MongoDB学习之旅二十四:MongoDB Replica Sets 增加节点

    MongoDB Replica Sets 不仅提供高可用性的解决方案,它也同时提供负载均衡的解决方案,增减Replica Sets 节点在实际应用中非常普遍,例如当应用的读压力暴增时,3 台节点的环境已不能满足需求,那么就需要增加一些节点将压力平均分配一下。

    增加节点

    两种方式:一是通过oplog增加节点,二是通过数据库快照和oplog来增加节点

    通过oplog增加节点

    1、配置并启动新节点,启用28013这个端口给新的节点

root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/data/r3
[root@localhost ~]# echo "this is rs1 super secret key" > /data/key/r3
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /data/key/r3
[root@localhost ~]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --replSet rs1 --keyFile /data/key/r3 --fork --port
28013 --dbpath /data/data/r3 --logpath=/data/log/r3.log --logappend
all output going to: /data/log/r3.log
forked process: 10553
[root@localhost ~]#
    2、添加此新节点到现有的Replica Sets
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.add("localhost:28013")
{ "ok" : 1 }
    3、查看Replica Sets,我们可以清晰的看到内部是如何添加28013这个新节点的

    (1)进行初始化

rs1: PRIMARY > rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs1",
"date" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:17:44Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"members" : [
……
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "localhost:28013",
"health" : 0,
"state" : 6,
"stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
"uptime" : 0,
"optime" : {
"t" : 0,
"i" : 0
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:17:43Z"),
"errmsg" : "still initializing"
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
    (2)进行数据同步
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs1",
"date" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:07Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"members" : [
……
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "localhost:28013",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 3,
"stateStr" : "RECOVERING",
"uptime" : 16,
"optime" : {
"t" : 0,
"i" : 0
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:05Z"),
"errmsg" : "initial sync need a member to be primary or secondary
to do our initial sync"
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
    (3)初始化同步完成
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs1",
"date" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:08Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"members" : [
……
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "localhost:28013",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 3,
"stateStr" : "RECOVERING",
"uptime" : 17,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1338466661000,
"i" : 1
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:17:41Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:07Z"),
"errmsg" : "initial sync done"
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
    (4)节点添加完成,状态正常
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs1",
"date" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:10Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"members" : [
……
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "localhost:28013",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 19,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1338466661000,
"i" : 1
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:17:41Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-05-31T12:18:09Z")
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
    4、验证数据已经同步过来
[root@localhost data]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongo -port 28013
MongoDB shell version: 1.8.1
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:28013/test
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:SECONDARY> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc760d2383ede1dce14ef86"), "age" : 10 }
rs1:SECONDARY>
    通过数据库快照和oplog增加节点

    通过oplog 直接进行增加节点操作简单且无需人工干预过多,但oplog 是capped collection,采用循环的方式进行日志处理,所以采用oplog 的方式进行增加节点,有可能导致数据的不一致,因为日志中存储的信息有可能已经刷新过了。不过没关系,我们可以通过数据库快照(--fastsync)和oplog 结合的方式来增加节点,这种方式的操作流程是,先取某一个复制集成员的物理文件来做为初始化数据,然后剩余的部分用oplog 日志来追,最终达到数据一致性。

    (1)取某一个复制集成员的物理文件来作为初始化数据

[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /data/data/r3 /data/data/r4
[root@localhost ~]# echo "this is rs1 super secret key" > /data/key/r4
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /data/key/r4
    (2)在取完物理文件后,在c1集中插入一条新文档,用于最后验证此更新也同步了
rs1:PRIMARY> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc760d2383ede1dce14ef86"), "age" : 10 }
rs1:PRIMARY> db.c1.insert({age:20})
rs1:PRIMARY> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc760d2383ede1dce14ef86"), "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc7748f479e007bde6644ef"), "age" : 20 }
rs1:PRIMARY>
     (3)启用28014这个端口给新的节点
/Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --replSet rs1 --keyFile /data/key/r4 --fork --port 28014 --dbpath
/data/data/r4 --logpath=/data/log/r4.log --logappend --fastsync
     (4)添加28014节点
rs1:PRIMARY> rs.add("localhost:28014")
{ "ok" : 1 }
     (5)验证数据已经同步过来
[root@localhost data]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongo -port 28014
MongoDB shell version: 1.8.1
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:28014/test
rs1:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
rs1:SECONDARY> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc760d2383ede1dce14ef86"), "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4fc7748f479e007bde6644ef"), "age" : 20 }
rs1:SECONDARY>

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