ubuntu12.04搭建git服务器
一、安装配置git
1、安装git和openssh：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudoapt-getinstallgit-coreopenssh-serveropenssh-client
添加用户git，该用户将作为所有代码仓库和用户权限的管理者：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudouseradd-mgit
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudopasswdgit（设置git管理者用户密码）
2、建立git仓库：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudomkdir/home/git/repositories
让除了git以外的用户对此目录无任何权限：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudochowngit:git/home/git/repositories
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudochmod755/home/git/repositories
二、安装配置gitosis
1、初始化一下服务器的git用户，这一步其实是为了安装gitosis做准备。在任何一台机器上使用git，第一次必须要初始化一下：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$gitconfig–globaluser.name“yourname”
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$gitconfig–globaluser.email“yourname@server“
例如：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$gitconfig–globaluser.name“howie”
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$gitconfig–globaluser.email“[email protected]“
2、安装gitosis：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$sudoapt-getinstallpython-setuptools
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$cd/tmp
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp$gitclonehttps://github.com/res0nat0r/gitosis.git
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp$cdgitosis
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$sudopythonsetup.pyinstall
3、生成ssh公钥
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$ssh-keygen-trsa
默认回车，保存到当前用户的主目录下
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$cp/home/howie/.ssh/id_rsa.pub/tmp/id_rsa.pub
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$sudochmoda+r/tmp/id_rsa.pub
4、让gitosis运行起来
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$sudo-H-ugitgitosis-init</tmp/id_rsa.pub
InitializedemptyGitrepositoryin/home/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
ReinitializedexistingGitrepositoryin/home/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
5、添加可执行权限
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis$su
root@ubuntu-12-04:/tmp/gitosis#cd/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
root@ubuntu-12-04:/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git#chmod755/home/repo/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update
root@ubuntu-12-04:/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git#exit
三、在服务器上新建一个测试项目仓库
1、我们在服务器上新建一个空的项目仓库，叫“trunk”。
切换到git用户：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/home/git$sugit
$cd/home/git/repositories
$mkdirtrunk.git
$cdtrunk.git
$gitinit--bare
注：这是在服务器上运行的，初始化一个根级的git仓库
$exit
四、管理gitosis配置文件
1、clone仓库gitosis-admin.git
howie@ubuntu-12-04:/home/git$cd~
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$mkdirwork
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$gitclonegit@<server ip>:gitosis-admin.git
或者howie@ubuntu-12-04:~$gitclonegit@<server ip>:/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git
2、添加git服务器的用户，并生成ssh公钥
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$sudouseradd-mb
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$sudopasswdb
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$sub
$ssh-keygen-trsa（默认在用户b的主目录下）
$exit
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$su
root@ubuntu-12-04:/home/howie/work#cp/home/b/.ssh/id_rsa.pubgitosis-admin/keydir/[email protected]
root@ubuntu-12-04:/home/howie/work#exit
3、修改gitosis.conf文件，配置如下：
[gitosis]
[groupgitosis-admin]
members=howie@ubuntu-12-04
writable=gitosis-admin
[groupdevelopers]
writable=trunk
members=howie@ubuntu-12-04b@ubuntu-12-04
4、加入新文件、提交并push到git服务器：
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$cdgitosis-admin
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/gitosis-admin$gitadd.
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/gitosis-admin$gitcommit-am“addtrunkprjandusers”
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/gitosis-admin$gitpushoriginmaster
五、初始化测试项目
1、初始化一个版本
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$mkdirtrunk-ori
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work$cdtrunk-ori/
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/trunk-ori$gitinit
注：这是在用户端的PC上执行的，为的是初始化一个本地的版本库
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$echo“helloworld!”>hello
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$gitadd.
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$gitcommit-am“initialversion”
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$gitremoteaddorigingit@<server ip>:trunk.git
或者howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$gitremoteaddorigingit@<server ip>:/home/git/repositories/trunk.git
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/trunk-ori$gitpushoriginmaster
2、clonetrunk仓库
howie@ubuntu-12-04:~/work/teamwork-ori$sub
$cd/home/b
$gitclonegit@<serverip>:trunk.git
$cdtrunk
$vimhello
$gitadd.
$gitcommit-am“badd”
$gitpushoriginmaster
$exit