偶然看到一个关于swing布局管理器的总结，觉得不错，如下。

FlowLayout

FlowLayout类是最简单的布局管理器。它按照和页面上排列单词的类似方式来安排组件----从左到右，直至没有多余的空间，然后转到下一行。

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicstaticvoid addComponentsToPane(Container pane) { pane.setLayout( new FlowLayout()); pane.add( new JButton( "Button 1" )); pane.add( new JButton( "Button 2" )); pane.add( new JButton( "Button 3" )); pane.add( new JButton( "Long-Named Button 4" )); pane.add( new JButton( "5" )); }

BorderLayout

一个BorderLayout对象将界面分成五大区域，分别用BorderLayout类的静态常量指定：

-PAGE_START

-PAGE_END

-LINE_START

-LINE_END

-CENTER

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicstaticvoid addComponentsToPane(Container pane) {       JButton button = new JButton( "Button 1 (PAGE_START)" ); pane.add(button, BorderLayout. PAGE_START );      button = new JButton( "Button 2 (CENTER)" ); button.setPreferredSize( new Dimension(200,  100)); pane.add(button, BorderLayout. CENTER );    button = new JButton( "Button 3 (LINE_START)" ); pane.add(button, BorderLayout. LINE_START );      button = new JButton( "Long-Named Button 4 (PAGE_END)" ); pane.add(button, BorderLayout. PAGE_END );       button = new JButton( "5 (LINE_END)" ); pane.add(button, BorderLayout. LINE_END ); }

BoxLayout

BoxLayout可以将组件由上至下或由左至右依次加入当前面板。

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicstaticvoid addComponentsToPane(Container pane) { JPanel xPanel = new JPanel(); xPanel.setLayout( new   BoxLayout(xPanel, BoxLayout. X_AXIS )); addButtons(xPanel); JPanel yPanel = new JPanel(); yPanel.setLayout( new   BoxLayout(yPanel, BoxLayout. Y_AXIS )); addButtons(yPanel); pane.add(yPanel, BorderLayout. PAGE_START ); pane.add(xPanel, BorderLayout. PAGE_END ); } privatestaticvoid addAButton(String text, Container container) { JButton button = new JButton(text); button.setAlignmentX(Component. CENTER_ALIGNMENT ); container.add(button); } privatestaticvoid addButtons(Container container) { addAButton( "Button 1" , container); addAButton( "Button 2" , container); addAButton( "Button 3" , container); addAButton( "Long-Named Button 4" ,  container); addAButton( "5" , container); }

CardLayout

卡片布局和其他布局不同，因为它隐藏了一些组件。卡片布局就是一组容器或者组件，它们一次仅仅显是一个，组中的每个容器称为卡片。

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicvoid addComponentToPane(Container pane) { final JPanel contentPanel = new JPanel(); JPanel controlPanel = new JPanel(); final CardLayout cardLayout= new CardLayout();; pane.setLayout( new BorderLayout()); pane.add(contentPanel, BorderLayout. CENTER ); pane.add(controlPanel, BorderLayout. PAGE_END ); controlPanel.setLayout( new FlowLayout()); JButton[] b = new JButton[10]; for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { b[i] = new JButton( "No." + i); contentPanel.add(b[i]); } contentPanel.setLayout(cardLayout); JButton nextButton = new JButton( "next" ); nextButton.addActionListener( new   ActionListener(){ publicvoid actionPerformed(ActionEvent  e) { cardLayout.next(contentPanel); }}); controlPanel.add(nextButton); }

GridLayout

GridLayout让你建立一个组件表格，并且当组件加入时，会依序又左至右，由上至下填充到每个格子，它不能由你指定想放那个格子就放那个格子

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicstaticvoid addComponentsToPane(Container pane) { JButton[] buttons = new JButton[9]; pane.setLayout( new GridLayout(3, 3)); for ( int i = 0; i < buttons. length ; i++) { buttons[i] = new JButton(i + "" ); pane.add(buttons[i]); } }

GridBagLayout

GridBagLayout是所有AWT布局管理器当中最复杂的，同时他的功能也是最强大的。GridBagLayout同GridLayout一样，在容器中以网格形式来管理组件。但GridBagLayout功能要来得强大得多。

1、GridBagLayout管理的所有行和列都可以是大小不同的；

2、GridLayout把每个组件限制到一个单元格，而GridBagLayout并不这样：组件在容器中可以占据任意大小的矩形区域。

GridBagLayout通常由一个专用类来对他布局行为进行约束，该类叫GridBagConstraints。其中有11个公有成员变量，GridBagConstraints可以从这11个方面来进行控制和操纵。这些内容是：

1、gridx—组件的横向坐标；

2、girdy—组件的纵向坐标；

3、gridwidth—组件的横向宽度，也就是指组件占用的列数；

4、gridheight—组件的纵向长度，也就是指组件占用的行数；

5、weightx—指行的权重，告诉布局管理器如何分配额外的水平空间；

6、weighty—指列的权重，告诉布局管理器如何分配额外的垂直空间；

7、anchor—当组件小于其显示区域时使用此字段；

8、fill—如果显示区域比组件的区域大的时候，可以用来控制组件的行为。控制组件是垂直填充，还是水平填充，或者两个方向一起填充；

9、insets—指组件与表格空间四周边缘的空白区域的大小；

10、ipadx— 组件间的横向间距，组件的宽度就是这个组件的最小宽度加上ipadx值；

11、ipady— 组件间的纵向间距，组件的高度就是这个组件的最小高度加上ipady值。

说明：

1、gridx，gridy：其实就是组件行列的设置，注意都是从0开始的，比如 gridx=0，gridy=1时放在0行1列；

2、gridwidth，gridheight：默认值为1；GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER常量，代表此组件为此行或此列的最后一个组件，会占据所有剩余的空间；

