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Excel Import to SQL Server
using Distributed Queries

Introduction

This article describes the complete steps for Microsoft Excel data import to SQL Server using distributed queries technique.

The article describes the steps for all modern platforms:

• Microsoft SQL Server 2005/2008/R2/2012 on the x86/x64 platform.
• Microsoft Excel 2003/2007/2010 files like *.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• The basics of Excel Data Import to SQL Server
• Configuration steps for Excel data import to SQL Server
  • Install Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver
  • Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries
  • Grant rigths to TEMP directory
  • Configure ACE OLE DB properties
• How-To: Import Excel 2003 to SQL Server x86
• How-To: Import Excel 2007 to SQL Server x86
• How-To: Import Excel 2003/2007 to SQL Server x64
• Conclusion
• See Also

The Basics of Excel Data Import to SQL Server

To import data from Microsoft Excel to SQL Server OPENROWSET and OPENDATASOURCE functions with OLE DB data source can be used.

The basic format for the Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 provider is:

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
  'Excel 8.0;Database=C:\excel-sql-server.xls', [Sheet1$])

SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
  'Data Source=C:\excel-sql-server.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0')...[Sheet1$]

The basic format for the Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 provider is:

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Excel 12.0;Database=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx', [Sheet1$])

SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Data Source=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0')...[Sheet1$]

The Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 provider is used with 32-bit SQL Server for Excel 2003 files.

The Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 provider is used with 64-bit SQL Server for any Excel files or 32-bit SQL Server for Excel 2007 files.

Pay attention that "Excel 12.0" string is used, not "Excel 14.0" as some MSDN resources say.

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Configuration Steps for Excel Data Import to SQL Server

# Step SQL Server x86 for Excel 2003 files *.xls SQL Server x86 for Excel 2007 files *.xlsx, etc. SQL Server x64 for any Excel version files

1	Install Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver	not needed	x86	x64
2	Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries	yes	yes	yes
3	Grant rigths to TEMP directory	yes	yes	not needed
4	Configure ACE OLE DB properties	not needed	yes	yes

Install Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver

To import Excel 2007/2010 files to SQL Server Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver should be installed.

To download the driver use the following link:

Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable

Don't worry about "Access" in the name.

Warning! x64 driver can not be installed if Microsoft Office 2007/2010 x86 is already installed!

So there is no way to import Excel data to SQL Server x64 using OPENROWSET/OPENDATASOURCE functions on a machine with Microsoft Office x86!

The SQL Server Error Message if Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 is not installed

Msg 7403, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The OLE DB provider "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0" has not been registered.

Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries

To configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries use the following code:

sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO
sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO

The SQL Server Error Message if Ad Hoc Distributed Queries component is turned off

Msg 15281, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
SQL Server blocked access to STATEMENT 'OpenRowset/OpenDatasource' of component
'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries' because this component is turned off as part of
the security configuration for this server.
A system administrator can enable the use of 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries'
by using sp_configure.
For more information about enabling 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries',
see "Surface Area Configuration" in SQL Server Books Online.

Grant rigths to TEMP directory

This step is required only for 32-bit SQL Server with any OLE DB provider.

The main problem is that an OLE DB provider creates a temporary file during the query in the SQL Server temp directory using credentials of a user who run the query.

The default directory for SQL Server is a default directory for SQL Server service account.

If SQL Server is run under Network Service account the temp directory is like:

C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\NetworkService\AppData\Local\Temp

If SQL Server is run under Local Service account the temp directory is like:

C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\LocalService\AppData\Local\Temp

Microsoft recommends two ways for the solution:

1. A change of SQL Server TEMP directory and a grant of full rights for all users to this directory.
2. Grant of read/write rights to the current SQL Server TEMP directory.

See details: PRB: "Unspecified error" Error 7399 Using OPENROWSET Against Jet Database

Usually only few accounts are used for import operations. So we can just add rights for these accounts.

For example, icacls utility can be used for the rights setup:

icacls C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\NetworkService\AppData\Local\Temp /grant vs:(R,W)

if SQL Server is started under Network Service and login "vs" is used to run the queries.

The SQL Server Error Message if a user have no rights for SQL Server TEMP directory

OLE DB provider "Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0" for linked server "(null)" returned message "Unspecified error".
Msg 7303, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Cannot initialize the data source object of OLE DB provider "Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0" for linked server "(null)".

Configure ACE OLE DB properties

This step is required only if the Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 provider is used.

Use the following T-SQL code:

EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'AllowInProcess', 1
GO
EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'DynamicParameters', 1
GO

The SQL Server Error Messages if OLE DB properties are not configured

Msg 7399, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The OLE DB provider "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0" for linked server "(null)" reported an error. The provider did not give any information about the error.
Msg 7330, Level 16, State 2, Line 1
Cannot fetch a row from OLE DB provider "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0" for linked server "(null)".

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How-To: Import Excel 2003 to SQL Server x86

Step 1. Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries

sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO
sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO

Step 2. Grant rigths to TEMP directory

icacls C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\<SQL Server Account>\AppData\Local\Temp /grant <User>:(R,W)

The most commonly used pathes:

C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\NetworkService\AppData\Local\Temp
C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\LocalService\AppData\Local\Temp

Use Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 OPENROWSET format

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
  'Excel 8.0;Database=C:\excel-sql-server.xls', [Sheet1$])

Use Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 OPENDATASOURCE format

SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
  'Data Source=C:\excel-sql-server.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0')...[Sheet1$]

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How-To: Import Excel 2007 to SQL Server x86

Step 1. Install 32-bit Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver

Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable

Step 2. Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries

sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO
sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO

Step 3. Grant rigths to TEMP directory

icacls C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\<SQL Server Account>\AppData\Local\Temp /grant <User>:(R,W)

The most commonly used pathes:

C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\NetworkService\AppData\Local\Temp
C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\LocalService\AppData\Local\Temp

Step 4. Configure OLE DB properties

EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'AllowInProcess', 1
GO
EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'DynamicParameters', 1
GO

Use Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 OPENROWSET format

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Excel 12.0;Database=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx', [Sheet1$])

Use Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 OPENDATASOURCE format

SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Data Source=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0')...[Sheet1$]

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How-To: Import Excel 2003/2007 to SQL Server x64

Step 1. Install 64-bit Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 driver

Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable

Step 2. Configure Ad Hoc Distributed Queries

sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO
sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
GO

Step 3. Configure OLE DB properties

EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'AllowInProcess', 1
GO
EXEC sp_MSset_oledb_prop N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0', N'DynamicParameters', 1
GO

Use Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 OPENROWSET format

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Excel 12.0;Database=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx', [Sheet1$])

Use Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 OPENDATASOURCE format

SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
  'Data Source=C:\excel-sql-server.xlsx;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0')...[Sheet1$]

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Conclusion

Using the described techniques you can import data from Microsof Excel 2003/2007/2010 to SQL Server 2005/2008/R2/2012 on 32-bit or 64-bit platform.

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See Also

Reference

OPENDATASOURCE (Transact-SQL)

OPENROWSET (Transact-SQL)

Connection strings for Excel

How To

How to use Excel with SQL Server linked servers and distributed queries

Accessing Excel files on a x64 machine

Downloads

Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable

2007 Office System Driver: Data Connectivity Components

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