Solaris 初步设置

1．配置root用户SSH登陆

# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
ListenAddress 192.168.0.10
PermitRootLogin yes
# > /etc/motd
# vi /etc/default/init
LANG=zh

2．取消几个影响系统启动的TIMEOUT

# vi /etc/bootrc
set boot_timeout 0
# vi /boot/solaris/bootenv.rc
setprop auto-boot-timeout 0
setprop boottimeout '0'
# vi /boot/solaris/strap.rc
Options timeout=0

3．取消自动关机

# vi /etc/power.conf
#autoshutdown 30 9:00 9:00 default

4．设置用户的环境变量

# vi /etc/passwd
root:x:0:1:Super-User:/:/usr/bin/bash
# vi /.bashrc
PS1='[\u@\H \W]\$'
PATH=$PATH:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb:/usr/sbin:/etc:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/sfw/bin
MANPATH=$MANPATH:/usr/man:/usr/local/man:/opt/sfw/man
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/usr/dt/lib:/usr/openwin/lib:/usr/sfw/lib:
/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/ssl/lib
CC=gcc
export PS1 PATH MANPATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH CC
export ED99vOR=vim
umask 022
TMOUT=1800
# vi .bash_profile
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

5．安装常用软件包

TOP工具：
# gzip -d top-3.5beta12.5-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d top-3.5beta12.5-sol9-intel-local

VIM工具：
# gzip -d ncurses-5.3-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d ncurses-5.3-sol9-intel-local
# gzip -d vim-6.2-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d vim-6.2-sol9-intel-local
# mv /bin/vi /bin/vi.bak
# ln -s /usr/local/bin/vim /bin/vi
# cp /usr/local/share/vim/vim62/vimrc_example.vim /.vimrc
# vi /.vimrc
把其中的：
set backup " keep a backup file
修改为：
set nobackup " keep a backup file
# vi /etc/hosts
加一条记录：
192.168.0.15 win2k

GCC工具：
# gzip -d libiconv-1.8-sol9-intel-local.gz
# gzip -d gcc-3.3.2-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d libiconv-1.8-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d gcc-3.3.2-sol9-intel-local

MAKE工具：
# gzip -d make-3.80-sol9-intel-local.gz
# gzip -d automake-1.7.2-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d make-3.80-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d automake-1.7.2-sol9-intel-local

MOZILLA：
# pkgrm SUNWnsb SUNWnsm SUNWnspsm SUNWnsxp
# gzip -d mozilla-i386-pc-solaris2.8-1.6.pkg.tar.gz
# tar -vxf mozilla-i386-pc-solaris2.8-1.6.pkg.tar
# cd mozilla-1.6-x86
# pkgadd -d MOZmozilla.pkg
# gzip -d flash_player_6_solaris_intel.tar.gz
# tar vxf flash_player_6_solaris_intel.tar
# cd install_flash_player_6_solaris
# cp * /usr/local/lib/mozilla-1.6/plugins
# cd /usr/local/lib/mozilla-1.6/plugins
# ln –s /usr/j2se/jre/plugin/i386/ns610/libjavaplugin_oji.so
# /usr/local/bin/mozilla

OTHERS:
# pkgadd -d expat-1.95.5-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d gdbm-1.8.3-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d openssl-0.9.7d-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d libgcc-3.3-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d libpcap-0.8.1-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d tcp_wrappers-7.6-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d tcpdump-3.8.1-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d zlib-1.2.1-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d lsof-4.68-sol9-intel-local

6．安装APACHE-2.0.49

# pkgrm SUNWapchd SUNWapchr SUNWapchu
# gzip -d apache-2.0.49-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d apache-2.0.49-sol9-intel-local
# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/rc3.d/S50apache
# chmod 744 /etc/rc3.d/S50apache
# chown root:sys /etc/rc3.d/S50apache
# 配置/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf过程略。
# SMCapach2

