轻松搞定dataguard
dataguard
1. 安装oracle，创建primary数据库
2. 设置primary库force logging.
PRIMARY>alter database force logging;
Database altered.
3. 创建密码文件
[oracle@PRIMARY]orapwd file=orapwprimary password=xxxxxxx;
4. 修改有关data guard的参数
PRIMARY> show parameter log_archive_config
PRIMARY> alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(zxdb,zxdbdg1)';
System altered.
PRIMARY>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zxdb';
System altered.
5. 添加standby log group
PRIMARY>alter database add standby logfile group 4('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/standbylog/group_4_1.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/standbylog/group_4_2.log') size 30m;
Database altered.
PRIMARY>alter database add standby logfile group 5('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/standbylog/group_5_1.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/standbylog/group_5_2.log') size 30m;
Database altered.
创建成功后，在v$standby_log可以看到新加入的两个standby logfile的group， 在v$log里查询可以看到新添加进去的4个standby logfile。
6. 修改参数
fal_server zxdbdg
fal_client zxdb
standby_file_management auto
log_archive_dest_state_2 enable
log_archive_max_processes
7. 创建standby控制文件
PRIMARY> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/app/oracle/standby.ctl';
8. 导出spfile为pfile
PRIMARY> create pfile='/u01/app/oracle/init.ora' from spfile;
9. 复制数据库，可以物理拷贝，也可以用RMAN。
10. scp拷贝pfile和standby controlfile到备考机器
scp /u01/app/oracle/standby.ctl oracle:dg /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/controlfile/control1.ctl
scp /u01/app/oracle/init.ora oracle:dg /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initzxdb.ora
11. 修改pfile
db_unique_name zxdbdg
control_files /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/controlfile/standby.ctl
log_archive_dest_1 LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zxdbdg
log_archive_dest_2 SERVICE=zxdb LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zxdb
fal_server zxdb
fal_client zxdbdg
12. 在备库上pfile为spfile
STANDBY> create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilezxdb.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initzxdb.ora'
13. 在主机上建立tns service zxdb和zxdbdg这里是上面fal指定的
zxdb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.10.129)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zxdb)
)
)
zxdbdg =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.10.130)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zxdb)
)
)
14 在备课上配置同上的tnsname
zxdb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.10.129)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zxdb)
)
)
zxdbdg =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.10.130)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zxdb)
)
)
15. 启动备库
STANDBY> start mount
16. 应用redo
STANDBY> recover managed standby database
这里注意，这个事handle的。所以关掉session的话，会停止住。
一般我们都是用disconnect来解决这个问题
STANDBY> recover managed standby database disconnect from session
测试dg
在主库上insert data并且commit
ID NAME
--------------------------------------- ----------
1 test1
2 test2
3 test3
4 test4
查看主库v$archived_log
PRIMARY> select RECID, STAMP, NAME, DEST_ID, SEQUENCE#, STANDBY_DEST, ARCHIVED, APPLIED from v$archived_log;
11 712946684 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog/1_11_712892825.dbf 1 11 NO YES NO
12 712946692 zxdbdg1 2 11 YES YES YES
13 712948030 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog/1_12_712892825.dbf 1 12 NO YES NO
14 712948031 zxdbdg1 2 12 YES YES YES
在备库上查看v$archived_log
STANDBY> create table test.testobject as select * from dba_tables;
STANDBY> alter database open read only;
SQL> select RECID, STAMP, NAME, DEST_ID, SEQUENCE#, STANDBY_DEST, ARCHIVED, APPLIED from v$archived_log;
RECID STAMP NAME DEST_ID SEQUENCE# STANDBY_DEST ARCHIVED APPLIED
---------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ -------- -------
1 712946690 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog/1_11_712892825.dbf 1 11 NO YES YES
2 712948028 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zxdb/archivelog/1_12_712892825.dbf 2 12 NO YES YES
STANDBY> select RECID, STAMP, NAME, DEST_ID, SEQUENCE#, STANDBY_DEST, ARCHIVED, APPLIED from v$archived_log;
ID NAME
--------------------------------------- ----------
1 test1
2 test2
3 test3
4 test4
这里已经成功了apply到备库上去了。
实验2
PRIMARY> create table test.testobject as select * from dba_tables;
PRIMARY> commit
观察alert日志，没有归档的提示信息
redo日志没有满，所以没有切换
PRIMARY> insert into test.testobject select * from test.testobject;
多执行了几次，在alert日志，出现归档的信息。
用上面的方法查询，和主库一致。
STANDBY>select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# STATUS
--------- -------- ---------- ------------
ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED
ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED
ARCH ARCH 17 CLOSING
ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED
RFS N/A 0 IDLE
MRP0 N/A 18 WAIT_FOR_LOG
RFS LGWR 19 IDLE
RFS UNKNOWN 0 IDLE