Mysql 基于 Amoeba 的 读写分离

在MySQL proxy 6.0版本 上面如果想要读写分离并且 读集群、写集群 机器比较多情况下,用mysql proxy 需要相当大的工作量,目前mysql proxy没有现成的 lua脚本。mysql proxy根本没有配置文件, lua脚本就是它的全部,当然lua是相当方便的。那么同样这种东西需要编写大量的脚本才能完成一 个复杂的配置。而Amoeba只需要进行相关的配置就可以满足需求。



假设有这样的使用场景,有三个数据库节点分别命名为Master、Slave1、Slave2如下:

Amoeba: Amoeba <192.168.14.129>
Master: Master <192.168.14.131> (可读写)
Slaves:Slave1 <192.168.14.132>、Slave2<192.168.14.133> (2个平等的数据库。只读/负载均衡)

在 主从数据库 的复制的部分, 任然需要使用数据库自己的复制机制。 Amoeba 不提供复制功能。

1. 起动数据库的主从复制功能。

a. 修改配置文件

master.cnf
Cnf代码  收藏代码
server-id = 1 #主数据库标志 
 
# 增加 日志文件, 用于验证读写分离 
log = /home/mysql/mysql/log/mysql.log 

slave1.cnf
Cnf代码  收藏代码
server-id = 2 
 
# 增加 日志文件, 用于验证读写分离 
log = /home/mysql/mysql/log/mysql.log 

slave2.cnf
Cnf代码  收藏代码
server-id = 3 
 
# 增加 日志文件, 用于验证读写分离 
log = /home/mysql/mysql/log/mysql.log 

b. Master 中 创建两个 只读权限 的用户。 用户名均为:repl_user   密码均为:copy  分别开放给 slave1, slave2

Sql代码  收藏代码
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected] identified by 'copy'; 
 
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected] identified by 'copy'; 

c. 查看 Master 信息
Sql代码  收藏代码
mysql> show master status; 
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | 
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 
| mysql-bin.000017 |     2009 |              |                  | 
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 


d. Slave1 ,Slave2 中 启动 Master - Slave 复制功能。

分别执行以下命令

Sql代码  收藏代码
mysql> slave stop; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) 
 
mysql> change master to 
    -> master_host='192.168.14.131', 
    -> master_user='repl_user', 
    -> master_password='copy', 
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000017', 
    -> master_log_pos=2009; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) 
 
mysql> start slave; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 

2. Amoeba 读写分离的配置

a. Master , Slave1 ,Slave2 中开放权限给 Amoeba 访问。

在 Master , Slave1 , Slave2 中分别执行

Sql代码  收藏代码
mysql> grant all on test.* to [email protected] indentified by '1234'; 
Amoeba 访问三个数据库的账号密码相同。

b. 修改 Amoeba 的配置文件

配置文件详细说明请查看 官方文档:http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/rw-splitting.html

dbServer.xml
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?> 
 
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd"> 
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/"> 
 
        <!--  
            Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool, 
            If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration: 
             add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig 
             such as 'multiPool' dbServer    
        --> 
 
    <!-- 数据库连接配置的公共部分 -->  
    <dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true"> 
        <factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory"> 
            <property name="manager">${defaultManager}</property> 
            <property name="sendBufferSize">64</property> 
            <property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property> 
                 
            <!-- mysql port --> 
            <property name="port">3306</property> 
             
            <!-- mysql schema --> 
            <property name="schema">test</property> 
             
            <!-- mysql user --> 
            <property name="user">test_user</property> 
             
            <!--  mysql password --> 
            <property name="password">1234</property> 
             
        </factoryConfig> 
 
        <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.poolable.PoolableObjectPool"> 
            <property name="maxActive">500</property> 
            <property name="maxIdle">500</property> 
            <property name="minIdle">10</property> 
            <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property> 
            <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property> 
            <property name="testOnBorrow">true</property> 
            <property name="testWhileIdle">true</property> 
        </poolConfig> 
    </dbServer> 
 
    <!-- Master ,Slave1, Slave2 的独立部分,也就只有 IP 了 --> 
    <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer"> 
        <factoryConfig> 
            <!-- mysql ip --> 
            <property name="ipAddress">192.168.14.131</property> 
        </factoryConfig> 
    </dbServer> 
 
