SQLServer脚本一键备份与还原(可配置文件及多通配符支持...)
需求：
需要数据库中的对象(eg: Table 、 Trigger、 View 、Function、 StoredProcedure 等)进行迁移到同一数据库服务器或远程数据库服务器，且要求支持迁移时改名，及迁移时可以对某些对象改名。
思路：
利用SMO可以操作数据库对象进行数据库备份与还原。且有两种方式：一种是数据库脚本的形式(.sql) ；一种是整个数据库（.bak）的操作形式，因为第二种(.bak)是对整个数据库的操作，不能够有选择的备份，达不到我的要求，故这种方式我没找到解决办法。（或许本人没找到）,因此这里记录的是本人通过第一种形式（.sql）的实现。因为他能够针对你指定的数据库对象来备份数据.而且还能够匹配到你指定的通配符来操作数据库对象。而且也能够进行文本替换来改名。缺点就是数据库对象之间的关系难以确定.因为假如你备份视图，但表不存在，这时就会有问题.
因为是一键对数据库进行备份与还原.所有这里有三个文件.
1) 批处理文件:run.bat
cls
powershell -command "&{set-executionpolicy RemoteSigned }"
powershell -command "&{.\beta.ps1 Club.Secretary}"
第一句是清屏
第二句：因为PowerShell在计算机上运行的权限不同，这里将执行权限设为RemoteSigned,其它权限参考如下：
1
)Restricted - No scripts can be run. Windows PowerShell can be used only in interactive mode.
2
)AllSigned - Only scripts signed by a trusted publisher can be run.
3
)RemoteSigned - Downloaded scripts must be signed by a trusted publisher before they can be run.
4
)Unrestricted - No restrictions; all Windows PowerShell scripts can be run.
|
第三句是执行同目录下的beta.ps1文件。
2)配置文件: config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <config model="0"> <!-- Model=1 directory run ; Model=2 communicate model--> <backup> <ServerName>localhost</ServerName> <UserName>sa</UserName> <PassWord>123</PassWord> <DataBase>UserDB</DataBase> <BackupObject>5</BackupObject> <!-- All Objects = 0; Tables = 1; Table Triggers = 2; Views = 3; Functions = 4;Stored Procedures = 5; --> <WildCard>customer_cal*</WildCard> <oldChar>axdev.dbo.</oldChar> <newChar>ax18.dbo.</newChar> <BackupFolder>d:\backup</BackupFolder> </backup> <restore> <whether>0</whether> <!-- whether restore to database --> <ServerName>10.1.1.115</ServerName> <UserName>sa</UserName> <PassWord>123</PassWord> <DataBase>backupTest</DataBase> </restore> </config>
配置信息为如下：
备份的数据库服务器的相关信息: 服务器(ServerName)、 登录用户(UserName)、 登录密码(PassWord)、 要备份的数据库(DataBase)、 备份对象(BackupObject)、 通配符(WildCard)、 要替代的字符(oldChar)、 用来替代的字符(newChar)、 备份文件存放路径(BackupFolder) 还原的数据库服务器相关信息： 是否要還原(Whether)、 服务器(ServerName)、 登录用户(UserName)、 登录密码(PassWord)、 要还原的数据库(DataBase)、
3) 以下是beta.ps1的程序代码及说明：
(得到相关信息后开始,开始进行脚本备份，之后替换脚本 ,最后在还原数据库上执行脚本.)
[String]$CurrentPath = get-location; #得到当前路径
[String]$xmlDocPath = $CurrentPath+"\config.xml"; #获得config.xml配置文件路径.
