基于按annotation的hibernate主键生成策略

自定义主键生成策略,由@GenericGenerator实现。
hibernate在JPA的基础上进行了扩展,可以用一下方式引入hibernate独有的主键生成策略,就是通过@GenericGenerator加入的。

比如说,JPA标准用法
Java代码
  1. @Id  
  2. @GeneratedValue(GenerationType.AUTO)  

就可以用hibernate特有以下用法来实现
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "assigned")  


@GenericGenerator的定义:
Java代码
  1. @Target({PACKAGE, TYPE,METHOD, FIELD})   
  2. @Retention(RUNTIME)  
  3. public @interface GenericGenerator {  
  4.   
  5. String name();  
  6.   
  7. String strategy();  
  8.   
  9. Parameter[] parameters() default {};  
  10. }  


name属性指定生成器名称。
strategy属性指定具体生成器的类名。
parameters得到strategy指定的具体生成器所用到的参数。

对于这些hibernate主键生成策略和各自的具体生成器之间的关系,在org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGeneratorFacto
ry中指定了,
Java代码
  1. static {  
  2.   GENERATORS.put("uuid",UUIDHexGenerator.class);  
  3.   GENERATORS.put("hilo",TableHiLoGenerator.class);  
  4.   GENERATORS.put("assigned",Assigned.class);  
  5.   GENERATORS.put("identity",IdentityGenerator.class);  
  6.   GENERATORS.put("select",SelectGenerator.class);  
  7.   GENERATORS.put("sequence",SequenceGenerator.class);  
  8.   GENERATORS.put("seqhilo",SequenceHiLoGenerator.class);  
  9.   GENERATORS.put("increment",IncrementGenerator.class);  
  10.   GENERATORS.put("foreign",ForeignGenerator.class);  
  11.   GENERATORS.put("guid",GUIDGenerator.class);  
  12.   GENERATORS.put("uuid.hex",UUIDHexGenerator.class); //uuid.hex is deprecated  
  13.   GENERATORS.put("sequence-identity",SequenceIdentityGenerator.class);  
  14. }  

上面十二种策略,加上native,hibernate一共默认支持十三种生成策略。

1、native
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "native")   

2、uuid
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "uuid")   

3、hilo
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "hilo")   

4、assigned
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "assigned")   

5、identity
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "identity")   

6、select
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name="select",strategy="select",  
  3.      parameters = { @Parameter(name = "key", value = "idstoerung")})  

7、sequence
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "sequence",  
  3.          parameters = { @Parameter(name = "sequence", value = "seq_payablemoney")})  

8、seqhilo
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "seqhilo",  
  3.          parameters = { @Parameter(name = "max_lo", value = "5")})  

9、increment
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "increment")   

10、foreign
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "idGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "idGenerator", strategy= "foreign",  
  3.          parameters = { @Parameter(name = "property", value = "employee")})  


注意:直接使用@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn 报错(?)
Java代码
  1. @OneToOne(cascade =CascadeType.ALL)   
  2. @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn   
例如
Java代码
  1. @Entity  
  2. public class Employee {  
  3.   @Id Integer id;  
  4.       
  5.   @OneToOne @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn  
  6.    EmployeeInfo info;  
  7.    ...  
  8. }  
应该为
Java代码
  1. @Entity  
  2. public class Employee {  
  3.   @Id  
  4.   @GeneratedValue(generator ="idGenerator")  
  5.   @GenericGenerator(name ="idGenerator", strategy ="foreign",  
  6.          parameters = { @Parameter(name = "property", value = "info") })  
  7.    Integer id;  
  8.       
  9.   @OneToOne  
  10.    EmployeeInfo info;  
  11.    ...  
  12. }  
11、guid
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "guid")   

12、uuid.hex
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")    
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "uuid.hex")   

13、sequence-identity
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "sequence-identity",  
  3.          parameters = { @Parameter(name = "sequence", value = "seq_payablemoney")})  

四、通过@GenericGenerator自定义主键生成策略
如果实际应用中,主键策略为程序指定了就用程序指定的主键(assigned),没有指定就从sequence中取。
明显上面所讨论的策略都不满足,只好自己扩展了,集成assigned和sequence两种策略。

Java代码
  1. public class AssignedSequenceGeneratorextends SequenceGeneratorimplements  
  2. PersistentIdentifierGenerator, Configurable {  
  3. private String entityName;  
  4.     
  5. public void configure(Type type, Properties params,Dialect dialect) throwsMappingException {  
  6.    entityName =params.getProperty(ENTITY_NAME);  
  7.   if (entityName==null) {  
  8.    thrownewMappingException("no entityname");  
  9.    }  
  10.     
  11.   super.configure(type, params,dialect);    
  12. }   
  13.   
  14. public Serializablegenerate(SessionImplementor session, Object obj)  
  15.   throws HibernateException {  
  16.     
  17.    Serializable id =session.getEntityPersister( entityName, obj )  
  18.     .getIdentifier( obj, session.getEntityMode() );  
  19.     
  20.   if (id==null) {  
  21.     id= super.generate(session,obj);   
  22.    }  
  23.     
  24.   return id;  
  25. }   
  26. }  

实际应用中,定义同sequence。
Java代码
  1. @GeneratedValue(generator= "paymentableGenerator")  
  2. @GenericGenerator(name= "paymentableGenerator",strategy = "AssignedSequenceGenerator",  
  3.      parameters = { @Parameter(name = "sequence", value = "seq_payablemoney")})  


值得注意的是,定义的这种策略,就像打开了潘多拉魔盒,非常不可控。正常情况下,不建议这么做。

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