7．安装OPENSSH-3.8

# pkgrm SUNWsshcu SUNWsshdr SUNWsshdu SUNWsshr SUNWsshu
# gzip -d openssh-3.8p1-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d openssh-3.8p1-sol9-intel-local
# mkdir /var/empty
# chown root:sys /var/empty
# chmod 755 /var/empty
# groupadd sshd
# useradd -g sshd -c "arthur sshd privsep" -d /var/empty -s /bin/false sshd
# ssh-keygen -t rsa1 -f /usr/local/etc/ssh_host_key -N ""
# ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /usr/local/etc/ssh_host_dsa_key -N ""
# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /usr/local/etc/ssh_host_rsa_key -N ""
# vi /etc/init.d/sshd
===========================sshd============================
#!/sbin/sh
#
# Copyright (c) 2001 by Sun Microsystems, Inc
# All rights reserved.
#
#ident "@(#)sshd 1.1 01/09/24 SMI"

case "$1" in
start)
/usr/local/sbin/sshd
;;
stop)
pkill sshd
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 { start | stop }"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
===========================sshd============================
# chmod 750 /etc/init.d/sshd
# chown root:sys /etc/init.d/sshd
# ln –s /etc/init.d/sshd /etc/rc2.d/S98sshd
# vi /etc/hosts.deny
sshd:ALL
# vi /etc/hosts.allow
sshd:192.168.0.15
# rm /.ssh/*

8．安装SAMBA-3

# cp /etc/rc3.d/S90samba bak.S90samba
# pkgrm SUNWsmbac SUNWsmbar SUNWsmbau
# gzip -d samba-3.0.2a-sol9-intel-local.gz
# gzip -d popt-1.7-sol9-intel-local.gz
# pkgadd -d popt-1.7-sol9-intel-local
# pkgadd -d samba-3.0.2a-sol9-intel-local
# cd /usr/local/samba/doc/samba/examples/
# cp smb.conf.default /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf
# 设置smb.conf文件过程略
# mv /etc/rc3.d/bak.S90samba S90samba
# chown root:sys /etc/rc3.d/S90samba
# vim /etc/rc3.d/S90samba
=======================S90samba========================
#!/sbin/sh
#
# Copyright (c) 2001 by Sun Microsystems, Inc
# All rights reserved.
#
#ident "@(#)samba 1.1 01/09/24 SMI"

case "$1" in
start)
[ -f /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf ] || exit 0

/usr/local/samba/sbin/smbd -D
/usr/local/samba/sbin/nmbd -D
;;
stop)
pkill smbd
pkill nmbd
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 { start | stop }"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
=======================S90samba========================

9．初步的系统安全设置

为安全起见在/etc/inetd.conf中注释掉除下列服务的所有服务

ftp
echo
echo
discard
discard
rstatd/2-4
fs
100083/1

在只需要不多图形操作的服务器或是要保证相当的安全，你也许应该关掉字体服务fs，也可以关掉系统性能监视器rstatd和tooltalk服务器ttdbserverd（100083/1）,查找剩下需要关闭的端口的进程用这个命令：
# /usr/local/bin/lsof -i | grep port

为安全起见在防止堆栈溢出

# cp /etc/system /etc/system.BACKUP
# vi /etc/system
在文件的最后，加上以下两行：
set noexec_user_stack=1
set noexec_user_stack_log=1

禁用自动启动DESKTOP

# /usr/dt/bin/dtconfig –d

为安全起见停掉几个系统服务：

卸载SENDMAIL：
# pkgrm SUNWsndmr SUNWsndmu
卸载TELNET：
# pkgrm SUNWtnetc SUNWtnetd SUNWtnetr
# cd /etc/rc2.d
# mv S71ldap.client _S71ldap.client
# mv S72inetsvc _S72inetsvc
# mv S74autofs _S74autofs
# mv S74xntpd _S74xntpd
# mv S80lp _S80lp
# mv S71rpc _S71rpc
# mv S73nfs.client _S73nfs.client

# cd /etc/rc3.d