#write-host $xmlDocPath #输出(Debug已注释掉)
$xmlDoc = New-Object "System.Xml.XmlDocument" #创建一个xml文档对象
$xmlDoc.Load($xmlDocPath) #加载并读取文档对象(config.xml)中的配置
$modelList = $xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("config");#得到<config>节点
$model=$modelList.ItemOf(0).GetAttribute("model") #得到第一个<config>的属性model的值
#write-host $model #输出(Debug已注释掉)
if($model -eq 0 ) #如果model属性值等于0
{
#--------------------------------Start Param-----------------------------------------------------------
$backupNodelist=$xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("backup");
$backupConfig=$backupNodelist.ItemOf(0); #得到第一个<backup>
$backupServer=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("ServerName").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<ServerName>的值
$backupLogin=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("UserName").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<UserName>的值
$backupPassWord=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("PassWord").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<PassWord>的值
$backupDataBase=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("DataBase").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<DataBase>的值
$backupObject=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("BackupObject").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<BackupObject>的值
$backupWildCard=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("WildCard").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<WildCard>的值
$oldChar=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("oldChar").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<oldChar>的值
$newChar=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("newChar").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<newChar>的值
$backupFolder=$backupConfig.GetElementsByTagName("BackupFolder").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<backup>中<BackupFolder>的值
$restoreNodelist=$xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("restore");
$restoreConfig=$restoreNodelist.ItemOf(0);
$whether=$restoreConfig.GetElementsByTagName("whether").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一個<restore>中<whether>的值
$restoreServer=$restoreConfig.GetElementsByTagName("ServerName").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<restore>中<ServerName>的值
$restoreLogin=$restoreConfig.GetElementsByTagName("UserName").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<restore>中<UserName>的值
$restorePassWord=$restoreConfig.GetElementsByTagName("PassWord").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<restore>中<PassWord>的值
$restoreDataBase=$restoreConfig.GetElementsByTagName("DataBase").ItemOf(0).get_InnerXml(); #得到第一个<restore>中<DataBase>的值
#---------------------------------End Param------------------------------------------------------------------
#加载所需包
cls
#load assemblies
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO") | Out-Null
#Need SmoExtended for backup
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoExtended") | Out-Null
[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo") | Out-Null
[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoEnum") | Out-Null
$serverConn=new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common.ServerConnection #数据库连接
$serverConn.ServerInstance=$backupServer #设置数据库连接实例
$serverConn.LoginSecure =$false #采用SQL Server 身份验证,非Window 身份验证
$serverConn.Login = $backupLogin #登录用户名
$serverConn.Password =$backupPassWord #登录密码
$user_folder=$backupFolder #备份目录
#trap errors
$errors =$user_folder+"\errors.txt" #错误日志写入文件
trap #写入错误日志
{
"______________________" | out-file $errors -append;
"ERROR SCRIPTING TABLES" | out-file $errors -append;
get-date | out-file $errors -append;
"ERROR: " + $_ | out-file $errors -append;
"`backupServer = $backupServer" | out-file $errors -append;
"`backupDataBae = $backupDataBase" |out-file $errors -append;
"`user_folder = $user_folder" | out-file $errors -append;
"`restoreServer = $restoreServer" | out-file $errors -append;
"`restoreDataBae = $restoreDataBase " | out-file $errors -append;
#throw "ERROR: See $errors"
}
#给定一个目录路径，判断是否存在，不存在则创建
function MakeDirectory
{
param([string]$DirName)
Process
{
if (!(Test-Path -path $DirName))
{
New-Item $DirName -type directory | Out-Null
}
}
}
MakeDirectory ($user_folder) #创建目录路径$user_folder
$srv = new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server($serverConn) #创建Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server对象
$db=$srv.databases[$backupDataBase] #指定的数据库对象
$dbName=$db.Name #数据库名字
#write-host "Current Database:"$dbName
$scr = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Scripter" #脚本创建对象
$scr.Server = $srv
$scrOptions = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.ScriptingOptions" #脚本创建对象的选择(Options)
$scrOptions.AllowSystemObjects = $false #不需要数据库中的系统对象，如系统中表、视图等
$scrOptions.IncludeDatabaseContext = $false #buyaodababase
$scrOptions.IncludeIfNotExists = $true #包含IfNotExists语句
$scrOptions.ClusteredIndexes = $true
$scrOptions.NoCollation = $true
$scrOptions.Default = $true
#$scrOptions.DriAll = $true
$scrOptions.Indexes = $true
$scrOptions.NonClusteredIndexes = $true
$scrOptions.IncludeHeaders = $true
$scrOptions.ToFileOnly = $true #只写入文件
$scrOptions.Permissions = $true
$scrOptions.ScriptDataCompression = $true #压缩
$scrOptions.ScriptSchema = $true
$scrOptions.AppendToFile = $true #追加到文件中，而不是覆盖.
$sEnc=[System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8 #設置生成腳本編碼方式(注意)
$scrOptions.Encoding=$sEnc
#Set options for SMO.Scripter
$scr.Options = $scrOptions
$backupfolder=$user_folder+"\"+$dbName+"_backup" #备份的目录
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder) #创建备份的目录
remove-item $backupfolder\* #每次备份之前会先删除备份目录中的所有文件
$backupfile=$backupfolder+"\"+$dbName+".backup.sql"; #脚本备份到目录中的某个文件中.
