1.安装Ubuntu 12.04
可选择使用Wubi安装。
2.安装Python
3.安装JDK
更新软件库：
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ lucid partner"
sudo apt-get update
下载JDK：
使用新立得软件包管理器下载 sun-java6-jdk或执行命令：sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk
修改当前使用的JDK版本：sudo update-alternatives --config java
4.安装所需的组件
To set up your development environment, install the following required packages:
执行命令：sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev lib32ncurses5-dev ia32-libs x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32readline5-dev lib32z-dev
For building Froyo or an older release on a 64-bit system, several other packages are necessary to establish a 32-bit build environment:
执行命令：sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib libc6-i386 libc6-dev-i386
5.安装几个必须库
进入新立得软件包管理器勾选lib32z1-dev、zlib-bin并安装。
6.Android编译需要安装mtd-utils（该程序不能升级，使用指定版本mtd-utils_20090606-1_amd64.deb）
使用强制安装方式：sudo dpkg -i 文件名
此组件是用来创建UBI文件系统的。
7.安装GCC编译器
系统已经默认安装了4.4.5版。
8.安装交叉编译工具arm-linux-gcc（PAO的默认配置为源码放在主文件夹的project下，arm-linux-gcc放在project的tools下）
A.解压arm-linux-gcc-4.5.1-v6-vfp-20101103.tgz，执行命令：
tar xvzf arm-linux-gcc-4.5.1-v6-vfp-20101103.tgz –C home/administrator/project/tools/
cp -r home/administrator/project/tools/opt/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.5.1 /home/administrator/project/tools/arm-linux-4.5.1/
rm -rf home/administrator/project/tools/opt
B.设置环境变量（多个变量时用“:”分格）：
sudo gedit /etc/profile
在最后添加：PATH=$PATH:/home/administrator/project/tools/arm-linux-4.5.1/bin
C.重新登录后运行：arm-linux-gcc --v 测试是否安装成功。
9.错误处理
在Ubuntu12.04（64位）编译Android2.3源码时，遇到各种各样的问题。不是缺这个，就是少那个。现把这些问题和解决方法罗列出来，供大家参考。
错误：
/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/acp_intermediates/acp.o] 错误 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
错误：
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/acp_intermediates/acp] error 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install g++-multilib
错误：
external/clearsilver/cgi/cgi.c:22: fatal error: zlib.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libneo_cgi_intermediates/cgi.o] Error 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
错误：
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/aapt] Error 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install lib32z1-dev
错误：
bison -d -o out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_y.y
/bin/bash: bison: command not found
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp] Error 127
解决：
sudo apt-get install bison
错误：
Lex: aidl <= frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_l.l
/bin/bash: flex: command not found
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_l.cpp] Error 127
解决：
sudo apt-get install flex
错误：
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] Error 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev
错误：
prebuilt/linux-x86/sdl/include/SDL/SDL_syswm.h:55: fatal error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/emulator_intermediates/android/main-common.o] Error 1
解决：
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev
错误：
sh: gperf: not found
calling gperf failed: 32512 at ./makeprop.pl line 96.
make: *** [out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h] Error 25
make: *** Deleting file `out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h'
解决：
sudo apt-get install gperf
错误：
build/core/java.mk:9: *** bin: Target java module does not define any source or resource files. Stop.
解决：
删除源码根目录下的bin文件夹，这个文件夹是导入eclipse时创建的。
问题
host SharedLib: libGLES_CM_translator (out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libGLES_CM_translator.so)
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib64/libGL.so when searching for -lGL
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lGLcollect2: ld 返回 1
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libGLES_CM_translator.so] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs….
解决
sudo yum install mesa-libGL-devel
问题
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib64/libX11.so when searching for -lX11
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lX11
collect2: ld 返回 1
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libOpenglRender.so] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs….
解决
yum install libX11-devel.i686
问题
//usrusr//binbin//ldld:: skippingskipping incompatibleincompatible //usrusr//lib64lib64//libGL.solibGL.so whenwhen searchingsearching forfor –lGLlGL
//usrusr//binbin//ldld:: cannotcannot findfind –lGLlGL
collect2: collect2: ld 返回 1ld 返回 1
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libGLES_CM_translator.so] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs….
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libEGL_translator.so] Error 1
解决
sudo yum install libgle.i686 libgle.x86_64 libgle-devel.i686 libgle-devel.x86_64 yum install mesa-libGL-devel.i686
Compiling 32-bit app on 64-bit, cannot find -lX11
You need the header files, which are provided by -dev packages, and not in the library packages themselves. So, try installing libx11-dev. That should fix this particular build error, though you may get similar errors about other libraries (and then you can install their -dev packages.)
Even though these packages provide header files rather than binaries, and in general header files account for all supported architectures through the use of preprocessor macros, nonetheless -dev packages in Ubuntu tend to be architecture-specific, and this is the case for libx11-dev (as can be seen here by expanding a release and finding the .deb packages listed for libx11-dev in that release). Since your Ubuntu system is 64-bit and you're compiling a 32-bit program which must link against the 32-bit version of the library, you'll probably need to install the 32-bit version of libx11-dev. If you're installing with apt-get or aptitude, you can specify that by indicating libx11-dev:i386 as the package to install (since multarch is supported and being used).
http://packages.ubuntu.com/ is a good resource for finding the name of the -dev package corresponding to a library package. It's not always the library package's name immediately followed by -dev; sometimes version numbers present in the library package name, especially after a -, are absent in the name of the corresponding -dev package.
