web框架之Spring-MVC环境搭建

spring框架jar包

1、下载spring源包
spring地址：http://www.springsource.org/download
我下的是spring-framework-3.1.0.RELEASE-with-docs.zip
下载依赖包：spring-framework-3.0.5.RELEASE-dependencies.zip
注意官网上3.0.3版本以后同版本依赖包不提供下载

2、导入所需jar包
引入dist目录下除了下面三个其余所有包
org.springframework.web.struts-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.spring-library-3.1.0.RELEASE.libd
org.springframework.web.portlet-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar
引入依赖包下com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar及com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar

spring框架配置

1、web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID"
    version="3.0">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!-- 应用上下文配置文件 -->
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- url-pattern配置为/，不带文件后缀，会造成其它静态文件(js，css等)不能访问。如配为*.do，则不影响静态文件的访问 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" 
	version="3.0">
	<context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!-- 应用上下文配置文件 -->
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
  	</context-param>
	<listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 	</listener>
 	<!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<!-- url-pattern配置为/，不带文件后缀，会造成其它静态文件(js，css等)不能访问。如配为*.do，则不影响静态文件的访问 -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2、应用上下文配置
spring-servlet.xml即配置用于开启基于注解的springMVC功能，照web.xml中设定，路径为WEB-INF下

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
     <mvc:annotation-driven />
     <!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
     <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
     <mvc:annotation-driven />
     <!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
     <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>

Demo例子
1、根据spring-servlet.xml配置的包路径（com.mvc.rest）新建Constroller

package com.mvc.rest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class RestConstroller {
    public RestConstroller() {}
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
            @PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
        modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
        return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String registPost() {
        return "/welcome";
    }
}

package com.mvc.rest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class RestConstroller {
	public RestConstroller() {}
	@RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, 
			@PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
		modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
		return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
	}
	@RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String registPost() {
		return "/welcome";
	}
}

2、建jsp视图

视图路径在spring-servlet.xml配置（/WEB-INF/view/），据上述RestConstroller 类，我们在WEB-INF下建立view目录，在view下建立welcome.jsp及login/hello.jsp
welcome.jsp随意，hello.jsp代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
</head>
<body>
    你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，现在时间是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
</head>
<body>
	你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，现在时间是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>

3、部署访问
http://localhost:8080/SpringMvcDemo/welcome