    <dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer"> 
        <factoryConfig> 
            <!-- mysql ip --> 
            <property name="ipAddress">192.168.14.132</property> 
        </factoryConfig> 
    </dbServer> 
 
    <dbServer name="slave2"  parent="abstractServer"> 
        <factoryConfig> 
            <!-- mysql ip --> 
            <property name="ipAddress">192.168.14.133</property> 
        </factoryConfig> 
    </dbServer>    
     
    <!-- 数据库池,虚拟服务器,实现读取的负载均衡 --> 
    <dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true"> 
        <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool"> 
            <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA--> 
            <property name="loadbalance">1</property> 
             
            <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 --> 
            <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property> 
        </poolConfig> 
    </dbServer> 
         
</amoeba:dbServers> 

amoeba.xml
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?> 
 
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd"> 
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/"> 
 
    <proxy> 
     
        <!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service --> 
        <service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager"> 
            <!-- Amoeba 端口号 --> 
            <property name="port">8066</property> 
             
            <!-- bind ipAddress --> 
            <!-- 
            <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
             --> 
             
            <property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property> 
             
            <property name="connectionFactory"> 
                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory"> 
                    <property name="sendBufferSize">128</property> 
                    <property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property> 
                </bean> 
            </property> 
             
            <property name="authenticator"> 
                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator"> 
                    <!-- Amoeba 账号,密码 --> 
                    <property name="user">root</property> 
                     
                    <property name="password">root</property> 
                     
                    <property name="filter"> 
                        <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController"> 
                            <property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property> 
                        </bean> 
                    </property> 
                </bean> 
            </property> 
             
        </service> 
         
        <!-- server class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service --> 
        <service name="Amoeba Monitor Server" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.MonitorServer"> 
            <!-- port --> 
            <!--  default value: random number 
            <property name="port">9066</property> 
            --> 
            <!-- bind ipAddress --> 
            <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property> 
            <property name="daemon">true</property> 
            <property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property> 
            <property name="connectionFactory"> 
                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.net.MonitorClientConnectionFactory"></bean> 
            </property> 
             
        </service> 
         
        <runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext"> 
            <!-- proxy server net IO Read thread size --> 
            <property name="readThreadPoolSize">20</property> 
             
            <!-- proxy server client process thread size --> 
            <property name="clientSideThreadPoolSize">30</property> 
             
            <!-- mysql server data packet process thread size --> 
            <property name="serverSideThreadPoolSize">30</property> 
             
            <!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  --> 
            <property name="statementCacheSize">500</property> 
             
            <!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) --> 
            <property name="queryTimeout">60</property> 
        </runtime> 
         
    </proxy> 
     
    <!--  
        Each ConnectionManager will start as thread 
        manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection 
    --> 
    <connectionManagerList> 
        <connectionManager name="clientConnectioneManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper"> 
            <property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ConnectionManager</property> 
            <!--  
              default value is avaliable Processors  
            <property name="processors">5</property> 
             --> 
        </connectionManager> 
        <connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper"> 
            <property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property> 
             
            <!--  
              default value is avaliable Processors  
            <property name="processors">5</property> 
             --> 
        </connectionManager> 
    </connectionManagerList> 
     
        <!-- default using file loader --> 
    <dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader"> 
        <property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property> 
    </dbServerLoader> 
     
    <queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter"> 
         
        <property name="ruleLoader"> 
            <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader"> 
                <property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property> 
                <property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property> 
            </bean> 
        </property> 
        <property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property> 
         
        <property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property> 
        <!-- 默认数据库,主数据库 --> 
        <property name="defaultPool">master</property> 
         
        <!-- 写数据库 --> 
        <property name="writePool">master</property> 
        <!-- 读数据库,dbServer.xml 中配置的 虚拟数据库,数据库池 --> 
        <property name="readPool">slaves</property> 
         
        <property name="needParse">true</property> 
    </queryRouter> 
</amoeba:configuration> 

rule.xml
Java代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?> 
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd"> 
 
<amoeba:rule xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/"> 
    <tableRule name="message" schema="test" defaultPools="server1"> 
    </tableRule> 
</amoeba:rule> 

