oci
linux下oracle 10g编程（OCCI） (2009-04-07 19:32:21) 转载 标签： it 分类： linux技术 如果用C/C++开发Oracle数据库后台应用，原来使用Pro*C/C++和OCI比较多，Pro*C/C++的优点是比较简单可以直接用EXEC SQL嵌入SQL语句，有灵活的PL/SQL和动态SQL方法，缺点是需要预编译，比较麻烦，而且使用C++的情况下和C++的OO面向对象特性结合得不好；OCI的效率最高，但接口很复杂，传递的参数中有不少int **之类的东东，学习门槛比较高；Oracle 9i以上版本数据库为C++开发人员推出的OCCI解决了这个问题，它比较完整地实现了OCI的C++面向对象的OO封装，功能也比较强大，效率也很高，下面是一个使用OCCI编程例子:) 使用OCI/OCCI编程操作Oracle数据库，需要运行环境具有oracle的客户端软件。OCI是C语言函数调用。OCCI是C++类调用。下面程序在Linux(RedHat server 5.2)+Oracle10 g下编译运行通过。推荐使用OCCI模式，简洁清晰得多。注意，OCI库函数在Oracle8.1.7前后有很大的变化，当然，是后向兼容的。 // oracle.h头文件 #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace oracle::occi; class dbAccessor { public: dbAccessor(); ~dbAccessor(); int get_dbstat(); bool Connect_DB(); void Disconn_DB(); bool ExecuteUpdate(const char* sql); ResultSet* ExecuteQuery(const char* sql); void ClearQuery(ResultSet* set); void Init(const char* dbName,const char* dbUser,const char* dbPass); void SetDate(unsigned int paramIndex, time_t timeVal); private: Environment* m_env; Connection* m_conn; Statement* m_stmt; const char *m_szUser; const char *m_szPassword; const char *m_szDbName; bool bConnected; }; // oracle.cpp文件 #include "oracle.h" using namespace std; using namespace oracle::occi; dbAccessor::dbAccessor() { bConnected=false; m_env=0; m_conn=0; m_stmt=0; } dbAccessor::~dbAccessor() { Disconn_DB(); } void dbAccessor::Init(const char* dbName,const char* dbUser,const char* dbPass) { m_szDbName = dbName; m_szUser = dbUser; m_szPassword = dbPass; } bool dbAccessor::Connect_DB() { if(m_env ==0) m_env = Environment::createEnvironment(); if(m_conn==0){ try { m_conn=m_env->createConnection(m_szUser,m_szPassword,m_szDbName); } catch (SQLException& ex) { m_conn = 0; cout << "connect to database failed: " << ex.getMessage() << endl; return false; } } return true; } void dbAccessor::Disconn_DB() { if(m_stmt!=0 && m_conn!=0) m_conn->terminateStatement(m_stmt); if(m_conn!=0 && m_env!=0) m_env->terminateConnection(m_conn); } // 执行数据库更新操作，包括insert、update、delete操作 bool dbAccessor::ExecuteUpdate(const char* sql) { bool update_OK = true; if(sql==0){ exit(1); } if(m_conn==0&&m_env==0){ exit(1); } try { m_stmt=m_conn->createStatement(sql); } catch (SQLException& ex) { m_stmt = NULL; cout << "ExecuteUpdate failed: " << ex.getMessage() << endl; exit(1); } update_OK = m_stmt->executeUpdate(); return update_OK; } //执行数据库查询操作，即select操作 ResultSet* dbAccessor::ExecuteQuery(const char* sql) { ResultSet* set=0; if(sql==0){ exit(1); } if(m_conn==0&&m_env==0){ exit(1); } try { m_stmt=m_conn->createStatement(sql); } catch (SQLException& ex) { m_stmt = NULL; cout << "ExecuteQuery failed: " << ex.getMessage() << endl; exit(1); } set=m_stmt->executeQuery(); return set; } void dbAccessor::ClearQuery(ResultSet* set) { if(m_stmt==0){ exit(1); } if(set==0){ exit(1); } m_stmt->closeResultSet(set); } void dbAccessor::SetDate(unsigned int paramIndex, time_t timeVal) { cout< createStatement(); assert(m_stmt != NULL); tm* timeStruct = localtime(&timeVal); Date date(m_env, timeStruct->tm_year + 1900, timeStruct->tm_mon + 1, timeStruct->tm_mday, timeStruct->tm_hour, timeStruct->tm_min, (timeStruct->tm_sec == 60) ? 0 : timeStruct->tm_sec); m_stmt->setDate(paramIndex, date); } // main.cpp文件 #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "oracle.h" using namespace std; using namespace oracle::occi; int main(void) { dbAccessor obj; obj.Init("192.168.0.1:1521/test","user","pass"); bool conn = obj.Connect_DB(); if(!conn) exit(1); // 1、插入数据库操作 string sql = "insert into EMAIL0(emailid,checkintime,clientip,clientport,serverip,serverport,capturetime,type,username,password,sendaddress,receiveaddress,subject,ccaddress) "; sql += "values(1238673850,to_date('04-3-2009','MM-DD-YYYY'),'127.0.0.1',4327,'serverip',110,to_date('04-3-2009','MM-DD-YYYY'),1,'user','pass','sendaddress','receiveaddress','subject','ccaddress')"; obj.ExecuteUpdate(sql.c_str()); // 2、查询数据库操作 sql = "select emailid,to_char(checkintime,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),clientip from EMAIL0"; // 第一列emailid：Int型；第二列checkintime：Date类型，转换为字符串类型输出；第三列clientip：string字符串类型 ResultSet* set=obj.ExecuteQuery(sql.c_str()); while(set->next()){ cout << set->getInt(1) << endl; //获取第一列值，int类型 cout << set->getString(2) << endl; //获取第二列值，date类型转换成了字符串类型 cout << set->getString(3) << endl; //获取第三列值，string类型 } obj.ClearQuery(set); return 0; } //Makefile文件 ICINCHOME=$(ORACLE_HOME)/rdbms/public/ ICLIBHOME=$(ORACLE_HOME)/lib/ ICLIBPATH=-L$(ICLIBHOME) OCCILIB=$(ICLIBPATH) -locci -lclntsh OBJS=oracle.o main.o $(ORACLE_HOME)/lib/libclntsh.so.10.1 /usr/lib/libboost_thread.a # Linux compiler definitions CC=g++ CCFLAGS=-g #-fPIC %.o:%.cpp $(CC) -c -I$(ICINCHOME) $(CCFLAGS) $< oracle:${OBJS} ${CC} -g ${CLINK} ${OBJS} ${OCCILIB} -o $@ clean: @rm -f oracle *.o *~ core.*