Integrating C++ with QML

Qt quick中C++与QML的整合。

出自：
http://www.ics.com/blog/integrating-c-qml

把大象装冰箱里总共分四步：
1. 定义一个类，继承自QObject。
2. 在定义的类中声明Q_OBJECT，这样可以支持signals 和slots和meta-object system。
3. 通过Q_PROPERTY定义一些属性。
4. 在main程序中调用qmlRegisterType() 注册。

keygenerator.h

#ifndef KEYGENERATOR_H
#define KEYGENERATOR_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>

// Simple QML object to generate SSH key pairs by calling ssh-keygen.
 class KeyGenerator : public QObject { Q_OBJECT Q_PROPERTY(QString type READ type WRITE setType NOTIFY typeChanged) Q_PROPERTY(QStringList types READ types NOTIFY typesChanged) Q_PROPERTY(QString filename READ filename WRITE setFilename NOTIFY filenameChanged) Q_PROPERTY(QString passphrase READ filename WRITE setPassphrase NOTIFY passphraseChanged) public: KeyGenerator(); ~KeyGenerator(); QString type(); void setType(const QString &t); QStringList types(); QString filename(); void setFilename(const QString &f); QString passphrase(); void setPassphrase(const QString &p); public slots: void generateKey(); signals: void typeChanged(); void typesChanged(); void filenameChanged(); void passphraseChanged(); void keyGenerated(bool success); private: QString _type; QString _filename; QString _passphrase; QStringList _types; }; #endif 

keygenerator.cpp

#include <QFile>
#include <QProcess>
#include "KeyGenerator.h"

KeyGenerator::KeyGenerator()
    : _type("rsa"), _types{"dsa", "ecdsa", "rsa", "rsa1"}
{
}

KeyGenerator::~KeyGenerator()
{
}

QString KeyGenerator::type()
{
    return _type;
}

void KeyGenerator::setType(const QString &t)
{
    // Check for valid type.
    if (!_types.contains(t))
        return;

    if (t != _type) {
        _type = t;
        emit typeChanged();
    }
}

QStringList KeyGenerator::types()
{
    return _types;
}

QString KeyGenerator::filename()
{
    return _filename;
}

void KeyGenerator::setFilename(const QString &f)
{
    if (f != _filename) {
        _filename = f;
        emit filenameChanged();
    }
}

QString KeyGenerator::passphrase()
{
    return _passphrase;
}

void KeyGenerator::setPassphrase(const QString &p)
{
    if (p != _passphrase) {
        _passphrase = p;
        emit passphraseChanged();
    }
}

void KeyGenerator::generateKey()
{
    // Sanity check on arguments
    if (_type.isEmpty() or _filename.isEmpty() or
        (_passphrase.length() > 0 and _passphrase.length() < 5)) {
        emit keyGenerated(false);
        return;
    }

    // Remove key file if it already exists
    if (QFile::exists(_filename)) {
        QFile::remove(_filename);
    }

    // Execute ssh-keygen -t type -N passphrase -f keyfileq
    QProcess *proc = new QProcess;
    QString prog = "ssh-keygen";
    QStringList args{"-t", _type, "-N", _passphrase, "-f", _filename};
    proc->start(prog, args);
    proc->waitForFinished();
    emit keyGenerated(proc->exitCode() == 0);
    delete proc;
}

main.cpp

#include <QApplication>
#include <QObject>
#include <QQmlComponent>
#include <QQmlEngine>
#include <QQuickWindow>
#include <QSurfaceFormat>
#include "KeyGenerator.h"

// Main wrapper program.
// Special handling is needed when using Qt Quick Controls for the top window.
// The code here is based on what qmlscene does.

