[置顶] [11]MQTT mosquitto 双向SSL认证配置方式

我们知道，MQTT mosquitto支持单项和双向的SSL认证，在上一节中，我们已经给大家分享了单向的SSL如何配置，在这一节中咱们来看一下双向的SSL认证的配置文件应该如何配置? 那么什么是双向的SSL认证呢？所谓的双向的SSL认证，打个通俗的比方就是，在进行SSL加密通信前，通信的双方（在咱们的例子中是mosquitto服务器端和MQTT客户端（消息的发送或者接收端））需要相互验证各自的证书是否合法。比如,是否是一个合法的CA颁发的等等。

在上一节提到，我们知道启动MQTT mosquitto的时候，可以通过下面的命令

mosquitto [-c config file] [ -d | --daemon ] [-p port number] [-v]

来指定启动的方式，其中，-c 后面跟的是启动mosquitto可以调整的参数，比如是否开启基本认证，端口是什么，SSL单向和双向的认证配置等等。

-d 表示MQTT mosquitto将在后台运行。

-p 代表当前的mosquitto服务实例启动以后，其监听端口号，这个配置的覆盖[-c config file] 指定的配置文件中的端口

-v 代码调试模式（verbose）可以输出更多的信息

假设我们自己已经通过OpenSSL生成了相关的CA证书，和服务器端自签名公钥和私钥，客户端的自签名公钥和私钥。其位置分布存储在：

（1） CA证书的位置

D:\mosquitto\certificates\ca.crt

（2） 服务器端的自签名的公钥的地址

D:\mosquitto\certificates\server.crt

（3） 服务器端的自签名的私钥的地址

D:\mosquitto\certificates\server.key

则其单向的SSL的mosquitto服务器端的配置文件（Configuration）的配置方式如下：

假设下面的配置存储在一个名为D:\mosquitto\twowayssl.conf的文本文件中，

# See also the mosquitto-tls man page.

# At least one of cafile or capath must be defined. They both 
# define methods of accessing the PEM encoded Certificate 
# Authority certificates that have signed your server certificate 
# and that you wish to trust.
# cafile defines the path to a file containing the CA certificates.
# capath defines a directory that will be searched for files
# containing the CA certificates. For capath to work correctly, the
# certificate files must have ".crt" as the file ending and you must run
# "c_rehash <path to capath>" each time you add/remove a certificate.
cafile D:\mosquitto\certificates\ca.crt
#capath

# Path to the PEM encoded server certificate.
certfile D:\mosquitto\certificates\server.crt

# Path to the PEM encoded keyfile.
keyfile D:\mosquitto\certificates\server.key

# This option defines the version of the TLS protocol to use for this listener.
# The default value will always be the highest version that is available for
# the version of openssl that the broker was compiled against. For openssl >=
# 1.0.1 the valid values are tlsv1.2 tlsv1.1 and tlsv1. For openssl < 1.0.1 the
# valid values are tlsv1.
tls_version tlsv1

# By default a TLS enabled listener will operate in a similar fashion to a
# https enabled web server, in that the server has a certificate signed by a CA
# and the client will verify that it is a trusted certificate. The overall aim
# is encryption of the network traffic. By setting require_certificate to true,
# the client must provide a valid certificate in order for the network
# connection to proceed. This allows access to the broker to be controlled
# outside of the mechanisms provided by MQTT.
require_certificate true

# If require_certificate is true, you may set use_identity_as_username to true
# to use the CN value from the client certificate as a username. If this is
# true, the password_file option will not be used for this listener.
use_identity_as_username true

从上面可以看出，双向和单项认证的区别是，除了需要单向SSL认证需要的CA的证书，服务器端的公钥和私钥的证书之外，还需要开启下面的两个开关。</span>

# By default a TLS enabled listener will operate in a similar fashion to a
# https enabled web server, in that the server has a certificate signed by a CA
# and the client will verify that it is a trusted certificate. The overall aim
# is encryption of the network traffic. By setting require_certificate to true,
# the client must provide a valid certificate in order for the network
# connection to proceed. This allows access to the broker to be controlled
# outside of the mechanisms provided by MQTT.
require_certificate true

# If require_certificate is true, you may set use_identity_as_username to true
# to use the CN value from the client certificate as a username. If this is
# true, the password_file option will not be used for this listener.
use_identity_as_username true

则可以通过下面的方式启动mosquitto服务器端的双向的SSL服务。

mosquitto D:\mosquitto\two wayssl.conf -p 1885 -v