$WildCard="";
function getWildCard
{
param($obj)
$WildCard="";
#write-host $obj
foreach($element in $backupWildCard.split(';'))
{
$WildCard+="'"+$obj+"' -like '"+$element+"' -or "
}
$WildCard=$WildCard.substring(0,$WildCard.length-5)
invoke-expression $WildCard
}
">>>>>>>>>>>>Start backup"
function ScriptDropStatement
{
param($object)
$scrOptions.ScriptDrops = $true # drop statement
$scrOptions.FileName = $backupfile;
$scr.Options = $scrOptions;
$scr.Script($object);
}
function ScriptCreateStatement
{
param($object)
$scrOptions.ScriptDrops = $false #create statement
$scrOptions.FileName = $backupfile;
$scr.Options = $scrOptions;
$scr.Script($object);
}
$tables=$db.Tables;
if ($backupObject -eq 0 -or $backupObject -eq 1) #如果備份表腳本
{
$srv.SetDefaultInitFields([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Table],"IsSystemObject") #讓server對象實例化時為Table對象
foreach ($table in $tables | where-object {getWildCard($_.name)} | where-object{$_.IsSystemObject -eq $false}) #用通配符過濾對象且不為系統對象
{
#write-host $table.Name
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder); #Check for folder, and create if needed
#ScriptDropStatement($table)
ScriptCreateStatement($table)
write-host "Table "$table.Name" backup Complete !"
}
}
if ($backupObject -eq 0 -or $backupObject -eq 2) #如果備份Trigger腳本
{
# Script table triggers (go into tables then triggers)
$srv.SetDefaultInitFields([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Trigger],"IsSystemObject") #讓server對象實例化時為Trigger對象
foreach ($table in $tables)
{
foreach ($trigger in $Table.Triggers |where-object {getWildCard($_.name)} | where-object{$_.IsSystemObject -eq $false}) #用通配符過濾對象且不為系統對象
{
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder); #Check for folder, and create if needed
ScriptDropStatement($trigger)
ScriptCreateStatement($trigger)
write-host "Trigger "$trigger.Name" backup Complete !"
}
}
}
if ($backupObject -eq 0 -or $backupObject -eq 3) #如果備份View腳本
{
# script each view
$srv.SetDefaultInitFields([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.View],"IsSystemObject") #讓server對象實例化時為View對象
foreach ($view in $db.Views | where-object { getWildCard($_.name)} | where-object {$_.IsSystemObject -eq $false} ) #用通配符過濾對象且不為系統對象
{
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder); #Check for folder, and create if needed
ScriptDropStatement($view)
ScriptCreateStatement($view)
write-host "View "$view.Name" backup Complete !"
}
}
if ($backupObject -eq 0 -or $backupObject -eq 4) #如果備份Function腳本
{
# script each function
$srv.SetDefaultInitFields([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.UserDefinedFunction],"IsSystemObject") #讓server對象實例化時為Function對象
foreach ($function in $db.UserDefinedFunctions | where-object {getWildCard($_.name)} | where-object {$_.IsSystemObject -eq $false}) #用通配符過濾對象且不為系統對象
{
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder); #Check for folder, and create if needed
ScriptDropStatement($function)
ScriptCreateStatement($function)
write-host "Function "$function.Name" backup Complete !"
}
}
if ($backupObject -eq 0 -or $backupObject -eq 5) #如果備份StoredProcedure腳本
{
# script each stored procedure
$srv.SetDefaultInitFields([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.StoredProcedure],"IsSystemObject") #讓server對象實例化時為StoredProcedure對象
foreach ($procedure in $db.StoredProcedures | where-object {getWildCard($_.name)} | where-object{$_.IsSystemObject -eq $false}) #用通配符過濾對象且不為系統對象
{
MakeDirectory ($backupfolder); #Check for folder, and create if needed
ScriptDropStatement($procedure)
ScriptCreateStatement($procedure)
write-host "Stored Procedure "$procedure.Name" backup Complete !"
}
}
">>>>>>>>>>>>All Backup Complete"
if($whether -eq 1){ #如果配置需要還原
$file=Get-ChildItem $backupfile;
#write-host ($oldChar -eq "" -and $newChar -eq "")
if($oldChar -eq "" -and $newChar -eq "") #如果沒有替換
{
#write-host "No replace necearray !"
}else{
foreach($str in $file)
{
$content=Get-Content -path $str -Encoding UTF8 #取文件內容(注意編碼)
$content | foreach-object {$_ -replace $oldChar,$newChar} | Set-Content $str -Encoding UTF8 #替換文件內容并設置到文件內.(注意編碼)
}
}
">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"
foreach($f in get-childitem -path $backupfolder -Filter *.sql | sort-object)
{
sqlcmd -i $f.fullname -S $restoreServer -U $restoreLogin -P $restorePassWord -d $restoreDataBase #開始還原到（遠程）數據庫上
}
}else{ #不還原
#write-host 'No Restore !'
}
}