不需要 数据库分片时,不用配置。 但是不能没有 tableRule 元素, 否则报错。 随便写个空规则就行了。

3. 测试读写分离

a. 在 Master , Slave1 , Slave2  中分别查看 日志文件: mysql.log
Shell代码  收藏代码
tail -f ./log/mysql.log 


b. 启动 Amoeba, 使用 Mysql GUI Tools 连接 Amoeba




执行以上几个命令。 查看日志内容。

Master  mysql.log
Shell代码  收藏代码
[mysql@prx1 mysql]$ tail -f log/mysql.log 
                  370 Query     SET SESSION sql_mode='' 
                  370 Query     SET NAMES utf8 
                  370 Query     SHOW FULL TABLES 
                  370 Query     SHOW COLUMNS FROM `t_message` 
                  370 Query     SHOW COLUMNS FROM `t_user` 
                  370 Query     SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS 
                  370 Query     SHOW FUNCTION STATUS 
110813 15:21:11   370 Query     SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_server' 
                  370 Query     SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `test`.`t_message` 
110813 15:21:12   370 Query     SHOW CREATE TABLE `test`.`t_message` 
110813 15:22:40   374 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  375 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  376 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:23:40   370 Query     insert into t_message values(1, 'c1') 
110813 15:24:07   377 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  378 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  379 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:24:15   370 Query     insert into t_user values(8, 'n8', 'p8') 
110813 15:24:24   370 Query     SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `test`.`t_user` 
                  370 Query     SHOW CREATE TABLE `test`.`t_user` 
110813 15:24:35   370 Query     SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `test`.`t_message` 
                  370 Query     SHOW CREATE TABLE `test`.`t_message` 
Slave1  mysql.log
Shell代码  收藏代码
[mysql@prx2 mysql]$ tail -f log/mysql.log 
                  317 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  318 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:35:30   315 Query     SELECT @@sql_mode 
110813 15:35:32   315 Query     SELECT @@sql_mode 
110813 15:35:44   315 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:35:46   315 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:37:18   319 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  320 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:37:19   321 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:37:26   246 Quit 
110813 15:38:21   315 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:38:22    42 Query     BEGIN 
                   42 Query     insert into t_message values(1, 'c1') 
                   42 Query     COMMIT /* implicit, from Xid_log_event */ 
110813 15:38:50   322 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  323 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  324 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:38:58    42 Query     BEGIN 
                   42 Query     insert into t_user values(8, 'n8', 'p8') 
                   42 Query     COMMIT /* implicit, from Xid_log_event */ 
110813 15:39:08   315 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:39:19   315 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:44:08   325 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  326 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  327 Connect   [email protected] on test 
Slave2  mysql.log
Shell代码  收藏代码
[mysql@prx3 mysql]$ tail -f log/mysql.log 
110813 15:35:08   305 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  306 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  307 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:35:31   304 Query     SELECT @@sql_mode 
                  304 Query     SELECT @@sql_mode 
110813 15:35:44   304 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
110813 15:35:46   304 Query     SELECT * FROM t_message t 
110813 15:37:18   308 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  309 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  310 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:38:21     8 Query     BEGIN 
                    8 Query     insert into t_message values(1, 'c1') 
                    8 Query     COMMIT /* implicit, from Xid_log_event */ 
110813 15:38:50   311 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  312 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  313 Connect   [email protected] on test 
110813 15:38:58   304 Query     SELECT @@SQL_MODE 
                    8 Query     BEGIN 
                    8 Query     insert into t_user values(8, 'n8', 'p8') 
                    8 Query     COMMIT /* implicit, from Xid_log_event */ 
110813 15:39:08   304 Query     select * from t_user 
110813 15:39:19   304 Query     select * from t_message 
110813 15:44:08   314 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  315 Connect   [email protected] on test 
                  316 Connect   [email protected] on test 

从日志中可以看出。
在 Master  mysql.log 中,只执行了 insert into 命令。
在 Slave1 中,只是复制了 insert into 命令, 是主从复制的结果
在 Slave2 中, 复制了 insert into 命令,同时还执行了 select 命令。

说明,主从分离已经成功

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