通过定时任务执行mysql的定期删除和新建分区，此处是按日分区

使用python脚本作为命令脚本，linux的定时任务来每天定时执行

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
import pymysql
import datetime
import calendar

#要分区的表
table_name = 'my_table'
#连接数据库的信息
host,user,passwd,db = ('127.0.0.1','root','123456','test')
#保留数据的天数
days = 2

#===================================================
'''
#根据月分区,计算出要删除的上月分区名称和下月新增的分区名称
def add_months(dt,months):
    month = dt.month - 1 + months
    year = dt.year + month / 12
    month = month % 12 + 1
    day = min(dt.day,calendar.monthrange(year,month)[1])
    return dt.replace(year=year, month=month, day=day)

today = datetime.datetime.today()
last_date = add_months(today,-1) 
next_date = add_months(today,1)
next_next_date = add_months(next_date,1)

last_p = 'p%s' % last_date.strftime('%Y%m')
next_p = 'p%s' % next_date.strftime('%Y%m')
'''

#===================================================
#根据天分区，根据保留的天数计算出要删除的分区名称和要新增的分区名称
today = datetime.datetime.today()
last_date = today-datetime.timedelta(days)
next_date = today+datetime.timedelta(1)
next_next_date = today+datetime.timedelta(2)

last_p = 'p%s' % last_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')
next_p = 'p%s' % next_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')

sql_add_p = 'alter table %s add partition (partition %s values less than (to_days(\'%s\')))' %(table_name,next_p,next_next_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
sql_del_p = 'alter table %s drop partition %s' %(table_name,last_p)


#===================================================
#连接数据库，执行删除和新增分区的sql语句
#print sql_add_p
#print sql_del_p
print '==============================================\nstart work:\n%s\n%s' %(sql_add_p,sql_del_p)
conn = pymysql.connect(host,user, passwd, db)
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute(sql_add_p)
cur.execute(sql_del_p)
conn.close()

 如果是以前没有分过区的表，则需要先创建一个分区，然后才能执行上面的代码