Mac窗口管理神器

一款好用的窗口管理器能够大幅提升工作效率，看完本文以后，你可以无需鼠标，完成窗口切换、移动、调整大小、预定义布局等操作。

历史的先驱

先列举一下博主曾经用过至少半年以上的窗口管理器，如果你正在使用，是时候尝试一下本文介绍的工具了。

• slate
• phoenix
• mjolnir

新的继任者

今天介绍的这款工具是 hammerspoon，窗口管理只是其中一个非常小的应用。

其能直接与应用、窗口、鼠标、文件、音频设备、电池、屏幕、底层键盘/鼠标事件等进行交互，配合这些功能，你甚至可以用 hammerspoon 直接操控程序，而无需切换(例如音乐播放器)。

The Only Limit Is Your Imagination!

安装

下载 最新版本，解压后，拖入 /Applications/ 文件夹即可。

打开 “系统偏好设 - “安全性与隐私” - “辅助” 找到 “Hammerspoon.app”, 将其勾选，否则一会儿将无法正常切换窗口。

配置

创建 ~/.hammerspoon/init.lua 文件，其内容如下：

---
-- @author Dongliang Ma <[email protected]>
-- @license MIT

-- 设置Grid 12x8(水平x竖直)
hs.grid.MARGINX = 0
hs.grid.MARGINY = 0
hs.grid.GRIDWIDTH = 12
hs.grid.GRIDHEIGHT = 8

-- 修饰键
local m_alt = {"alt"}
local m_shift_cmd = {"shift", "cmd"}
local m_shift_alt = {"shift", "alt"}

local m_switch_app = m_alt
local m_mod1 = m_shift_cmd
local m_mod2 = m_shift_alt

-- 应用列表映射
local APPNAMES = {
    IM = "QQ",
    Mail = "Foxmail",
    Doc = "Dash",
    Term = "iTerm",
    FileManager = "Finder",
    Browser = "Google Chrome",
    Movie = "爱奇艺视频",
    TextEditor = "Sublime Text 2",
    Emacs = "Emacs",
    Todolist = "Doit.im",
    WeChat = "WeChat",
    Preview = "Preview",
    Music = "QQMusic"
}

---
-- 常用布局(Grid 12x8)
-- {水平起始位置, 竖直起始位置, 宽度占比, 高度占比}
local LAYOUTS = {
    fullscreen = {0, 0, 12, 8},
    center = {3, 2, 6, 4},
    left = {0, 0, 6, 8},
    right = {6, 0, 6, 8},
    left4 = {0, 0, 4, 8},
    left6 = {0, 0, 6, 8},
    left8 = {0, 0, 8, 8},
    right4 = {8, 0, 4, 8},
    right6 = {6, 0, 6, 8},
    right8 = {4, 0, 8, 8},
    left_top = {0, 0, 6, 4},
    left_bottom = {0, 4, 6, 4},
    right_top = {6, 0, 6, 4},
    right_bottom = {6, 4, 6, 4}
}

---
-- 常用应用布局
local APP_LAYOUT = {
    [1] = {
        one_monitor = {
            [APPNAMES.Term] = {1, LAYOUTS.left},
            [APPNAMES.Browser] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.Mail] = {1, LAYOUTS.left},
            [APPNAMES.IM] = {1, LAYOUTS.left},
            [APPNAMES.Doc] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.FileManager] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.WeChat] = {1, LAYOUTS.left},
            [APPNAMES.Preview] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
        },
        two_monitor = {
            [APPNAMES.Term] = {2, LAYOUTS.fullscreen},
            [APPNAMES.Browser] = {1, LAYOUTS.fullscreen},
            [APPNAMES.Mail] = {1, LAYOUTS.fullscreen},
            [APPNAMES.IM] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.Doc] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.FileManager] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.WeChat] = {1, LAYOUTS.right},
            [APPNAMES.Preview] = {1, LAYOUTS.fullscreen},
        }
    }
}

---
-- 调整窗口大小以及位置(基于网格布局)
-- @int x 水平起始位置
-- @int y 竖直起始位置
-- @int w 宽度占比
-- @int h 高度占比
-- @table cell
local set_windows_to_grid = function(cell)
    return function()
        local win = hs.window.focusedWindow()
        if win then
            hs.grid.set(win, {
                x=cell[1],
                y=cell[2],
                w=cell[3],
                h=cell[4]
            }, win:screen())
        else
            hs.alert.show("No focused window.")
        end
    end
end

---
-- 移动窗口
local move_window = function(x, y)
    return function()
        local win = hs.window.focusedWindow()
        local f = win:frame()
        f.x = f.x + x
        f.y = f.y + y
        win:setFrame(f)
    end
end

---
-- 数组长度可变的cycle
function mutable_cycle()
    local i = 1
    return function(arr)
        local x = arr[i % (#arr + 1)]
        i = i % #arr + 1
        return x
    end
end

