ubuntu将U盘分区表从4改为1
一、卸载设备
1.查看
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mount
/dev/sda5 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda7 on /home type ext3 (rw,commit=0) rpc_pipefs on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/tankai/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tankai) /dev/sdb4 on /media/3489-F97A type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush)
2.卸载
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# umount /media/3489-F97A/
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# ls -l /dev/sd
sda sda1 sda2 sda5 sda6 sda7 sdb sdb4
二、重建分区表
1.显示分区信息
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# fdisk --help
fdisk：无效选项 -- - Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c[=<mode>] compatible mode: 'dos' or 'nondos' (default) -h print this help text -u[=<unit>] display units: 'cylinders' or 'sectors' (default) -v print program version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 7803 MB, 7803174912 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 948 cylinders, total 15240576 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb4 * 63 15240512 7620225 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)2.删除设备分区/dev/sdb4：
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): l 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 7803 MB, 7803174912 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 948 cylinders, total 15240576 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb4 * 63 15240512 7620225 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Command (m for help): d Selected partition 4 Command (m for help): 4 4: unknown command Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
3.重建分区/dev/sdb1：
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# fdisk /dev/sdbCommand (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 7803 MB, 7803174912 bytes
241 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 15240576 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xcad4ebea
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-15240575, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-15240575, default 15240575):
Using default value 15240575
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
4.查看/dev/sdb1：
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# ls -l /dev/s
sda sda2 sda6 sdb serial/ sg1 snapshot stderr stdout sda1 sda5 sda7 sdb1 sg0 shm/ snd/ stdin
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mount
/dev/sda5 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda7 on /home type ext3 (rw,commit=0) rpc_pipefs on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/tankai/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tankai)
三、格式化分区
1.将/dev/sdb1格式化为fat32
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mkfs
mkfs mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4dev mkfs.msdos mkfs.vfat mkfs.bfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.ntfs
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mkfs.vfat --help
mkfs.vfat 3.0.9 (31 Jan 2010)
mkfs.vfat: invalid option -- '-'
Unknown option: ?
Usage: mkdosfs [-a][-A][-c][-C][-v][-I][-l bad-block-file][-b backup-boot-sector]
[-m boot-msg-file][-n volume-name][-i volume-id]
[-s sectors-per-cluster][-S logical-sector-size][-f number-of-FATs]
[-h hidden-sectors][-F fat-size][-r root-dir-entries][-R reserved-sectors]
/dev/name [blocks]root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mkfs.vfat -n cuixuan /dev/sdb1
mkfs.vfat 3.0.9 (31 Jan 2010)
2.重新挂载（热插拔下）
root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mount
/dev/sda5 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda7 on /home type ext3 (rw,commit=0) rpc_pipefs on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/tankai/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tankai) /dev/sdb1 on /media/cuixuan type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush) root@tankai-G41T-R3:/home/tankai# mount /dev/sda5 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda7 on /home type ext3 (rw,commit=0) rpc_pipefs on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/tankai/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tankai) /dev/sdb1 on /media/cuixuan type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush)