Spring定时器的两种实现方式

有两种流行Spring定时器配置：Java的Timer类和OpenSymphony的Quartz。

1.Java Timer定时

首先继承java.util.TimerTask类实现run方法

[java] view plaincopyprint?
import java.util.TimerTask;  
public class EmailReportTask extends TimerTask{       
@Override    
    public void run() {    }      
}    



timerTask属性告诉ScheduledTimerTask运行哪个。86400000代表24个小时

启动Spring定时器

Spring的TimerFactoryBean负责启动定时任务

<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">  
<property name="scheduledTimerTasks">  
   <list><ref bean="scheduleReportTask"/>list>  
property>  
bean>  
scheduledTimerTasks里显示一个需要启动的定时器任务的列表。  
可以通过设置delay属性延迟启动  
<bean id="scheduleReportTask" class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">  
<property name="timerTask" ref="reportTimerTask" />  
<property name="period">  
<value>86400000value>  
property>  
<property name="delay">  
<value>3600000value>  
property>  
bean>  
这个任务我们只能规定每隔24小时运行一次，无法精确到某时启动

2.Quartz定时器


首先编写服务类：

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<span style="color:#000000;"></span><span style="color:#00ff;">import</span><span style="color:#000000;"> java.util.Date; 
 
</span><span style="color:#00ff;">public</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span><span style="color:#00ff;">class</span><span style="color:#000000;"> CourseService </span><span id="_72_152_Open_Text"><span style="color:#000000;">{ 
   </span><span style="color:#00ff;">public</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span><span style="color:#00ff;">void</span><span style="color:#000000;"> start()</span><span id="_96_150_Open_Text"><span style="color:#000000;">{ 
       System.out.println(</span><span style="color:#00ff;">new</span><span style="color:#000000;"> Date().getSeconds()); 
   }</span></span><span style="color:#000000;"> 
}</span></span><span style="color:#000000;"> 
</span> 


编写调度类，需要继承QuartzJobBean ：

package QuartzTest;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;


public class QuartzJob extends QuartzJobBean {   
   
    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
        courseService.start();
    }

    private CourseService courseService;

    public CourseService getCourseService() {
        return courseService;
    }

    public void setCourseService(CourseService courseService) {
        this.courseService = courseService;
    }
   

}




编写配置文件
需要说明的是，我们有两种trigger，分别是simple和cron模式，simple方式和timertask类似，采用设置interval方式进行调度，而cron可以特有的语法很详细的定制调度执行时间，具体描述在配置文件的注释中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd" >
<beans>
   <bean id="courseService" class="QuartzTest.CourseService"/>
   <!-- 创建调度任务 使用单独编写的调度类QuartzJob    -->
   <bean id="reportJbo" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
     <property name="jobClass">
       <value>QuartzTest.QuartzJob</value>
     </property>
     <property name="jobDataAsMap">
       <map>
         <!--采用jobDataAsMap方式进行courseService注入-->
         <entry key="courseService">
           <ref bean="courseService"/>
          </entry>
       </map>
     </property>
   </bean>

   <!-- 创建调度任务 使用已有的service类方法，不需要单独编写调度类QuartzJob
   <bean id="reportJbo" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
     <property name="targetObject">
      <ref bean="courseService"/>
     </property>
     <property name="targetMethod">
        <value>start</value>
     </property>
   </bean>
    -->
   <!-- 配置调度任务,简单模式   -->
   <bean id="simpleReportTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">
      <property name="jobDetail">
        <ref bean="reportJbo"/>
      </property>
      <property name="repeatInterval">
        <value>1000</value>
      </property>
   </bean>

   <!-- 配置调度任务,复杂定制模式,月份中的日期和星期不能同时设置   -->
   <bean id="cronReportTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
      <property name="jobDetail">
        <ref bean="reportJbo"/>
      </property>
      <property name="cronExpression">
        <value>02 20 21 7 6 ? 2007</value>
        <!-- 1.秒 0-59
             2.分钟 0-59
             3.小时 0-23
             4.月份中的日期 1-31
             5.月份 1-12或者Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
             6.星期中的日期 1-7或者MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT,SUN.
        -->
      </property>
   </bean>

   <!-- 启动调度 -->
   <bean id="start" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
     <property name="triggers">
       <list>
         <ref bean="cronReportTrigger"/>
       </list>
     </property>
   </bean>
</beans>




Spring还为我们提供了更简单的加载调度的方式，也就说我们在已经有业务方法CourseService时不需要再额外编写调度类QuartzJob,可以直接配置service的方法

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<bean id="reportJbo" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> 
     <property name="targetObject"> 
      <ref bean="courseService"/> 
     </property> 
     <property name="targetMethod"> 
        <value>start</value> 
     </property> 
   </bean> 
<!-- ============== start=============== -->
<bean id="findAppSaveTimeEnd" class="com.skyon.psbc.cas.job.app.FindAppSaveTimeEnd" lazy-init="false" singleton="false" >
<property name="appTaskService" ref="appTaskService"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="findAppTimeEnd" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
    <property name="targetObject">
        <ref bean="findAppSaveTimeEnd"/>
    </property>
    <property name="targetMethod">
        <value>executeJob</value>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="findAppTime" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
    <property name="jobDetail">
        <ref bean="findAppTimeEnd"/>
    </property>
    <property name="cronExpression">
        <value>0 0 0 * * ?</value>
    </property>
</bean>
<!-- ============== end=============== -->

<!-- ===总管理类 如果将lazy-init='false'那么容器启动就会执行调度程序===========  -->
<bean id="startQuertz" lazy-init="true" autowire="no" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
    <ref bean="findAppTime"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>