SQL行列互转

SQL code
   
   
   
   
-- 行列互转 /* ***************************************************************************************************************************************************** 以学生成绩为例子,比较形象易懂 整理人:中国风(Roy) 日期:2008.06.06 ***************************************************************************************************************************************************** */ -- 1、行互列 -- > --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id ( ' Class ' ) is null drop table Class Go Create table Class( [ Student ] nvarchar ( 2 ), [ Course ] nvarchar ( 2 ), [ Score ] int ) Insert Class select N ' 张三 ' ,N ' 语文 ' , 78 union all select N ' 张三 ' ,N ' 数学 ' , 87 union all select N ' 张三 ' ,N ' 英语 ' , 82 union all select N ' 张三 ' ,N ' 物理 ' , 90 union all select N ' 李四 ' ,N ' 语文 ' , 65 union all select N ' 李四 ' ,N ' 数学 ' , 77 union all select N ' 李四 ' ,N ' 英语 ' , 65 union all select N ' 李四 ' ,N ' 物理 ' , 85 Go -- 2000方法: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) set @s = '' Select @s = @s + ' , ' + quotename ( [ Course ] ) + ' =max(case when [Course]= ' + quotename ( [ Course ] , '''' ) + ' then [Score] else 0 end) ' from Class group by [ Course ] exec ( ' select [Student] ' + @s + ' from Class group by [Student] ' ) 生成静态: select [ Student ] , [ 数学 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 数学 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 物理 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 物理 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 英语 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 英语 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 语文 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 语文 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ) from Class group by [ Student ] GO --2005方法: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) Select @s = isnull ( @s + ' , ' , '' ) + quotename ( [ Course ] ) from Class group by [ Course ] exec ( ' select * from Class pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in( ' + @s + ' ))b ' ) 生成静态: select * from Class pivot ( max ( [ Score ] ) for [ Course ] in ( [ 数学 ] , [ 物理 ] , [ 英语 ] , [ 语文 ] ))b 生成格式: /* Student 数学 物理 英语 语文 ------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 李四 77 85 65 65 张三 87 90 82 78 (2 行受影响) */ -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- go -- 加上总成绩(学科平均分) -- 2000方法: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) set @s = '' Select @s = @s + ' , ' + quotename ( [ Course ] ) + ' =max(case when [Course]= ' + quotename ( [ Course ] , '''' ) + ' then [Score] else 0 end) ' from Class group by [ Course ] exec ( ' select [Student] ' + @s + ' ,[总成绩]=sum([Score]) from Class group by [Student] ' ) -- 加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score])) 生成动态: select [ Student ] , [ 数学 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 数学 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 物理 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 物理 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 英语 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 英语 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 语文 ] = max ( case when [ Course ] = ' 语文 ' then [ Score ] else 0 end ), [ 总成绩 ] = sum ( [ Score ] ) -- 加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score])) from Class group by [ Student ] go -- 2005方法: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) Select @s = isnull ( @s + ' , ' , '' ) + quotename ( [ Course ] ) from Class group by [ Course ] -- isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号 exec ( ' select [Student], ' + @s + ' ,[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in( ' + @s + ' ))b ' ) 生成静态: select [ Student ] , [ 数学 ] , [ 物理 ] , [ 英语 ] , [ 语文 ] , [ 总成绩 ] from ( select * , [ 总成绩 ] = sum ( [ Score ] ) over (partition by [ Student ] ) from Class) a -- 平均分时用avg([Score]) pivot ( max ( [ Score ] ) for [ Course ] in ( [ 数学 ] , [ 物理 ] , [ 英语 ] , [ 语文 ] ))b 生成格式: /* Student 数学 物理 英语 语文 总成绩 ------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 李四 77 85 65 65 292 张三 87 90 82 78 337 (2 行受影响) */ go -- 2、列转行 -- > --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id ( ' Class ' ) is null drop table Class Go Create table Class( [ Student ] nvarchar ( 2 ), [ 数学 ] int , [ 物理 ] int , [ 英语 ] int , [ 语文 ] int ) Insert Class select N ' 李四 ' , 77 , 85 , 65 , 65 union all select N ' 张三 ' , 87 , 90 , 82 , 78 Go -- 2000: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) select @s = isnull ( @s + ' union all ' , '' ) + ' select [Student],[Course]= ' + quotename (Name, '''' ) -- isnull(@s+' union all ','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个union all + ' ,[Score]= ' + quotename (Name) + ' from Class ' from syscolumns where ID = object_id ( ' Class ' ) and Name not in ( ' Student ' ) -- 排除不转换的列 order by Colid exec ( ' select * from ( ' + @s + ' )t order by [Student],[Course] ' ) -- 增加一个排序 生成静态: select * from ( select [ Student ] , [ Course ] = ' 数学 ' , [ Score ] = [ 数学 ] from Class union all select [ Student ] , [ Course ] = ' 物理 ' , [ Score ] = [ 物理 ] from Class union all select [ Student ] , [ Course ] = ' 英语 ' , [ Score ] = [ 英语 ] from Class union all select [ Student ] , [ Course ] = ' 语文 ' , [ Score ] = [ 语文 ] from Class)t order by [ Student ] , [ Course ] go -- 2005: 动态: declare @s nvarchar ( 4000 ) select @s = isnull ( @s + ' , ' , '' ) + quotename (Name) from syscolumns where ID = object_id ( ' Class ' ) and Name not in ( ' Student ' ) order by Colid exec ( ' select Student,[Course],[Score] from Class unpivot ([Score] for [Course] in( ' + @s + ' ))b ' ) go select Student, [ Course ] , [ Score ] from Class unpivot ( [ Score ] for [ Course ] in ( [ 数学 ] , [ 物理 ] , [ 英语 ] , [ 语文 ] ))b 生成格式: /* Student Course Score ------- ------- ----------- 李四 数学 77 李四 物理 85 李四 英语 65 李四 语文 65 张三 数学 87 张三 物理 90 张三 英语 82 张三 语文 78 (8 行受影响)

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