Win32 API串口编程

        通常windows下串口编程大家会选择MFC使用SCOM控件进行串口操作,

方便而且简单,我也是这样的,PC端要进行串口编程就选择MFC做一个

简单的界面,添加SCOM控件。但有时我们需要在Win32下进行串口编程,

根据我在网上查的资料以及编程调试经验做一个简单的例子,需要深入的

可以此为基础。

串口编程的过程基本是这样的:

       串口打开、串口读操作、串口写操作、串口关闭

 

包含头文件:

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

 

一、串口的同步方式(等待操作完成后才能返回):

1、  打开串口同步方式

HANDLE Open_driver_T(char *name)

{

       //打开串口

       HANDLE m_hCom = CreateFile(name,GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL,

            OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);

       if(m_hCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

       {

               printf("Create File faile\n");

               return NULL;

       }

       //设置缓冲区大小

       if(!SetupComm(m_hCom,1024,1024))

      {

             printf("SetupComm fail!\n");

             CloseHandle(m_hCom);

             return NULL;

       }

       //设置超时

       COMMTIMEOUTS TimeOuts;

       memset(&TimeOuts,0,sizeof(TimeOuts));

       TimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 100;

       TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;

       TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 100;

       TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 2000;

       TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 50;

       SetCommTimeouts(m_hCom,&TimeOuts);

       PurgeComm(m_hCom,PURGE_TXCLEAR|PURGE_RXCLEAR);

       //设置串口参数

       DCB dcb = {0};

       if (!GetCommState(m_hCom,&dcb))

       {

               printf("GetCommState fail\n");

               return NULL;

       }

       dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(dcb);

       if (!BuildCommDCB("1228800,n,8,1",&dcb))//填充DCB的数据传输率、奇偶校验类型、数据位、停止位

       {

               printf("BuileCOmmDCB fail\n");

               CloseHandle(m_hCom);

               return NULL;

       }

       if(SetCommState(m_hCom,&dcb))

       {

              printf("SetCommState OK!\n");

       }

       return m_hCom;

}

 

2、串口发送(写操作)--同步方式

unsigned char Send_driver_T(HANDLE fd, BYTE *data)

{

       DWORD dwError;

       DWORD dwExpectSend = 20;

       DWORD dwRealSend = 0;

       BYTE *pSendBuffer;

      

       pSendBuffer = data;

       if(ClearCommError(fd,&dwError,NULL))

       {

              PurgeComm(fd,PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR);

       }

       if(!WriteFile(fd,pSendBuffer,dwExpectSend ,&dwRealSend,NULL))

       {    

              //写串口失败

              printf("发送失败!\n");

              return 1;

       }

       return 0;

}

3、串口读取(读操作)--同步方式

unsigned char Receive_driver_T(HANDLE fd, BYTE *data)

{

       DWORD dwError;

       DWORD dwWantRead = 20;

       DWORD dwRealRead = 0;

       BYTE* pReadBuf;

       int i;

       BYTE crc;

      

       pReadBuf = data;

       if (ClearCommError(fd,&dwError,NULL))

       {

              PurgeComm(fd,PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR);

       }

       if(!ReadFile(fd,pReadBuf,dwWantRead ,&dwRealRead,NULL))    //成功返回非0 //失败返回0

       {

              return 1;

       }

       if(dwRealRead>0)

              printf("recv_len = %d\n",dwRealRead);

       printf("接收数据: ");

       for(i=0; i<20; i++)

       {

              printf("%x ",data[i]);

       }

       printf("\n");

       return 0;

}

 

4、串口关闭

int Close_driver(void *fd)

{

       CloseHandle(fd);

       return 0;

}

 

5、编程应用程序

void main()

{

       HANDLE hCom;

       BYTE SendData[20] = {0};

       BYTE RecvData[100] = {0};

       unsigned int SendCnt=0;

       unsigned int RecvCnt=0;

       int i;

       hCom = Open_driver_T("COM3");

       if(!hCom)

       {

              printf("串口端口打开失败\n");

              return ;

       }

       else

              printf("串口端口打开成功!\n");

 

       SendCnt=0;

       for(i=0; i<5; i++)

       {

              SendCnt++;

              if(Send_driver_T(hCom, SendData))

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 发送失败!\n",SendCnt);

              }

              else

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 发送成功!\n",SendCnt);

              }

              Sleep(1000);

       }

       printf("\n");

 

       RecvCnt=0;

       for(i=0; i<5; i++)

       {

              if(Receive_driver_T(hCom, RecvData))

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 接收失败!\n",RecvCnt);

              }

              else

              {

                     RecvCnt++;

                     printf("数据(%4d) 接收成功!\n",RecvCnt);

              }

              Sleep(1000);

       }

}

 

二、串口的异步方式(操作结束立即返回)

1、打开串口异步方式

HANDLE Open_driver_Y(char *name)

{

       //打开串口

       HANDLE m_hCom = CreateFile(name,GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL,

              OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);

       if(m_hCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

       {

              printf("Create File faile\n");

              return NULL;

