include <poll.h> int poll ( struct pollfd * fds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout); 返回:若有就绪描述符则为其数目,若超时则为0,若出错则为-1第一个参数:是指向一个结构数组第一个元素的指针。每个数组元素都是一个pollfd结构,用于指定测试某个给定描述符fd的条件。
timeout参数值 | 说明 |
INFTIM 0 >0 |
永远等待 立即返回,不阻塞进程 等待指定数目的毫秒数 |
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <errno.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <time.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <poll.h> #include <limits.h> /*for OPEN_MAX*/ #include <sys/types.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <fcntl.h> #ifndef OPEN_MAX #define OPEN_MAX 1024 #endif #ifndef INFTIM #define INFTIM -1 #endif #define PORT 8888 #define MAX_LINE 2048 #define LISTENQ 20 int main(int argc , char **argv) { int i, maxi, listenfd, connfd, sockfd; int nready; ssize_t n, ret; struct pollfd client[OPEN_MAX]; char buf[MAX_LINE]; socklen_t clilen; struct sockaddr_in servaddr , cliaddr; /*(1) 得到监听描述符*/ listenfd = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM , 0); /*(2) 绑定套接字*/ bzero(&servaddr , sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); bind(listenfd , (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr , sizeof(servaddr)); /*(3) 监听*/ listen(listenfd , LISTENQ); /*(4) 设置poll*/ client[0].fd = listenfd; client[0].events = POLLRDNORM; for(i=1 ; i<OPEN_MAX ; ++i) { client[i].fd = -1; }//for maxi = 0; /*(5) 进入服务器接收请求死循环*/ while(1) { nready = poll(client , maxi+1 , INFTIM); if(client[0].revents & POLLRDNORM) { /*接收客户端的请求*/ clilen = sizeof(cliaddr); printf("\naccpet connection~\n"); if((connfd = accept(listenfd , (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr , &clilen)) < 0) { perror("accept error.\n"); exit(1); }//if printf("accpet a new client: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(cliaddr.sin_addr) , cliaddr.sin_port); /*将客户链接套接字描述符添加到数组*/ for(i=1 ; i<OPEN_MAX ; ++i) { if(client[i].fd < 0) { client[i].fd = connfd; break; }//if }//for if(OPEN_MAX == i) { perror("too many connection.\n"); exit(1); }//if /*该描述符等待的事件*/ client[i].events = POLLRDNORM; if(i > maxi) maxi = i; if(--nready < 0) continue; }//if for(i=1; i<=maxi ; ++i) { if((sockfd = client[i].fd) < 0) continue; /*该链接描述符实际发生的事件*/ if(client[i].revents & (POLLRDNORM | POLLERR)) { /*处理客户请求*/ printf("\nreading the socket~~~ \n"); bzero(buf , MAX_LINE); if((n = read(sockfd , buf , MAX_LINE)) <= 0) { close(sockfd); client[i].fd = -1; }//if else{ printf("clint[%d] send message: %s\n", i , buf); if((ret = write(sockfd , buf , n)) != n) { printf("error writing to the sockfd!\n"); break; }//if }//else if(--nready <= 0) break; }//if }//for }//while exit(0); }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <errno.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <time.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/select.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <fcntl.h> #define PORT 8888 #define MAX_LINE 2048 int max(int a , int b) { return a > b ? a : b; } /*readline函数实现*/ ssize_t readline(int fd, char *vptr, size_t maxlen) { ssize_t n, rc; char c, *ptr; ptr = vptr; for (n = 1; n < maxlen; n++) { if ( (rc = read(fd, &c,1)) == 1) { *ptr++ = c; if (c == '\n') break; /* newline is stored, like fgets() */ } else if (rc == 0) { *ptr = 0; return(n - 1); /* EOF, n - 1 bytes were read */ } else return(-1); /* error, errno set by read() */ } *ptr = 0; /* null terminate like fgets() */ return(n); } /*普通客户端消息处理函数*/ void str_cli(int sockfd) { /*发送和接收缓冲区*/ char sendline[MAX_LINE] , recvline[MAX_LINE]; while(fgets(sendline , MAX_LINE , stdin) != NULL) { write(sockfd , sendline , strlen(sendline)); bzero(recvline , MAX_LINE); if(readline(sockfd , recvline , MAX_LINE) == 0) { perror("server terminated prematurely"); exit(1); }//if if(fputs(recvline , stdout) == EOF) { perror("fputs error"); exit(1); }//if bzero(sendline , MAX_LINE); }//while } int main(int argc , char **argv) { /*声明套接字和链接服务器地址*/ int sockfd; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; /*判断是否为合法输入*/ if(argc != 2) { perror("usage:tcpcli <IPaddress>"); exit(1); }//if /*(1) 创建套接字*/ if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM , 0)) == -1) { perror("socket error"); exit(1); }//if /*(2) 设置链接服务器地址结构*/ bzero(&servaddr , sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); if(inet_pton(AF_INET , argv[1] , &servaddr.sin_addr) < 0) { printf("inet_pton error for %s\n",argv[1]); exit(1); }//if /*(3) 发送链接服务器请求*/ if(connect(sockfd , (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr , sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) { perror("connect error"); exit(1); }//if /*调用消息处理函数*/ str_cli(sockfd); exit(0); }