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);

    // Register our component type with QML.
    qmlRegisterType<KeyGenerator>("com.ics.demo", 1, 0, "KeyGenerator");

    int rc = 0;

    QQmlEngine engine;
    QQmlComponent *component = new QQmlComponent(&engine);

    QObject::connect(&engine, SIGNAL(quit()), QCoreApplication::instance(), SLOT(quit()));

    component->loadUrl(QUrl("qrc:/main.qml"));

    if (!component->isReady() ) {
        qWarning("%s", qPrintable(component->errorString()));
        return -1;
    }

    QObject *topLevel = component->create();
    QQuickWindow *window = qobject_cast<QQuickWindow *>(topLevel);

    QSurfaceFormat surfaceFormat = window->requestedFormat();
    window->setFormat(surfaceFormat);
    window->show();

    rc = app.exec();

    delete component;
    return rc;
}

main.qml

// SSH key generator UI

import QtQuick 2.1
import QtQuick.Controls 1.0
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.0
import QtQuick.Dialogs 1.0
import com.ics.demo 1.0

ApplicationWindow {
    title: qsTr("SSH Key Generator")

    statusBar: StatusBar {
    RowLayout {
        Label {
            id: status
            }
        }
    }

    width: 369
    height: 166

    ColumnLayout {
        x: 10
        y: 10

        // Key type
        RowLayout {
            Label {
                text: qsTr("Key type:")
            }
            ComboBox {
                id: combobox
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                model: keygen.types
                currentIndex: 2
            }
        }

        // Filename
        RowLayout {
            Label {
                text: qsTr("Filename:")
            }
            TextField {
                id: filename
                implicitWidth: 200
                onTextChanged: updateStatusBar()
            }
            Button {
                text: qsTr("&Browse...")
                onClicked: filedialog.visible = true
            }
        }

        // Passphrase
        RowLayout {
            Label {
                text: qsTr("Pass phrase:")
            }
            TextField {
                id: passphrase
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                echoMode: TextInput.Password
                onTextChanged: updateStatusBar()
            }

        }

        // Confirm Passphrase
        RowLayout {
            Label {
                text: qsTr("Confirm pass phrase:")
            }
            TextField {
                id: confirm
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                echoMode: TextInput.Password
                onTextChanged: updateStatusBar()
            }
        }

        // Buttons: Generate, Quit
        RowLayout {
            Button {
                id: generate
                text: qsTr("&Generate")
                onClicked: keygen.generateKey()
            }
            Button {
                text: qsTr("&Quit")
                onClicked: Qt.quit()
            }
        }

    }

    FileDialog {
        id: filedialog
        title: qsTr("Select a file")
        selectMultiple: false
        selectFolder: false
        nameFilters: [ "All files (*)" ]
        selectedNameFilter: "All files (*)"
        onAccepted: {
            filename.text = fileUrl.toString().replace("file://", "")
        }
    }

    KeyGenerator {
        id: keygen
        filename: filename.text
        passphrase: passphrase.text
        type: combobox.currentText
        onKeyGenerated: {
            if (success) {
                status.text = qsTr('<font color="green">Key generation succeeded.</font>')
            } else {
                status.text = qsTr('<font color="red">Key generation failed</font>')
            }
        }
    }

    function updateStatusBar() {
        if (passphrase.text != confirm.text) {
            status.text = qsTr('<font color="red">Pass phrase does not match.</font>')
            generate.enabled = false
        } else if (passphrase.text.length > 0 && passphrase.text.length < 5) {
            status.text = qsTr('<font color="red">Pass phrase too short.</font>')
            generate.enabled = false
        } else if (filename.text == "") {
            status.text = qsTr('<font color="red">Enter a filename.</font>')
            generate.enabled = false
        } else {
            status.text = ""
            generate.enabled = true
        }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: updateStatusBar()
}

.pro文件

TEMPLATE = app

QT += qml quick
CONFIG += c++11

QT += widgets

SOURCES += main.cpp \
    keygenerator.cpp

RESOURCES += qml.qrc

# Additional import path used to resolve QML modules in Qt Creator's code model
QML_IMPORT_PATH =

# Default rules for deployment.
include(deployment.pri)

HEADERS += \
    keygenerator.h