---
-- 打开/切换到App
local launch_or_focus_window = function(name)
    local mutable_cycle_func = mutable_cycle()
    return function()
        local app = hs.appfinder.appFromName(name)
        if not app then
            hs.application.launchOrFocus(name)
            return
        end

        if #app:allWindows() == 1 then
            hs.application.launchOrFocus(name)
            return
        end

        local window_list = hs.fnutils.filter(app:allWindows(), function(item)
            return item:role() == "AXWindow" end)

        if #window_list == 0 then
            hs.application.launchOrFocus(name)
            return
        end

        table.sort(window_list, function(x, y) return x:id() < y:id() end)

        win = mutable_cycle_func(window_list)
        if win then
            win:focus()
        end
    end
end

---
-- 移动窗口到指定屏幕&调整大小
function move_and_resize(win, layout_meta)
    local pos = layout_meta[2]
    local screens = hs.screen.allScreens()
    local cell = {
        x=pos[1],
        y=pos[2],
        w=pos[3],
        h=pos[4]
    }

    hs.grid.set(win, cell, screens[layout_meta[1]])
end

---
-- 切换布局
function change_layout(layout)
    return function()
        local screens = hs.screen.allScreens()
        local layout_meta = nil

        local screen_count = #screens

        -- FIXME: 暂时只支持两个显示器
        if screen_count == 1 then
            layout_meta = layout.one_monitor
        elseif screen_count == 2 then
            layout_meta = layout.two_monitor
        else
            return
        end

        for name, place in pairs(layout_meta) do
            local app = hs.appfinder.appFromName(name)
            if app then
                for i, win in ipairs(app:allWindows()) do
                    move_and_resize(win, layout_meta[name])
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

--
-- 修改窗口大小
local resize_window = function(w, h)
    return function()
        local win = hs.window.focusedWindow()
        if win then
            local size = win:size()
            size.w = size.w + w
            size.h = size.h + h
            win:setSize(size)
        else
            hs.alert.show("No focused window.")
        end
    end
end

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 快捷键
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---
-- 常用的窗口布局
hs.fnutils.each({
    {key = "`", layout = LAYOUTS.fullscreen},
    {key = "1", layout = LAYOUTS.left},
    {key = "2", layout = LAYOUTS.right},
    {key = "3", layout = LAYOUTS.left_top},
    {key = "4", layout = LAYOUTS.left_bottom},
    {key = "5", layout = LAYOUTS.right_top},
    {key = "6", layout = LAYOUTS.right_bottom},
    {key = "0", layout = LAYOUTS.center},
}, function(meta)
    hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod1, meta.key, set_windows_to_grid(meta.layout))
end)

---
-- 移动窗口
-- y k u
-- h l
-- b j n
hs.fnutils.each({
    {key = "h", w = -20, h = 0},
    {key = "j", w = 0, h = 20},
    {key = "k", w = 0, h = -20},
    {key = "l", w = 20, h = 0},
}, function(meta)
    hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod1, meta.key, move_window(meta.w, meta.h),
        nil, move_window(meta.w, meta.h))
end)

---
-- 移动到屏幕
hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod2, "n", hs.grid.pushWindowNextScreen)
hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod2, "p", hs.grid.pushWindowPrevScreen)

---
-- 修改窗口大小
hs.fnutils.each({
    {key = "h", w = -20, h = 0},
    {key = "j", w = 0, h = 20},
    {key = "k", w = 0, h = -20},
    {key = "l", w = 20, h = 0},
}, function(meta)
    hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod2, meta.key, resize_window(meta.w, meta.h),
        nil, resize_window(meta.w, meta.h))
end)

---
-- 重新加载配置文件
hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod2, "r", function()
    hs.reload()
    hs.alert.show("Config loaded")
end)

---
-- 平铺并选择App
hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod1, "e", hs.hints.windowHints)

---
-- 切换布局
hs.hotkey.bind(m_mod2, "1", change_layout(APP_LAYOUT[1]))

---
-- 加载/切换到指定App
hs.fnutils.each({
    {key = "b", app = APPNAMES.Movie},
    {key = "e", app = APPNAMES.Emacs},
    {key = "c", app = APPNAMES.Browser},
    {key = "f", app = APPNAMES.FileManager},
    {key = "i", app = APPNAMES.Term},
    {key = "m", app = APPNAMES.Mail},
    {key = "q", app = APPNAMES.IM},
    {key = "s", app = APPNAMES.TextEditor},
    {key = "u", app = APPNAMES.Doc},
    {key = "t", app = APPNAMES.Music},
    -- {key = "t", app = APPNAMES.Todolist},
    {key = "w", app = APPNAMES.WeChat},
    {key = "y", app = APPNAMES.Preview},
}, function(meta)
    hs.hotkey.bind(m_switch_app, meta.key, launch_or_focus_window(meta.app))
end)

也可以到这里下载: init.lua

快捷键

具体绑定请参见上面的配置文件，这里只列出能完成的功能:

• 改变窗口大小及位置(左半边屏幕、右半边屏幕等)
• 微调窗口位置
• 微调窗口大小
• 移动窗口到其他屏幕
• 平铺并选择App(谁用谁知道)
• 一键切换预定义窗口布局(预定义常用窗口位置，一键切换)
• 快速切换到指定App(最常用)

总结

由于录制后的 GIF 文件很大，这里就不放在博客里面了。

现在就去动手尝试吧，相信我，花1小时去尝试，你每天将至少节约出一小时: )

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