用DBUnit 做数据备份恢复工具
DBunit(http://dbunit.sourceforge.net/ )是一个非常好的数据库unit系列工具，一般都是用它在测试的时候管理数据库。我们可以发挥一下，用它做一个备份和恢复的数据库管理工具。
以mysql为例，正好现在还没有找到一个好用的mysql备份和恢复工具。这个是在代码中管理不是用ant的方式。
主要是用到核心组件：IDatabaseConnection、IDataSet、DatabaseOperation 。
先看代码：
/**
* 导出数据到指定文件
* @param file 一个标准的java.io.File
* @param connection 一个标准的java.sql.Connection
* @throws org.dbunit.DatabaseUnitException
*/
public static void exportRoom(File file， Connection connection) throws DatabaseUnitException， IOException {
IDatabaseConnection databaseConnection = new DatabaseConnection(connection);
QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(databaseConnection);
dataSet.addTable("room");
Writer writer = new FileWriter(file);
XmlDataSetWriter w = new XmlDataSetWriter(writer);
w.write(dataSet);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}
在这个方法中指定了一个表名"room"，如果有多个表可以通过参数或其他的方式按照这种方式继续增加。这个文件是XML格式的。具体格式说明或其他格式参见
http://dbunit.sourceforge.net/components.html#databaseconnection
/**
* 导入数据到ROOM表
* @param file 一个标准的java.io.File
* @param connection 一个标准的java.sql.Connection
*/
public static void importRoom(File file， Connection connection) throws DatabaseUnitException， IOException， SQLException {
IDataSetProducer dataSetProducer = new XmlProducer(FileHelper.createInputSource(file));
IDataSet dataSet = new CachedDataSet(dataSetProducer);
IDatabaseConnection databaseConnection = new DatabaseConnection(connection);
DatabaseOperation operation = DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT;
DatabaseOperation.TRANSACTION(operation);
operation.execute(databaseConnection， dataSet);
DatabaseOperation.CLOSE_CONNECTION(operation);
}
这个方法可以把上面生成的XML文件导入到数据库中，如果是其他格式的文件只需要更换IDataSetProducer的实现类就可以了。具体格式请参见APIDOC
在这个方法里使用了事务控制，保证数据的一致性。
有了这两个方法我们就可以再发挥一下，然后为客户提供一个备份恢复数据的工具了。如果再加入压缩文件的支持就更加完美了。
package com.chenjo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import org.dbunit.DatabaseUnitException;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.CachedDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.stream.IDataSetProducer;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlProducer;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.XmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.XmlDataSetWriter;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.XmlProducer;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
import org.dbunit.util.FileHelper;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
public class DbUnitTestA {
Connection getConnection() {
// 驱动程序名
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
// URL指向要访问的数据库名test
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/tt";
// MySQL配置时的用户名
String user = "root";
// MySQL配置时的密码
String password = "root";
Connection conn = null;
// 加载驱动程序
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
/**
* 导出数据到指定文件
*
* @param file
* 一个标准的java.io.File
* @param connection
* 一个标准的java.sql.Connection
* @throws org.dbunit.DatabaseUnitException
*/
public static void exportStudent(File file, Connection connection,
boolean flat) throws DatabaseUnitException, IOException {
IDatabaseConnection databaseConnection = new DatabaseConnection(
connection);
QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(databaseConnection);
dataSet.addTable("student");
if (flat) {
FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet, new FileOutputStream(file));
} else {
XmlDataSet.write(dataSet, new FileOutputStream(file));
}
}
/**
* 导入数据到student表
*
* @param file
* 一个标准的java.io.File
* @param connection
* 一个标准的java.sql.Connection
*/
public static void importStudent(File file, Connection connection,
boolean flat) throws DatabaseUnitException, IOException,
SQLException {
IDataSetProducer dataSetProducer = null;
if (flat) {
dataSetProducer = new FlatXmlProducer(
FileHelper.createInputSource(file));
} else {
dataSetProducer = new XmlProducer(
FileHelper.createInputSource(file));
}
IDataSet dataSet = new CachedDataSet(dataSetProducer);
IDatabaseConnection databaseConnection = new DatabaseConnection(
connection);
DatabaseOperation operation = DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT;
DatabaseOperation.TRANSACTION(operation);
operation.execute(databaseConnection, dataSet);
DatabaseOperation.CLOSE_CONNECTION(operation);
}
/**
* 导入数据到ROOM表
*
* @param file
* 一个标准的java.io.File
* @param connection
* 一个标准的java.sql.Connection
*/
public static void importRoomFlat(File file, Connection connection)
throws DatabaseUnitException, IOException, SQLException {
IDataSetProducer dataSetProducer = new FlatXmlProducer(
FileHelper.createInputSource(file));
IDataSet dataSet = new CachedDataSet(dataSetProducer);
IDatabaseConnection databaseConnection = new DatabaseConnection(
connection);
DatabaseOperation operation = DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT;
DatabaseOperation.TRANSACTION(operation);
operation.execute(databaseConnection, dataSet);
DatabaseOperation.CLOSE_CONNECTION(operation);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DbUnitTestA op = new DbUnitTestA();
Connection conn = op.getConnection();
// op.findStudent("0001");
// /C:\Users\chenjo\workspace_luna\TT\.
// System.out.println((new File(".")).getAbsolutePath());
try {
importStudent(new File("student_nonflat.xml"), conn, false);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
扁平XML:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <dataset> <student Id="0001" name="翁仔" sex="m" birthday="1979-12-31"/> <student Id="0002" name="王翠花" sex="f" birthday="1982-08-09"/> </dataset>
非扁平XML:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dataset>
<table name="student">
<column>Id</column>
<column>name</column>
<column>sex</column>
<column>birthday</column>
<row>
<value>0001</value>
<value>翁仔</value>
<value>m</value>
<value>1979-12-31</value>
</row>
<row>
<value>0002</value>
<value>王翠花</value>
<value>f</value>
<value>1982-08-09</value>
</row>
</table>
</dataset>
库依赖:
//.classpath <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <classpath> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/> <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.8"/> <classpathentry kind="lib" path="lib/mysql-connector-java-5.5.0.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.junit.JUNIT_CONTAINER/3"/> <classpathentry kind="lib" path="H:/Users/chenjo/Downloads/slf4j-1.7.7/slf4j-1.7.7/slf4j-api-1.7.7.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="lib" path="H:/Users/chenjo/Downloads/slf4j-1.7.7/slf4j-1.7.7/slf4j-simple-1.7.7.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="output" path="bin"/> </classpath>
MySQL数据库建立脚本:
# SQL-Front 5.1 (Build 4.16)
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES */;
/*!40103 SET SQL_NOTES='ON' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
# Host: localhost Database: tt
# ------------------------------------------------------
# Server version 5.5.40
#
# Source for table student
#
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`Id` char(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`name` char(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` char(1) DEFAULT NULL,
`birthday` date DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;
#
# Dumping data for table student
#
LOCK TABLES `student` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `student` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('0001','翁仔','m','1979-12-31');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('0002','王翠花','f','1982-08-09');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `student` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;