       }

       //设置缓冲区大小

       if(!SetupComm(m_hCom,1024,1024))

       {

              printf("SetupComm fail!\n");

              CloseHandle(m_hCom);

              return NULL;

       }

       //设置超时

       COMMTIMEOUTS TimeOuts;

       memset(&TimeOuts,0,sizeof(TimeOuts));

       TimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 100;

       TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;

       TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 100;

       TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 2000;

       TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 50;

       SetCommTimeouts(m_hCom,&TimeOuts);

       PurgeComm(m_hCom,PURGE_TXCLEAR|PURGE_RXCLEAR);

       //设置串口参数

       DCB dcb = {0};

       if (!GetCommState(m_hCom,&dcb))

       {

              printf("GetCommState fail\n");

              return NULL;

       }

       dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(dcb);

       if (!BuildCommDCB("1228800,n,8,1",&dcb))//填充DCB的数据传输率、奇偶校验类型、数据位、停止位

       {

              printf("BuileCOmmDCB fail\n");

              CloseHandle(m_hCom);

              return NULL;

       }

       if(SetCommState(m_hCom,&dcb))

       {

              printf("SetCommState OK!\n");

       }

       //建立并初始化重叠结构

       ZeroMemory(&wrOverlapped,sizeof(wrOverlapped));

       if (wrOverlapped.hEvent != NULL)

       {

              ResetEvent(wrOverlapped.hEvent);

              wrOverlapped.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL,TRUE,FALSE,NULL);

       }

       return m_hCom;

}

 

2、  串口发送(写操作)—异步方式

unsigned char Send_driver_Y(HANDLE fd, BYTE *data)

{

       DWORD dwError;

       DWORD dwExpectSend = 20;

       DWORD dwRealSend = 0;

       BYTE *pSendBuffer;

       pSendBuffer = data;

       if(ClearCommError(fd,&dwError,NULL))

       {

              PurgeComm(fd,PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR);

       }

       if(!WriteFile(fd,pSendBuffer,dwExpectSend ,&dwRealSend,&wrOverlapped))

       {    

              if(GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING)

              {

                     while(!GetOverlappedResult(fd,&wrOverlapped,&dwRealSend,FALSE))  

                     //成功返回非0,失败返回0

                     {

                            if(GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE)

                            {

                                   continue;

                            }

                            else

                            {

                                   printf("发送失败!\n");

                                   ClearCommError(fd,&dwError,NULL);

                                   break;

                                   return 1;

                            }

                     }

              }

       }

       return 0;

}

 

3、  串口接收(读操作)--异步方式

unsigned char Receive_driver_Y(HANDLE fd, BYTE *data)

{

       DWORD dwError;

       DWORD dwWantRead = 20;

       DWORD dwRealRead = 0;

       BYTE* pReadBuf;

       int i;

       BYTE crc;

       pReadBuf = data;

       if (ClearCommError(fd,&dwError,NULL))

       {

              PurgeComm(fd,PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR);

       }

       if(!ReadFile(fd,pReadBuf,dwWantRead,&dwRealRead,&wrOverlapped))

       {

              dwError=GetLastError();

              if(dwError == ERROR_IO_PENDING)

              {

                     while(!GetOverlappedResult(fd,&wrOverlapped,&dwRealRead,TRUE))   

                     //成功返回非0, 失败返回0

                     {

                            return 1;

                     }

              }

       }

       if(dwRealRead>0)

              printf("recv_len = %d\n",dwRealRead);      

       printf("接收数据\n");

       for(i=0; i<20; i++)

       {

              printf("%x ",data[i]);

       }

       return 0;

}

 

4、  关闭串口

int Close_driver(void *fd)

{

       CloseHandle(fd);

       return 0;

}

 

5、  编程应用程序--异步方式

OVERLAPPED wrOverlapped;

void main()

{

       HANDLE hCom;

       BYTE SendData[20] = {0};

       BYTE RecvData[100] = {0};

       unsigned int SendCnt=0;

       unsigned int RecvCnt=0;

       int i;

      

       hCom = Open_driver_Y("COM3");

       if(!hCom)

       {

              printf("串口端口打开失败\n");

              return ;

       }

       else

              printf("串口端口打开成功!\n");

      

       SendCnt=0;

       for(i=0; i<5; i++)

       {

              SendCnt++;

              if(Send_driver_Y(hCom, SendData))

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 发送失败!\n",SendCnt);

              }

              else

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 发送成功!\n",SendCnt);

              }

              Sleep(1000);

       }

       printf("\n");

      

       RecvCnt=0;

       for(i=0; i<5; i++)

       {

              if(Receive_driver_Y(hCom, RecvData))

              {

                     printf("数据(%4d) 接收失败!\n",RecvCnt);

              }

              else

              {

                     RecvCnt++;

                     printf("数据(%4d) 接收成功!\n",RecvCnt);

              }

              Sleep(1000);

       }

}

 

相关函数原型以及参数定义请参考MSDN

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