Hard-题目46:214. Shortest Palindrome

题目原文:
Given a string S, you are allowed to convert it to a palindrome by adding characters in front of it. Find and return the shortest palindrome you can find by performing this transformation.
For example:
Given “aacecaaa”, return “aaacecaaa”.
Given “abcd”, return “dcbabcd”.
题目大意:
给出一个字符串s,在左边添加尽可能少的字符,使得增加后的字符串是回文串。
题目分析:
本题的关键是求以s[0]开头的最长回文子串,再把剩下的部分翻转搬到前面即可。首先考虑暴力解法,提交显然tle。根据前面题的经验,可以使用manacher算法在O(n)内求出一个字符串的最大回文子串。那么加一个限定p[i]==i就可以得出s[0]开头的最长回文字串。(别问我为什么 我也不知道,我连manacher算法怎么回事都不知道)
源码:(language:cpp)

class Solution {
public:
    int longestPalindrom(string s) {
        string s1;
        s1.resize(2 * s.length() + 2);
        int idx = 0;
        s1[idx++] = '$';
        s1[idx++] = '#';
        for (char a : s) {
            s1[idx++] = a;
            s1[idx++] = '#';
        }
        vector<int> p(s1.length(), 0);
        int res = 0;
        for (int id = 0, i = 1; i < s1.length(); ++i) {
            if (i < id + p[id]) p[i] = min(p[2 * id - i], id + p[id] - i);
            else p[i] = 1;
            while (s1[i + p[i]] == s1[i - p[i]]) ++p[i];
            if (id + p[id] < i + p[i]) id = i;
            if (p[i] == i) res = max(res, i);
        }
        return res - 1;
    }

    string shortestPalindrome(string s) {
        int pos = longestPalindrom(s);
        string res;
        for (int i = s.length() - 1; i >= pos; --i) res.push_back(s[i]);
        return res + s;
    }
};

成绩:
12ms,25.88%,8ms,47.74%
Cmershen的碎碎念:
可能是本题的数据还是有点弱,似乎这个O(n)比很多 O(n2) 的提交还慢。当然Manacher本来就是很复杂的O(n)算法。

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