RHCE_LAB(6)RHEL6 的LVM 应用实例(LVM 创建)
实验目的:
理解LVM (逻辑卷管理器),添加、删除和调整LVM 大小。
实验环境:
操作系统:RedHat Enterprise Linux 6 (RHEL6 )
相关软件:lvm2-2.02.16-3.el5
实验步骤:
1. 新建分区,并将新分区的系统类型改为Linux LVM
使用“fdisk” 交互模式新增分区
在此本人是重新给了一块新的虚拟硬盘(20G )
[root@linux tmp]# fdisk /dev/sdb
下面的这些命令是在分完三个主分区(分了15G )剩下的扩展分区下操作的
Command (m for help): n // 使用“n” 新建分区
First cylinder (7797-9729, default 7797):
Using default value 7797
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7797-9729, default 9729): +1G // 设定分区大小
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (7810-9729, default 7810):
Using default value 7810
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7810-9729, default 9729): +1G
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (7823-9729, default 7823):
Using default value 7823
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7823-9729, default 9729): +2G
Command (m for help): p // 使用“p” 查看分区信息
我们刚刚建立的分区如下
/dev/sdb5 7797 7809 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 7810 7822 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb7 7823 7829 56196 83 Linux
Linux LVM 分区类型代码为“8e” ,(我们可以通过“l” 查看分区类型代码)
将刚刚建立的分区转换成Linux LVM 类型
Command (m for help): t // 使用“t” 转换分区类型
Partition number (1-7): 7 // 输入分区号
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e // 输入分区类型代码
Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)
查看现在的分区信息
/dev/sdb5 7797 7809 104391 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb6 7810 7822 104391 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb7 7823 7829 56196 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w // 输入“w” 保存退出
立即更新分区信息而不用重新启动系统
[root@linux tmp]# partprobe
2. 建立PV (物理卷)
将新建的分区“ /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6 /dev/sdb7 ” 转换为PV
[root@linux tmp]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6 /dev/sdb7
Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb6" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb7" successfully created
查看PV 信息
[root@linux tmp]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdb5" is a new physical volume of "1.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb5
VG Name
PV Size 1.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID evBAzL-4AFx-TBgw-LwAY-PClM-Zs8c-1YcvUZ
"/dev/sdb6" is a new physical volume of "1.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb6
VG Name
PV Size 1.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID nAP9bL-RHYO-n7cn-Kwg6-lXbu-0xBc-TbYBIH
"/dev/sdb7" is a new physical volume of "1.98 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb7
VG Name
PV Size 1.98 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID vONhRj-9FTR-4Me1-dLo2-0Vd8-9zSJ-DkJanY
3. 建立VG (卷组)
将刚刚建立的PV 中的2 个分配到VG 中,将VG 命名为vg1
[root@linux tmp]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
查看建立好的VG
[root@linux tmp]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 2.02 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 516
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 516 / 2.02 GiB
VG UUID HVap1Y-dKN0-SG1f-r2Fr-GAGX-TaS2-duLXM1
4. 建立LV (逻辑卷)
建立新的LV ,分配VG 中全部的空间,并命名为LV1
[root@linux tmp]# lvcreate -L 2G -n lv1 vg1
Logical volume "lv1" created
查看LV 信息
[root@linux tmp]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID 46r7Wy-qa3k-N0lN-JUN3-Gmax-ozrE-BMP7nV
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
使用ext3 格式,建立LV 的文件系统
[root@linux tmp]# mke2fs -j /dev/vg1/lv1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
正在写入inode 表: 完成
Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
6. 挂载LV 分区到目录
[root@linux tmp]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /tmp/lvm/
[root@linux tmp]# mount
/dev/sda3 on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
none on /proc/fs/vmblock/mountPoint type vmblock (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 on /tmp/lvm type ext3 (rw)
实验总结:
LVM 将物理磁盘分区通过逻辑方式进行灵活的管理,可以充分保证在实际环境中对磁盘空间的合理利用。下期实验介绍如何调整LVM 的大小和删除LVM 。
RHCE_LAB(6)RHEL5 的LVM 应用实例(LVM 创建)—— 结束
本文操作步骤转载于:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2010-10/29418.htm