java 导出excel到客户端（本地）例子 用poi和servlet实现的



最近做java的web项目，用到了excel导出到客户端（本地），通过IE可以实现用浏览器保存、另存为、取消。我使用的是POI来完成的，poi架包是poi-3.7-20101029.jar这个架包在网上很容易找到。话不多说，进入实战demo。 
项目结构： 
 
第一步用MyEclipse创建一个web项目，名称：excelExport 
第二步将下载的poi架包放到lib目录下，并添加到Build Path中：右击架包--》Build Path--》Add to Build Path. 
第三步创建一个servlet，名称为：ExcelExportServlet.java，其代码如下： 

 package com.lujinyong.servlet;

 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

 public class ExcelExportServlet extends HttpServlet {
     //访问网址：http://localhost:8080/excelExport/servlet/ExcelExportServlet
     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {
         response.setContentType("octets/stream");
 //      response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=test.xls");
         String excelName = "学生信息表";
         //转码防止乱码
         response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+new String( excelName.getBytes("gb2312"), "ISO8859-1" )+".xls");
         String[] headers = new String[]{"编号","姓名","年龄","性别"};
         try {
             OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
             exportExcel(excelName,headers, getList(), out,"yyyy-MM-dd");
             out.close();
             System.out.println("excel导出成功！");
         } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {
          doGet(request, response);
     }
     /**
      *
      * @Description: 模拟从数据库中查询出来的数据，一般是数据表中的几列
      * @Auther: lujinyong
      * @Date: 2013-8-22 下午2:53:58
      */
     public List<Map<String,Object>> getList(){
         List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
         for(int i = 0; i<100;i++){
             Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
             map.put("number",1000+i);
             map.put("name", "张三"+i);
             int age = (int)(Math.random()*100);
             do{
                 age = (int)(Math.random()*100);
             }while(age<10||age>15);
             map.put("age", age);
             map.put("sex", age%2==0?0:1);//获得随机性别
             list.add(map);
         }
         return list;
     }
     /**
      *
      * @Description: 生成excel并导出到客户端（本地）
      * @Auther: lujinyong
      * @Date: 2013-8-22 下午3:05:49
      */
     protected void exportExcel(String title,String[] headers,List mapList,OutputStream out,String pattern){
         //声明一个工作簿
         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
         //生成一个表格
         HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
         //设置表格默认列宽度为15个字符
         sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
         //生成一个样式，用来设置标题样式
         HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
         //设置这些样式
         style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
         style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
         style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
         //生成一个字体
         HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
         font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
         font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
         //把字体应用到当前的样式
         style.setFont(font);
         // 生成并设置另一个样式,用于设置内容样式
         HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
         style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
         style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
         style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
         style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
         style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
         // 生成另一个字体
         HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
         font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
         // 把字体应用到当前的样式
         style2.setFont(font2);
         //产生表格标题行
         HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
         for(int i = 0; i<headers.length;i++){
             HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
             cell.setCellStyle(style);
             HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
             cell.setCellValue(text);
         }
         for (int i=0;i<mapList.size();i++) {
             Map<String,Object> map = (Map<String, Object>) mapList.get(i);
             row = sheet.createRow(i+1);
             int j = 0;
             Object value = null;
             value=map.get("number");
             if(value instanceof Integer){
                 row.createCell(j++).setCellValue(String.valueOf(value));
             }
             row.createCell(j++).setCellValue(map.get("name").toString());
             value=map.get("age");
             if(value instanceof Integer){
                 row.createCell(j++).setCellValue(String.valueOf(value));
             }
             row.createCell(j++).setCellValue("0".equals(map.get("sex").toString())?"女":"男");
         }
         try {
             workbook.write(out);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

 }

第四步：将工程发布的tomcat中，运行，打开浏览器访问。如何知道访问的地址呢？打开WEB-INF下面的web.xml文件，我的是MyEclipse创建servlet时自动配置好的，代码如下，红色部分很关键,就是你访问网址最后面的两个excelExport是你的项目名称： 
[url] 
http://localhost:8080/excelExport/servlet/ExcelExportServlet 
[/url] 

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app version="2.5"
     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
   <display-name></display-name>
   <servlet>
     <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
     <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
     <servlet-name>ExcelExportServlet</servlet-name>
     <servlet-class>com.lujinyong.servlet.ExcelExportServlet</servlet-class>
   </servlet>
     <servlet-name>ExcelExportServlet</servlet-name>
     <url-pattern>[color=red]/servlet/ExcelExportServlet[/color]</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
   <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>
 </web-app>

在浏览器中打开即可该网址就可以将“学生信息表.xls”下载下来。 

 
 

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