之前的博文中,一直有关注一些HTML 5中的值得关注但少用的API或者tips,这次继续
小结一些。
1) element.classList
详细的可以参考
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/element.classList
这里简单说下,它其实是一个快速对某个元素的class进行操作的新的DOM API了,比如
包括了add,remove,toggle,contains的方法,比如
myDiv.classList.add('myCssClass');
myDiv.classList.remove('myCssClass');
myDiv.classList.toggle('myCssClass'); //now it's added
myDiv.classList.toggle('myCssClass'); //now it's removed
myDiv.classList.contains('myCssClass'); //returns true or false
现在的浏览器支持情况为:
chrome 8.0+,ie 10,opera 11.5,safari 5.1
2) ContextMenu 上下文菜单 API
这个API是HTML 5的,用来可以生成简单的可以点击的上下文菜单,能给用户快速的选择和显示,比如
<section contextmenu="mymenu">
<!--
For the purpose of cleanliness,
I'll put my menu inside the element that will use it
-->
<!-- add the menu -->
<menu type="context" id="mymenu">
<menuitem label="Refresh Post" onclick="window.location.reload();" icon="/images/refresh-icon.png"></menuitem>
<menu label="Share on..." icon="/images/share_icon.gif">
<menuitem label="Twitter" icon="/images/twitter_icon.gif" onclick="goTo('//twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=' + document.title + ': ' + window.location.href);"></menuitem>
<menuitem label="Facebook" icon="/images/facebook_icon16x16.gif" onclick="goTo('//facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=' + window.location.href);"></menuitem>
</menu>
</menu>
</section>
3 element.dataset
这个API用来获得键值对的时候很有用:
比如:
<div id="myDiv" data-name="myDiv" data-id="myId" data-my-custom-key="This is the value"></div>
则通过下面这些可以获得键值对,这个用在jquery mobile中很实用:
// 获得元素
var element = document.getElementById("myDiv");
// 获得id
var id = element.dataset.id;
// 获得data-my-custom-key"
var customKey = element.dataset.myCustomKey;
// 设置新的值
element.dataset.myCustomKey = "Some other value";
4 postMessage API
这个居然在IE 8后就支持了,可以支持在不同domain的iframe中传递消息
// From window or frame on domain 1, send a message to the iframe which hosts another domain
var iframeWindow = document.getElementById("iframe").contentWindow;
iframeWindow.postMessage("Hello from the first window!");
// From inside the iframe on different host, receive message
window.addEventListener("message", function(event) {
if(event.origin == "http://davidwalsh.name") {
// Log out the message
console.log(event.data);
// Send a message back
event.source.postMessage("Hello back!");
}
]);
5 autofocus
这个很简单了,自动focus到控件
<input autofocus="autofocus" />
<button autofocus="autofocus">Hi!</button>
<textarea autofocus="autofocus"></textarea>