一、万能的Hello World, 现身吧:
- package com.jian;
- public class Test {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
-
- System.out.println("Hello World");
- }
- }
二、有一神器叫java, 在jdk的bin下, 不管你会不会用,你都得用,只有他才能驯服Hello World, 将其转换形态,变成传说中的字节码,class文件。
Hello World为什么神奇,多少世纪来无能能解,现在我们将它转换成了clss形态,他目前神力尽失,只能任由我们处置了。
还等什么,拿出javap解剖刀,让我们看看它的真身吧:
- javap.exe -v C:\workspace\j2ee\Test\bin\com\jian\Test.class
怎么样,怎么样,五脏六腹全都出来了吧,哈哈哈。。。
- Classfile /C:/workspace/j2ee/Test/bin/com/jian/Test.class
- Last modified 2012-1-6; size 533 bytes
- MD5 checksum c3f1f6231f3171633175804c46502e5c
- Compiled from "Test.java"
- public class com.jian.Test
- SourceFile: "Test.java"
- minor version: 0
- major version: 51
- flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
- Constant pool:
- #1 = Class #2 // com/jian/Test
- #2 = Utf8 com/jian/Test
- #3 = Class #4 // java/lang/Object
- #4 = Utf8 java/lang/Object
- #5 = Utf8 < init >
- #6 = Utf8 ()V
- #7 = Utf8 Code
- #8 = Methodref #3.#9 // java/lang/Object." < init > ":()V
- #9 = NameAndType #5:#6 // " < init > ":()V
- #10 = Utf8 LineNumberTable
- #11 = Utf8 LocalVariableTable
- #12 = Utf8 this
- #13 = Utf8 Lcom/jian/Test;
- #14 = Utf8 main
- #15 = Utf8 ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
- #16 = Fieldref #17.#19 // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
- #17 = Class #18 // java/lang/System
- #18 = Utf8 java/lang/System
- #19 = NameAndType #20:#21 // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
- #20 = Utf8 out
- #21 = Utf8 Ljava/io/PrintStream;
- #22 = String #23 // Hello World
- #23 = Utf8 Hello World
- #24 = Methodref #25.#27 // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
- #25 = Class #26 // java/io/PrintStream
- #26 = Utf8 java/io/PrintStream
- #27 = NameAndType #28:#29 // println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
- #28 = Utf8 println
- #29 = Utf8 (Ljava/lang/String;)V
- #30 = Utf8 args
- #31 = Utf8 [Ljava/lang/String;
- #32 = Utf8 SourceFile
- #33 = Utf8 Test.java
- {
- public com.jian.Test();
- flags: ACC_PUBLIC
- Code:
- stack = 1 , locals = 1 , args_size = 1
- 0: aload_0
- 1: invokespecial #8 // Method java/lang/Object."< init > ":()V
- 4: return
- LineNumberTable:
- line 4: 0
- LocalVariableTable:
- Start Length Slot Name Signature
- 0 5 0 this Lcom/jian/Test;
-
- public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
- flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
- Code:
- stack = 2 , locals = 1 , args_size = 1
- 0: getstatic #16 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
- 3: ldc #22 // String Hello World
- 5: invokevirtual #24 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
- 8: return
- LineNumberTable:
- line 6: 0
- line 7: 8
- LocalVariableTable:
- Start Length Slot Name Signature
- 0 9 0 args [Ljava/lang/String;
- }
此结构非常清晰,具体请参照JVM规范,今天我们主要分析Hello World是怎么出来的。。。
字节码的执行主要有三个栈上:操作数栈, 本地变量表,操作栈帧, 操作数栈是记录各种位置信息的,不用管他,咱要要看 本地变量表,操作栈帧:
- public com.jian.Test();
- flags: ACC_PUBLIC
- Code:
- stack = 1 , locals = 1 , args_size = 1
- 0: aload_0
- 1: invokespecial #8 // Method java/lang/Object."< init > ":()V
- 4: return
- LineNumberTable:
- line 4: 0
- LocalVariableTable:
- Start Length Slot Name Signature
- 0 5 0 this Lcom/jian/Test;
三、看看这一段 ,本地方法表只一个值,是什么,那就是大名鼎鼎的this, 看看Code处三句话:
第一句,aload_0, 0是什么,就是本地方法表中的slot0, 我kao,一上来就把this加载上来,加载到哪去了呢?看不到吧,当然看不到,这上面没显示出来,在每个方法调用时,jvm都会创建一个操作栈帧,aload_0就是
把本地方法表中的0 slot放到操作栈帧顶部,
第二句话干什么呢,invokespecial #8, 看看后面的注释吧,它竟然执行了Object的init方法,随便他了,管不了他,他是JVM,它想执行啥就让他执行吧。
第三句话就不说了,都return了。。。此操作栈帧就到此灭亡。。来世再见。
四、Hello World,轮到你了:
- public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
- flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
- Code:
- stack = 2 , locals = 1 , args_size = 1
- 0: getstatic #16 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
- 3: ldc #22 // String Hello World
- 5: invokevirtual #24 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
- 8: return
- LineNumberTable:
- line 6: 0
- line 7: 8
- LocalVariableTable:
- Start Length Slot Name Signature
- 0 9 0 args [Ljava/lang/String;
看到了吗,要让控制台打出惊世骇俗的Hello World,丫就4条JVM指令,
第一句:getstatic #16 ,看到了吧。。丫往操作帧中放了什么,kao,就两个静态域的引用 ,system.out和PrintStream
第二句:ldc #22 Hello World, 考,这货怎么会是#22, 它竟然在常量池中,好吧,明白了吧,它竟然躲起来了,但我们还是将他揪出来了,放入操作帧吧,看他能耍什么花招
第三句: invokevirtual #24 看到了吗,这才是神器,void PrintStream.println(String),.. 让操作栈桢发威吧,有了他,传说中的Hello World立马出现在万人瞩目的控制台了
第四句:完事收工,再见。。。