAG, "##packageDeleted####22222size:"
                        + ma.getManagerLists().size());*/
            }


            Intent it =  new  Intent();
            it.setAction(action);
            it.putExtra( "uninstall_returnCode" , returnCode);
            cxt.sendBroadcast(it);
        }
    }

    /* 静默安装回调 */
    private  static  class  MyPakcageInstallObserver  extends
            IPackageInstallObserver.Stub {
        Context cxt;
        String appName;
        String appId;
        String filename;
        String pkname;
        String type_name;

        public  MyPakcageInstallObserver(Context c, String appName,
                String appId, String filename, String packagename,
                String type_name) {
            this .cxt = c;
            this .appName = appName;
            this .appId = appId;
            this .filename = filename;
            this .pkname = packagename;
            this .type_name = type_name;
        }

        @Override
        public  void  packageInstalled(String packageName,  int  returnCode) {
            MarketApplication ma = ((MarketApplication) cxt
                    .getApplicationContext());
            Log.i(TAG,
                    "returnCode = "  + returnCode +  ","
                            + ma.getApp_detail_status(appId)); // 返回1代表安装成功
            Intent it =  new  Intent();
            it.setAction(CustomAction.INSTALL_ACTION);
            it.putExtra( "install_returnCode" , returnCode);
            it.putExtra( "install_packageName" , packageName);
            it.putExtra( "install_appName" , appName);
            it.putExtra( "install_appId" , appId);
            if  (returnCode ==  1 ) {
                //ma.getAPPList();
                //ma.setManagerLists();
                if  (ma.getApp_detail_status(appId) == MarketApplication.APP_STATUS_UPDATITNG) {
                    ma.removeUpdateItem(pkname);
                    cxt.sendBroadcast(it);
                    return ;
                }

                SharedPreferences installedAPPInfo = cxt.getSharedPreferences(
                        "installedAPPInfo" , Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
                installedAPPInfo.edit().putString(packageName, appId).commit();

                // 保存信息到数据库
                if  (appId !=  null  && appName !=  null  && pkname !=  null
                        && type_name !=  null ) {
                    ContentResolver conResolver = cxt.getContentResolver();
                    ContentValues values =  new  ContentValues();
                    values.put(InstalledAppInfo.APP_ID, appId);
                    values.put(InstalledAppInfo.APP_NAME, appName);
                    values.put(InstalledAppInfo.APP_PKNAME, pkname);
                    values.put(InstalledAppInfo.APP_TYPENAME, type_name);
                    Uri result = conResolver.insert(
                            InstalledAppInfo.CONTENT_URI, values);
                    Log.i(TAG,
                            "#########install suscess...result:"
                                    + result.toString());
                }
                ma.setApp_detail_status(appId,
                        MarketApplication.APP_STATUS_INSTALLED);
            }
            File f =  new  File(filename);
            if  (f.exists()) {
                f.delete();
            }

            cxt.sendBroadcast(it);
        }
    }

    /**
     * sd卡不存在
     */
    public  static  final  int  NO_SDCARD = - 1 ;

    /**
     * 移动应用到SD Card
     *
     * @param context
     * @param pkname
     * @return
     */
    public  static