3、weightx，weighty：当窗口变大时，设置各组件跟着变大的比例。比如组件A的weightx=0.5，组件B的weightx=1，那么窗口X轴变大时剩余的空间就会以1：2的比例分配给组件A和B；

4、anchor：当组件空间大于组件本身时，要将组件置于何处。 有CENTER（默认值）、NORTH、NORTHEAST、EAST、SOUTHEAST、WEST、NORTHWEST选择。

5、insets：设置组件之间彼此的间距。它有四个参数，分别是上，左，下，右，默认为（0，0，0，0）。

效果：

内容面板代码：

 

publicstaticvoid addComponentsToPane(Container pane) { JButton button; pane.setLayout( new GridBagLayout()); GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints(); button = new JButton( "Button 1" ); c. fill = GridBagConstraints. HORIZONTAL ; c. gridx = 0; c. gridy = 0; pane.add(button, c); button = new JButton( "Button 2" ); c. fill = GridBagConstraints. HORIZONTAL ; c. weightx = 0.5; c. gridx = 1; c. gridy = 0; pane.add(button, c); button = new JButton( "Button 3" ); c. fill = GridBagConstraints. HORIZONTAL ; c. weightx = 0.5; c. gridx = 2; c. gridy = 0; pane.add(button, c); button = new JButton( "Long-Named Button 4" ); c. fill = GridBagConstraints. HORIZONTAL ; c. ipady = 40; // make this component tall c. weightx = 0.0; c. gridwidth = 3; c. gridx = 0; c. gridy = 1; pane.add(button, c); button = new JButton( "5" ); c. fill = GridBagConstraints. HORIZONTAL ; c. ipady = 0; // reset to default c. weighty = 1.0; // request any extra vertical space c. anchor = GridBagConstraints. PAGE_END ; // bottom of space c. insets = new Insets(10, 0, 0, 0); // top padding c. gridx = 1; // aligned with button 2 c. gridwidth = 2; // 2 columns wide c. gridy = 2; // third row pane.add(button, c); }

一个GardBagLayout布局的左右选择框，效果：

代码为：

 

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.DefaultListModel;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JList;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class GridBagLayoutFrame extends JFrame {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6819222900970457455L;
	private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
	private JButton addButton = new JButton();
	private JButton leftButton = new JButton();
	private JButton rightButton = new JButton();
	private JLabel label = new JLabel();
	private JTextField field = new JTextField();
	private DefaultListModel leftModel = new DefaultListModel();
	private DefaultListModel rightMOdel = new DefaultListModel();
	private JList leftList = new JList(leftModel);
	private JList rightList = new JList(rightMOdel);

	public GridBagLayoutFrame(String title) {
		setTitle("GridBagLayoutFrameDemo");
		setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 400));
		setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		initComponent();
		addData();
		pack();
		setVisible(true);
	}

	private static void createAndShowGUI() {
		new GridBagLayoutFrame("GridBagLayoutFrameDemo");
	}

	private void initComponent() {

		label.setText("添加选项：");
		addButton.setText("添加");
		leftList.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150, 150));
		rightList.setPreferredSize(leftList.getPreferredSize());
		leftButton.setText("左");
		rightButton.setText("右");
		mainPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("左右选择框"));
		mainPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

		GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints();

		c.gridx = 0; // 0行0列
		c.gridy = 0;
		c.gridwidth = 1;
		c.gridheight = 1;
		c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
		c.weightx = 0;
		c.weighty = 0;
		mainPanel.add(label, c);

		c.gridx++;
		c.weightx = 1;
		mainPanel.add(field, c);

		c.gridx++;
		c.weightx = 0;
		c.gridwidth = 1;
		c.gridheight = 1;
		// c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
		mainPanel.add(addButton, c);

		c.gridx = 0;
		c.gridy = 1;
		c.weightx = 1;
		c.weighty = 1;
		c.gridwidth = 2;
		c.gridheight = 2;
		c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
		mainPanel.add(leftList, c);

		c.gridx = 2;
		c.gridy = 1;
		c.gridwidth = 1;
		c.gridheight = 1;
		c.weightx = 0;
		c.weighty = 0.5;
		c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.SOUTH;
		c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
		mainPanel.add(leftButton, c);

		c.gridx = 2;
		c.gridy = 2;
		c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTH;
		c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
		mainPanel.add(rightButton, c);

		c.gridx = 3;
		c.gridy = 1;
		c.gridwidth = 1;
		c.gridheight = 2;
		c.weightx = 1;
		c.weighty = 1;
		c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
		mainPanel.add(rightList, c);

		this.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
	}

	private void addData() {
		addButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				addItem();
			}
		});

		leftButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				leftItem();
			}
		});

		rightButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				rightItem();
			}
		});
	}

	private void addItem() {
		if (field.getText() != null && !field.getText().equals("")) {
			((DefaultListModel) leftList.getModel())
					.addElement(field.getText());
			field.setText("");
		}
	}

	private void leftItem() {
		if (rightList.getSelectedIndex() != -1) {
			Object o = rightList.getSelectedValue();
			((DefaultListModel) rightList.getModel()).remove(rightList
					.getSelectedIndex());
			((DefaultListModel) leftList.getModel()).addElement(o);
		}
	}

	private void rightItem() {
		if (leftList.getSelectedIndex() != -1) {
			Object o = leftList.getSelectedValue();
			((DefaultListModel) leftList.getModel()).remove(leftList
					.getSelectedIndex());
			((DefaultListModel) rightList.getModel()).addElement(o);
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				createAndShowGUI();
			}
		});
	}
}

 

 

注：本人摘抄于http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/128174