Struts MVC基本实现原理理解

Struts是一个面向请求驱动MVC实现的框架。
首先我们用最基本的Servlet写一个MVC的实现。
1.定义一个中央控制器(改控制器是用来获取请求URL,并根据URL的不同将请求分发到不同的Action上)
package com.yx.zzg.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.yx.zzg.action.Action;
import com.yx.zzg.action.impl.AddAction;
import com.yx.zzg.action.impl.QueryAction;

/**
 * 中央控制器
 * 
 * @author toshiba
 * 
 */
public class ActionServelt extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 获取请求Url;
		String urlPath = request.getRequestURI();
		// 截取请求Url
		urlPath = urlPath.substring(urlPath.indexOf("/", 1));
		String forwardUrl = "";
		// 判断Url并分发到不同的Action,并统一控制转向
		if ("/user/adduser.do".equals(urlPath)) {
			Action action = new AddAction();
			forwardUrl = action.execute(request, response);
		} else if ("/user/queryuser.do".equals(urlPath)) {
			Action action = new QueryAction();
			forwardUrl = action.execute(request, response);
		}
		request.getRequestDispatcher(forwardUrl).forward(request, response);
	}
}

2.修改web.xml,拦截所有以.do结尾的请求
<servlet>
		<servlet-name>actionServelt</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.yx.zzg.servlet.ActionServelt</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>actionServelt</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>


3.定义一个接口(Action.java)
package com.yx.zzg.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public interface Action {
	public String execute(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response);
}


4.定义两个action,分别实现Action.java接口
package com.yx.zzg.action.impl;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.yx.zzg.action.Action;

public class AddAction implements Action {

	public String execute(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) {
		String username=request.getParameter("username");
		System.out.println("------------------addAction-------------"+username);
		return "/success.jsp";
	}
}

package com.yx.zzg.action.impl;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.yx.zzg.action.Action;
public class QueryAction implements Action {

	public String execute(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) {
		String username=request.getParameter("username");
		System.out.println("----------queryAction--------"+username);
		return "/result.jsp";
	}
}


这样处理如果业务增加,相应的中央控制器里面的if else语句就会越来越多,而且在程序里面且不方便以后维护。

所以我们就需要这样的一个配置文件去集中控制,这个配置文件需要指定请求url,被分发的action实现类,以及跳转页面等等。
如以下:
引用

<action-config>
   <action path="/user/addaction" class="com.yx.zzg.action.impl.AddAction" success="/success.jsp"/>
   <action path="/user/queryaction" class="com.yx.zzg.action.impl.QuerydAction" success="/result.jsp"/>
</action-config>


因此struts的实现的基本原理是struts的中央控制器获取请求url并读取struts-conf.xml文件,然后根据请求url和struts-conf.xml中配置的action的path进行比较,获取action的实现类并分发出去,action再调用我们的模型层(Model)。

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