Centos 6,7 YUM本地源，网络源

前言

YUM（全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified）是一个在Fedora中的Shell前端软件包管理器。基于RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包，无须繁琐地一次次下载和安装。文章以RHEL(Red Hat Enterprise Linux)配置YUM源为例分享YUM常用命令技巧以及如何搭建ISO本地源和CentOS YUM源。

YUM是一个安装，卸载和搜索软件包的工具

YUM常用命令

列举平时做常用的几组YUM命令

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

#清除缓存目录 yum clean all #更新缓存 yum makecache #使用YUM查找软件包 yum search telnet #用YUM安装软件包 yum install telnet #用YUM删除软件包 yum remove telnet #安装更新软件 yum update yum update telnet

本地YUM源

无论直接加载ISO还是拷贝文件来搭建本地YUM源都是很简单的

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

#通过ISO镜像挂载或者复制文件 mount -o loop rhel-server-6.3-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt mkdir /tmp/repo cp -r /mnt/* /tmp/repo #编辑本地YUM源文件 cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #清除老配置，rm -rf * vi local.repo [rhel6.3] name=rhel6.3 baseurl=file:///tmp/repo enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 #清除yum缓存并更新 yum clean all yum makecache Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Unable to read consumer identity rhel6.3 | 4.0 kB 00:00 ... rhel6.3/filelists_db | 3.7 MB 00:00 ... rhel6.3/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ... rhel6.3/other_db | 1.6 MB 00:00 ... rhel6.3/group_gz | 204 kB 00:00 ... Metadata Cache Created

搭建YUM服务器

选择ftp或http等方式多可以，偷懒必须要简单有效

YUM服务端

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

#安装apache yum install httpd* #编辑apache配置文件 cd /etc/httpd/conf cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak #删除测试启动服务 rm -f /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /var/www/error/noindex.html #拷贝文件到目录或者修改httpd.conf中的DocumentRoot cp -r /tmp/repo /var/www/html cd /var/www/html chmod -R 755 repo/ #重启apache服务 并设置服务自启动 service httpd restart chkconfig httpd on chkconfig --list | grep httpd httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

YUM客户端

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

cd /etc/yum.repos.d #清除老配置，rm -rf * vi http.repo [rhel6.3] name=rhel6.3 baseurl=http://172.28.70.160/repo enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 #清除yum配置缓存并更新 yum clean all yum makecache

CentOS 6.X YUM源

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

#导入GPG key sudo rpm --import http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #修改repo文件添加CentOS 6.X的YUM源 cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ cp rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak vi rhel-source.repo [base] name=CentOS-$releasever-Base baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever-Updates baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever-Extras baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever-Plus baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 #清除缓存查看是否生效 yum clean all yum makecache yum repolist #安装yum-plugin-downloadonly插件 yum install -y yum-plugin-downloadonly #YUM只下载不安装 yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/puppet puppet

CentOS 7.X YUM源

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

#导入GPG key sudo rpm --import http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #修改repo文件添加CentOS 7.X的YUM源 cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ cp rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak vi rhel-source.repo [base] name=CentOS-$releasever-Base baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever-Updates baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever-Extras baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever-Plus baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/ gpgcheck=1 #清除缓存查看是否生效 yum clean all yum makecache yum repolist #安装yum-plugin-downloadonly插件 yum install -y yum-plugin-downloadonly #YUM只下载不安装 yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/pacemaker pacemaker